Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Surface Expression of Low Basal Friction Upstream of Antarctic Grounding Lines
Published: 2025-08-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ice sheets leave contact with the bed at grounding lines, beyond which floating ice shelves experience no friction at their base. In places where basal friction begins to decrease upstream of the grounding line, ice sheets respond more strongly to climate forcing. However, the spatial extent of zones of low grounding line friction is poorly constrained by observations. Here, we use a steady-state [...]
Ecosystem metabolism in the lower Columbia and Willamette Rivers, USA: Insights into the juvenile salmonid food web
Published: 2026-05-08
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The Columbia River and its major tributary, the Willamette River, are large systems impacted by human activities, including the installation of hydroelectric dams. Hourly measurements of dissolved oxygen (DO) from in situ sensors and laboratory incubations showed that daily net ecosystem production (NEP) was slightly positive in the Columbia, with annual NEP of 121.30 gC m-2 y-1. In the [...]
Development of Low-Cost, Open-Source Unmanned Surface Vehicle for Water System Monitoring
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Education, Engineering
Commercially available Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) in the market are expensive, and the software used for automating navigation and bathymetry mapping are typically proprietary. Large scale collection of water quantity and quality data requires dynamic in-situ sensing approaches with open-source software for user flexibility. This manuscript presents an open-source, economic, and efficient [...]
Evaluation of biochar produced from coffee husks as an alternative treatment for wastewater contaminated with agrochemicals in the southwestern region of Antioquia.
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Excessive use of herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers has enhanced agricultural productivity but has also generated significant environmental impacts and public health risks. Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphorus insecticide, is highly persistent in the environment due to its affinity for organic matter and its ability to be transported via runoff into water bodies, where conventional wastewater [...]
Snowdrift and Accumulation on Landfast Ice Around Antarctic Icebergs: Insights from Modeling and Observational Data
Published: 2025-08-30
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Glaciology
Snow cover influences sea ice thermodynamics and mass balance, making its distribution and properties critical to polar research. Grounded icebergs in coastal Antarctica substantially affect surface snow distribution and landfast sea ice patterns, which has received limited scientific attention. To address this gap, this study integrates observational data with numerical snow transport [...]
The impacts of volcanism on hydrocarbon-bearing sedimentary basins - Examples from the world-class Neuquén Basin case study, Argentina
Published: 2025-08-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The last two decades of research have highlighted that volcanism occurring in sedimentary basins can have substantial effects on sedimentary formations. In particular, igneous intrusions can trigger the generation of large amounts of greenhouse gases in organic-rich host rocks, leading to dramatic climate change and mass extinctions. Volcanism can also have significant impacts on [...]
3D surface displacement estimation over the Groningen gas field, the Netherlands
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Geophysics and Seismology, Mining Engineering, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Since 1964, the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands has experienced significant subsidence due to gas extraction. Although InSAR has been widely used to estimate the vertical displacements of the field, capturing the full three-dimensional deformation, including omnidirectional horizontal components, remained a challenge and has only been achieved from spatially sparse GNSS observations. The [...]
Using X-ray Fluorescence to Detect Automobile Heavy Metal Pollution in Los Angeles Soils with Copper and Palladium as Indicators
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This project evaluates the effectiveness of using portable X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) to detect soil composition matrices that show patterns of anthropogenic influence. We explore 26 areas within Los Angeles County, California, that have various amounts of traffic; classifying each locale as Urban or Recreational. The main elements of interest are copper and palladium. These indicators are largely [...]
Intelligent National Map: A Vision for Distributed and Agentic Geospatial Intelligence
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An Intelligent National Map (INM) can change how worldwide mapping agencies, such as the U.S. Geological Survey, deliver the geospatial foundation of the Nation, as well as the capacity for the public to engage and use the data. It is envisioned as an innovative system that can coordinate analysis for spatial questions using structured reasoning grounded in semantic relationships, domain rules, [...]
Undrainable pore spaces comprise half of US groundwater storage
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management
Groundwater is vital to global freshwater access, streamflow generation, and biogeochemical cycling, but not all groundwater can be drained due to adhesive and capillary forces. Quantifying the proportion of groundwater that can be drained—and is, thus, theoretically recoverable—is critical for characterising groundwater’s role in earth system processes. Unfortunately, estimates of theoretically [...]
Integrated Triassic sediment routing along eastern Gondwana (Australia)
Published: 2026-04-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Triassic continental sedimentary basins along the eastern margin of Gondwana record drainage reorganisation and sediment routing, but provenance links among adjacent basins remain uncertain. This study integrates detrital zircon U–Pb data and sandstone petrography from the Triassic Rewan Group and Clematis Group of the northern Bowen Basin with published palaeocurrent constraints and compares [...]
Using ruptures from an earthquake cycle simulator to test geodetic early warning system performance
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
New Zealand's vulnerability to seismic hazards highlights the need for systems capable of providing earthquake early warning (EEW) alerts or rapid notice of strong shaking. Large offshore earthquakes along the subduction zone east of the North Island could also trigger catastrophic tsunamis, inundating coastal communities in under an hour. Although New Zealand operates a robust seismic and [...]
Natural Philosophy of Protoplanetary and Planetary Discs: On the Origin and Evolution of Life
Published: 2025-09-01
Subjects: Life Sciences
This paper examines the four pivotal and most contentious issues within the field of abiogenesis by analyzing the life-originating processes centred on protoplanetary and planetary discs. These include: 1. Geological environment; 2. Source of nutrients/initial molecules; 3. Source of energy; 4. RNA world versus metabolic world: which came first? To date, scientists have been unable to reach a [...]
Some new Models of Earth’s Temperature Anomaly across various Epochs Predicting Present Warming with Ice Age Validity Testing and a Data set Bias examination.
Published: 2025-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The need for methods to assess earth’s temperature anomaly are briefly discussed together with shortcomings of existing climate models. The geomagnetic or Pole shift method of climate sensitivity is briefly reviewed. The hypothesis that the previous two warm periods shared a common driver is tested and proven. Granger causality tests have been made and indicate that Pole Shift is the driver of [...]
Trends in Nitrate Levels in Iowa's Community Water Systems (2000-2022): Characteristics of Systems Vulnerable to MCL Exceedances and Future Regulatory Scenarios
Published: 2025-09-01
Subjects: Engineering
This study examines trends in nitrate contamination in Iowa's community water systems (CWS) from 2000 to 2022, focusing on the characteristics of CWS that are most vulnerable to elevated nitrate levels and those likely to be impacted by a lower maximum contaminant level (MCL). Using Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) compliance data for CWSs currently without nitrate removal, we analyzed nitrate [...]