Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Model and algorithm for constructing a horizon surface in the vicinity of a single fault
Published: 2026-07-30
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The article addresses the problem of constructing 3D structural models of geological horizons under faulting conditions. The most labor-intensive stage of structural reservoir modeling is the construction of horizon surfaces that must simultaneously fit seismic data and satisfy structural consistency conditions near faults. It is proposed to reduce the problem of recovering the "unreliable" [...]
MUONITH v1.0 — A Fast Simulation Tool for Multi-directional Muography Observation Design
Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Multi-directional muography is a non-destructive technique for imaging the three-dimensional density structure of large objects such as volcanoes. Recent developments in detector technology—miniaturization, low-power operation, and weight reduction—are rapidly expanding the range of feasible observation sites, and detector deployment by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is also being studied; in [...]
Thin Ice DEM Model Based on Smoothed Elements: A 2.5-Dimensional DEM Approach for Ice–Structure Interaction Simulation
Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The user wants just the updated abstract in plain text format, with α removed.` We present a novel 2.5-dimensional Discrete Element Method (DEM) model, termed the Thin Ice Model (TIM), for efficient simulation of ice-structure interactions in broken and unbroken sea ice fields. The model is based on Voronoi tessellation of a single-layer ice sheet, where the ratio of element area to thickness [...]
A Blueprint for Modern Floodplain Management: System Requirements and Architecture for AI-Ready Platforms
Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Sciences, Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management
Floodplain managers play a critical role in mitigating flood risks and ensuring compliance with federal, state, and local regulations. Their daily work often depends on a patchwork of standalone tools, manual processes, and legacy systems that have evolved over time to meet regulatory and community needs. To establish a foundation for next-generation technological solutions, we synthesized [...]
Intermediate-Evidence Substitution: A Benchmark Design Methodology for Isolating Numerical Derivation from Protocol Execution in Deterministic Climate Verification
Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We introduce \textbf{Intermediate-Evidence Substitution (IES)}, a benchmark design methodology that changes evidence granularity while preserving task semantics: decisive aggregate statistics in benchmark evidence are replaced with the raw intermediate values from which they are derived, while task labels, decision protocols, thresholds, and evaluation criteria remain unchanged. IES functions as [...]
Effective Microbial Kinetics under Pore-Scale Transport Limitation: A Biofilm Effectiveness-Factor Theory
Published: 2026-07-27
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reactive-transport models of porous media usually evaluate microbial reactions with Monod kinetics and rate constants measured on well-mixed laboratory cultures, in which every cell is exposed to the same substrate concentration. In natural sediments and aquifers this assumption fails at the pore scale, because the cells are not suspended but reside in biofilms and aggregates attached to the [...]
Connectivity effects on fluid age and residence time distributions in two- and three-dimensional pore networks
Published: 2026-07-27
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Pore-scale simulations are often run on a single plane cut from a three-dimensional image, because resolving the whole pore space is expensive. This study asks what that shortcut costs. What is at stake is the distribution of fluid ages, and above all its long tail, because that tail is what slow reactions respond to. We computed the distribution directly from the flow field, by labeling the [...]
Reconstructing age and reactivity distributions from the moments carried by central-moment transport models
Published: 2026-07-26
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A central-moment transport model follows a property that varies across a population, such as the age of water parcels or the decay rate of organic-matter particles. Instead of storing the whole distribution of that property, it keeps only a few summary numbers, the moments, and moves those through the model. But the distribution itself is usually what a scientist wants, so it has to be rebuilt [...]
Microseismic Detection in Borehole DAS as a Spatial Localization Problem: Cross-System Validation at the 2024 Utah FORGE Stimulation
Published: 2026-07-25
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) turns borehole fibers into dense seismic arrays, but converting terabytes of continuous strain-rate data into reliable real-time detections remains a bottleneck for induced-seismicity monitoring. We argue that the limiting question for DAS microseismic monitoring has been posed incorrectly. Existing detectors ask whether an event is present in a record; on a [...]
Reconstructing Satellite-Era Southern Ocean Temperature and Salinity Trends within Observational Uncertainty
Published: 2026-07-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Southern Ocean (SO) sea surface temperatures (SSTs) have exhibited large-scale cooling over the satellite era (1979-present). Several potential drivers of this cooling have been proposed -- including changes in winds, freshwater fluxes, and natural variability -- but their relative contributions have been challenging to identify because climate models largely fail to simulate the observed trend. [...]
Authorship and contribution recognition in infrastructure-scale Earth science collaborations
Published: 2026-07-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Community-driven collaborative initiatives across palaeoclimate, oceanography, and Earth system science have transformed how scientific knowledge is generated, integrated, and interpreted. Proxy synthesis efforts, climate model intercomparison projects, and scientific drilling programmes increasingly function as collaborative scientific infrastructures sustained by distributed intellectual labour [...]
Feedback-Controlled Linear Actuator System to Simulate Laboratory Analogs of Landslides
Published: 2026-07-24
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
This study describes a scientific apparatus that induces granular flow by tilting an acrylic sample container under user-prescribed constant angular velocity and acceleration profiles. The system consists of a transparent sample container mounted within a motorized frame driven by a linear actuator that we control using pulse-width modulation with feed-forward compensation. Additional components [...]
A Generalizable Lie Autoencoder for Emulating Barotropic Turbulence
Published: 2026-07-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Numerical ocean models rely on the discretization of primitive equations to simulate ocean dynamics, but their computational cost increases drastically with resolution. As an alternative, recent advances in neural networks (NN) have demonstrated promising applications in climate science, offering orders-of-magnitude faster simulations than traditional models through data-driven algorithms that [...]
A Late Miocene Reduction in the Spatial Breadth of Marine Tephra Occurrence: A Five-Basin Test of the Volcanic-Pulse Hypothesis
Published: 2026-07-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Stratigraphy, Volcanology
Episodic "pulses" of explosive volcanism have been widely invoked to explain climatic and biotic events across the Phanerozoic, but rarely tested against a high-resolution, multi-basin occurrence record. I tested for non-random temporal clustering of explosive volcanism using VOLCORE, a compilation of 34,696 visible tephra layers recovered by ocean drilling from across the world’s ocean basins. [...]
History-free spectral modelling of fractional seismic1 attenuation on fixed self-adjoint operators
Published: 2026-07-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Fractional wave models represent power-law attenuation and dispersion, but direct Caputo5 time stepping retains an increasingly long memory. We isolate the fixed-operator case in6 which a prescribed positive self-adjoint semidiscrete spatial operator is queried repeatedly at7 selected output times, receiver locations, or dense-basis source weights. Its fractional tem-8 poral evolution is [...]