Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
WITHDRAWN: Seismology for Dummies
Published: 2023-11-02
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract removed when submission was withdrawn.
Excited state lifetime of electron trapping centres in alkali feldspars
Published: 2023-11-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Mineral Physics, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics
The development of the infrared photoluminescence (IRPL) signal enables the direct non-destructive probing of the trapped electron population in feldspars. Whilst IRPL offers new perspectives for luminescence dating, it also enables detailed, site-selective measurements of the dosimetric defects emitting IRPL at 880 nm (IRPL880) and 955 nm (IRPL955), allowing improved understanding of [...]
Sounding out the river: Seismic and hydroacoustic monitoring of bedload transport in an alluvial river
Published: 2023-11-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seismological observations provide a non-invasive and continuous means of indirect measurement of fluvial bedload transport (i.e. the transport of coarse granular material, as a function of water depth, in rivers). However, a significant challenge remains in independently characterising the seismic signature of bedload transport from other sources, such as turbulence. Previous research suggested [...]
PyIRoGlass: An Open-Source, Bayesian MCMC Algorithm for Fitting Baselines to FTIR Spectra of Basaltic-Andesitic Glasses
Published: 2023-11-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology
Quantifying volatile concentrations in magmas is critical for understanding magma storage, phase equilibria, and eruption processes. We present PyIRoGlass, an open-source Python package for quantifying H2O and CO2 species concentrations in the transmission FTIR spectra of basaltic to andesitic glasses. We leverage a database of naturally degassed melt inclusions and back-arc basin basalts to [...]
WITHDRAWN: Earthquakes and Other Seismic Processes as Part of Impact Theory
Published: 2023-11-01
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract removed when submission was withdrawn.
WITHDRAWN: The Energy of Earthquakes. What's Wrong with the Elastic Recoil Theory?
Published: 2023-11-01
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract removed when submission was withdrawn.
WITHDRAWN: Thermonuclear Fusion as a Source of Seismic Phenomena?
Published: 2023-11-01
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract removed when submission was withdrawn.
WITHDRAWN: The Quantum Mechanism of Earthquakes as Exemplified by a Sudden Ejection of Rocks and Gas from a Rock Mass during the Process of a Coulomb Explosion
Published: 2023-10-31
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract removed when submission was withdrawn.
A Portable low-cost Device to Quantify Advective Gas Fluxes from Mofettes into the Lower Atmosphere: First Application to Starzach Mofettes (Germany)
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In this study, we introduce a portable low-cost device for in situ gas emission measurement from focused point sources of CO2, such as mofettes. We assess the individual sensors' precision with calibration experiments and perform an independent verification of the system's ability to measure gas flow rates in the range of liters per second. The results from one week of continuous CO2 flow [...]
Australia’s Tinderbox Drought: an extreme natural event likely worsened by human-caused climate change
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We examine the characteristics and causes of southeast Australia’s Tinderbox Drought (2017–2019) that preceded the Black Summer fire disaster. The Tinderbox Drought was characterised by cool season rainfall deficits of around –50% in three consecutive years, which was exceptionally unlikely in the context of natural variability alone. The precipitation deficits were initiated and sustained by an [...]
Pacific shoreline erosion and accretion patterns controlled by El Niño/Southern Oscillation
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Climate, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geomorphology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In the Pacific Basin, the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of interannual climate variability, driving substantial changes in oceanographic forcing and impacting Pacific coastlines. Yet, how sandy coasts respond to these basin-scale changes has to date been limited to a few long-term beach monitoring sites, predominantly on developed coasts. Here we use 38 years of Landsat [...]
High methane emissions from a eutrophic marine coastal basin driven by bubble release from the sediment
Published: 2023-10-25
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The production of methane in coastal sediments and its release to the water column is intensified by anthropogenic eutrophication and bottom water hypoxia, and it is yet uncertain whether methane emissions to the atmosphere will be enhanced. Here, we assess seasonal variations in methane dynamics in a eutrophic, seasonally euxinic coastal marine basin (Scharendijke, Lake Grevelingen). In-situ [...]
Exploring Foundation Models for Seismic Event Processing
Published: 2023-10-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Nonproliferation monitoring efforts benefit from a glut of multi-modal data that related research must develop methods to process efficiently. Many of the highest performing methods for predictive modeling rely on a legacy of data curation and labeling that is available from decades of seismic catalog building but may not scale well for future uses. This work explores tools for predictive [...]
Hydrological model skills change with drought severity; insights from multi-variable evaluation
Published: 2023-10-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Hydrological models often do not properly simulate streamflow (Q) during extreme events, including droughts. Limited abilities in simulating Q during droughts may arise from a misrepresentation of Q generating processes during these periods, but little research has focused on distributed, process-based models over human-affected areas and extreme events. To shed more light into model consistency [...]
Detection of Hidden Low-Frequency Earthquakes in Southern Vancouver Island with Deep Learning
Published: 2023-10-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) are small-magnitude earthquakes that are depleted in high-frequency content relative to traditional earthquakes of the same magnitude. These events occur in conjunction with slow slip events (SSEs) and can be used to infer the space and time evolution of SSEs. However, because LFEs have weak signals, and the methods used to identify them are computationally [...]