Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Computational Modeling of Climate Change Impacts on Flood Inflows Using Remote Sensing and SWAT: A Case Study of Ban Chat Reservoir, Northern Vietnam
Published: 2024-10-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study examines the changes in land cover and three water quality indicators (chlorophyll-a, colored dissolved organic matter, turbidity) using Sentinel-2 imagery in the Ban Chat hydropower area in Northern Vietnam during the period of 2016--2024. To assess the potential impact of flood flows into the Ban Chat reservoir, key information is extracted from remote sensing data, which is the [...]
DARTS: Multi-year database of AI-detected retrogressive thaw slumps in the circum-arctic permafrost region
Published: 2024-10-20
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Retrogressive Thaw Slumps (RTS) and Active Layer Detachment Slides (ALD) are widespread thermal mass-wasting hillslope failures triggered by thawing permafrost. Despite increasing rates of these failures, knowledge about their pan-arctic spatial and temporal distribution remains limited. We present the Database of AI-detected Arctic RTS and ALD footprints (DARTS), the largest hillslope [...]
The Rainy Continental Snow climate: Global comparison with 40 years of snow cover modeled in the Chic-Chocs, northeastern Appalachians mountains.
Published: 2024-10-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the snow and avalanche climate of the Chic-Chocs region of the Gaspé Peninsula, located in the northeastern Appalachians of eastern Canada. The data revealed two major components of the snow climate: a cold snow cover combined with a maritime influence causing melt/ice layers through rain-on-snow events. The CRCM6-SNOWPACK model chain was good at [...]
Review of Hyperspectral Imaging Techniques: Lithium Redistribution By Pegmatite Weathering
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The rising popularity of lithium in battery technology and renewable power sources has thus turned attention to Li-Cs-Ta pegmatites for lithium. This review focuses on a description of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for studying lithium-repayment processes during the weathering of such pegmatites. Hyperspectral imaging has the potential to provide a non-destructive method to identify and map lithium [...]
EasyMP™: Diverse and environmentally relevant microplastic reference materials encompassing fragments and fibers
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The field of microplastic (MP) research has expanded significantly since the terminology’s inception in 2004. Despite the exponential increase in studies, the availability of environmentally relevant MP reference materials (RMs) remains limited, and no certified MP RMs exist. This study addresses the need for diverse RMs by presenting data on MP RMs of fragments (10-100 µm) and fibers (50-1000 [...]
Phanerozoic thermochronology record of Afro-Arabia through space and time
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Low-temperature thermochronology has been widely used in eastern Africa and Arabia (Afro-Arabia) to investigate the long-term thermal evolution of the crust in response to Phanerozoic tectonism. Yet, utilisation of this invaluable thermochronology record to inform numerical investigations into the long-term tectonothermal, geodynamic and landscape evolution of the region has been limited by the [...]
Understanding the Li resource of granite hosted geothermal brines using near surface measurements
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Chemistry, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability
Unprecedented demand for lithium (Li) is being driven by its use in electric vehicle batteries. Currently, the majority of Li comes from pegmatite mining and salar brines, however, new sources such as geothermal brines will be required to meet future demand. The North Pennines, Northern England has been found to host brines with lithium concentrations exceeding 90 mg/L at depths of 411 to 996 m. [...]
Controls of Dynamic and Static Stress Changes and Aseismic Slip on Delayed Earthquake Triggering: Application to the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Dynamic earthquake triggering often involves a time delay relative to the peak stress perturbation. In this study, we investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for delayed triggering. We compute detailed spatiotemporal changes in dynamic and static Coulomb stresses at the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest mainshock hypocenter, induced by the Mw 5.4 foreshock, using 3D dynamic rupture models. The [...]
Measures of deep-time terrestrial net ecosystem productivity and carbon sink function
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Indicators of past biological productivity, or ‘palaeoproductivity proxies’, offer ways to indirectly measure Earth’s deep-time ecosystem and carbon cycle functioning. Given that plants have been the principal primary producers on land for hundreds of millions of years, the abundances of fossil plants in the rock record can indicate past changes in net terrestrial ecosystem productivity (NTEP). [...]
The evidence for open magmatic system processes recorded in the crystal cargoes of lunar basalts 10057, 12038, 12043, 15085, 15556, and 70017
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Basaltic magmatism is fundamental to planetary evolution, and continues to be studied in depth on Earth. Terrestrial studies indicate that basaltic magmatic systems are generally comprised of a series of batches with distinct compositions, which can be stored at depth within crystal frameworks, creating mushes. The crystal cargos of magmas erupted from such systems record evidence of the mush [...]
Global Rice Paddy Inventory (GRPI): a high-resolution inventory of methane emissions from rice agriculture based on Landsat satellite inundation data
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rice agriculture is a major source of atmospheric methane, but current emission inventories are highly uncertain, mostly due to poor rice-specific inundation data. Inversions of atmospheric methane observations can help to better quantify rice emissions but require high-resolution prior information on the location and timing of emissions. Here we use Landsat satellite data at 30 m resolution to [...]
Tracking glacier surge evolution using interferometric SAR coherence — examples from Svalbard
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present a practically simple methodology for tracking glacier surge onset and evolution using interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) coherence. Detecting surges early and monitoring their build-up is interesting for a multitude of scientific and safety-related aspects. We show that InSAR coherence maps allow the detection of surge-related instability on Svalbard many years before [...]
Preserved eolian bedforms control reservoir heterogeneity: characterization and modeling workflow for the Avilé Member, Neuquén Basin, Argentina
Published: 2024-10-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Under certain conditions, most commonly abrupt flooding events, entire eolian bedforms can be incorporated into the geological record. Sediment that was essentially ‘in transport’ within these bedforms at the time of preservation has a distinct sedimentary architecture compared to that of sensu stricto accumulated intervals. Despite this, while the preservation of bedforms has been readily [...]
Limited warming of Middle Miocene arid low-latitude climates: application of clumped isotopes in sabkha environments
Published: 2024-10-10
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reconstructing past climatic conditions in arid and hot environments is challenging due to a scarcity of climate archives. However, this task is crucial for assessing the sensitivity of these areas to climate change. The lack of reliable proxies currently prevents precise and absolute temperature and moisture reconstructions. Clumped isotopes on sabkha calcite might alleviate this situation. In [...]
Modelling intra-parasequence reservoir heterogeneity with a process-mimicking algorithm: a case study from the Kenilworth Member, Blackhawk Formation
Published: 2024-10-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Wave dominated, shallow marine siliciclastic successions form some of the most prolific oil and gas reservoirs worldwide, where individual parasequences comprise the main flow units. Within parasequences, these reservoirs have been traditionally modelled as simple shore-parallel facies belts, given their reputation as simple reservoirs with subtle spatial heterogeneity in petrophysical [...]