Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Impact of oxygen release from bentonite on microbial activity, mineralogy, and steel corrosion
Published: 2025-07-19
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Geochemistry
Deep geological repositories for the disposal of radioactive waste rely partly on the integrity of canisters and on the inhibition of microbial growth by the bentonite barrier for the effective isolation of the waste from the environment. Canister integrity can be compromised by the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and by abiotic corrosion. Unexpected aerobic microbial growth and SRB [...]
CO2-Based Leaching of Sulfidic Peridotite Drives Critical Mineral Mobilization and Carbonate Precipitation
Published: 2025-06-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology
The transition towards green energy requires both carbon dioxide removal and consistent supplies of energy-critical minerals. Injection and mineralization of supercritical CO2 at active mafic and ultramafic-hosted mines provides a potential avenue to achieve both, through the stable geologic storage of carbon and subsequent mobilization of critical metals. A sample from the Eagle occurrence, an [...]
Disentangling impact ejecta dynamics using micro–X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF): a case study from the terrestrial Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary
Published: 2024-12-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study presents a non-destructive geochemical and petrographic workflow to generate high-resolution chemostratigraphic records across key stratigraphic intervals, here exemplified by a terrestrial Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary sequence. The geochemical records fingerprint specific Chicxulub related impact ejecta products and thereby further constrain the timeline of ejecta deposition. [...]
Maintenance of convectively coupled Kelvin waves: relative importance of internal thermodynamic feedback and external momentum forcing
Published: 2025-06-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Previous studies suggest that convectively coupled Kelvin waves (KWs) are likely maintained by two distinct processes: (1) the internal thermodynamic feedback between KW diabatic heating and temperature and (2) the external momentum forcing from the midlatitude Rossby waves exerting on KW zonal wind. This study quantifies the relative importance of the two processes on KW maintenance by comparing [...]
Rupture directivity from energy envelope deconvolution: theory and application to 69 Ridgecrest M 3.5–5.5 earthquakes
Published: 2024-07-13
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Earthquake rupture directivity impacts ground motions and provides important insights on fault zone properties and earthquake physics. However, measuring directivity of small earthquakes is challenging due to their compact rupture sizes and complex path and site effects at high frequencies. Here, we develop a new approach that deconvolves energy envelopes of the S-coda waves to remove path and [...]
A decadal survey of the near-surface seismic velocity response to hydrological variations in Utah, United States
Published: 2024-11-21
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology
Ongoing climate change leads to an increase in prolonged drought and severe weather events in the United States, particularly pronounced in semi-arid regions such as the western United States. It could have lasting social and environmental impacts. Continuous monitoring of near-surface hydrological processes and groundwater resources will provide helpful information for effective water resource [...]
3D dynamic rupture modeling of the 2021 Haiti earthquake used to constrain stress conditions and fault system complexity
Published: 2024-12-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The 2021 Mw7.2 Haiti earthquake was a devastating event which occurred within the Enriquillo Plantain Garden Fault Zone (EPGFZ). It is not well-understood why neither the 2021 nor the prior 2010 Mw7.0 earthquakes were pure strike slip events and, instead, ruptured with distinct patches of dip slip and strike slip motion on largely separate fault planes. The major characteristics of the earthquake [...]
Airborne remote sensing of concurrent submesoscale dynamics and phytoplankton
Published: 2025-02-12
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Submesoscale dynamics can induce significant vertical fluxes of phytoplankton, nutrients, and carbon, resulting in biological and climatological impacts such as enhanced phytoplankton production, phytoplankton community shifts, and carbon export. However, resolving these dynamics is challenging due to their rapid evolution (hours to days) and small spatial scales (1-10 km) of variability. The [...]
Deep source regions for back-arc volcanism in the Patagonian slab window imaged by finite frequency P and SH body wave tomography
Published: 2025-04-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
The subduction of the Chile Ridge beneath South America beginning 12-16 Myr ago opened a gap in the subducting slab beneath southern Patagonia, which migrated northward and is located today at 46oS. Geodynamic processes associated with the slab window are poorly understood. Here we apply finite-frequency P and SH body wave tomography to seismic data from several temporary arrays as well as [...]
Landscape signature of seismogenic faults in the off- and onshore domains of the Noto Peninsula in Japan’s back-arc
Published: 2025-04-27
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
The eastern margin of the Sea of Japan is a zone of great seismic and tsunami hazard due to multiple offshore and nearshore reverse faults as shown by the 2024 Mw 7.5 Noto Peninsula Earthquake. Here we compare coseismic deformation of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake with 4767 individual marine terraces attributed to 16 sea-level stands over the last Myr. This reveals that the earthquake faults [...]
Is the Suez Rift in its post-rift phase?
Published: 2025-01-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Failed rifts are widely assumed to enter post-rift quiescence after termination of intracontinental rifting, but a comprehensive understanding of their regional morphotectonics is lacking. Our quantitative, rift-scale geomorphic analyses in the Suez Rift, an archetypal failed rift in Egypt, reveals widespread rifting after presumed rift “failure”. Stacked topographic swaths document normal fault [...]
DeepGEM-EGF: A Bayesian strategy for joint estimates of source-time functions and empirical Green’s functions
Published: 2025-01-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences
An earthquake record is the convolution of source radiation, path propagation and site effects, and instrument response. Isolating the source component requires solving an ill-posed inverse problem. Whether the instability of inferred source parameters arises from varying properties of the source, or from approximations we introduce in solving the problem, remains an open question. Such [...]
Evidence of subduction, collision, and extension in northern Borneo: Constraints from receiver function
Published: 2023-09-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology
Northern Borneo (Sabah) has a complex geological history, experiencing multiple episodes of subduction, magmatism, uplift, subsidence, and extension since the Mesozoic. This includes the subduction of the proto-South China Sea beneath Sabah, terminating ~21 Ma; a postulated later phase of subduction of the Celebes Sea plate, terminating ~9 Ma; extension in central Sabah ~9-10Ma; rapid emplacement [...]
Robust directional analysis of magnetic microscopy images using non-linear inversion and iterative Euler deconvolution
Published: 2025-03-29
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
The first step in scientific data acquisition often involves analyzing entire samples, providing only a general characterization of the material. Enhancing data acquisition by improving spatial resolution and isolating the underlying phenomena contributing to the overall signal has become a central direction in various scientific fields. In paleomagnetism, this advancement is now possible with [...]
Multiple scattering of seismic waves in a heterogeneous magmatic system and spectral characteristic of long period volcanic earthquakes
Published: 2025-04-03
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Long-Period (LP) volcanic earthquakes are characterized by a relatively long duration codas and spectra containing pronounced spectral peaks. These peculiar spectral characteristics are often attributed to source effects, such as resonances of fluid-filled cracks. In this paper, we report the results of numerical simulations of seismic wave propagation showing that the main signal features of the [...]