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Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Investigating the Relationship Between Sea Surface Temperature and the Mechanical Efficiency of Tropical Cyclones

Laurel Regibeau-Rockett, Morgan O'Neill, Olivier Pauluis

Published: 2023-06-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Previous studies have investigated how sea surface temperature (SST) affects the potential intensity of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, this is an upper bound only on the maximum near-surface azimuthal winds, and does not fully account for the effects of atmospheric moisture. Potential intensity might not vary in the same way as the total kinetic energy (WKE) of a TC would with changing SST. [...]

Learning generative models for geostatistical facies simulation based on a single training image

Runhai Feng, Dario Grana

Published: 2023-06-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Characterization of subsurface reservoirs often requires geological facies models to identify areas with favorable rock properties. With the development of computing powers, deep learning approaches, such as the generative adversarial networks (GANs), became widely used for simulating complex geological models. However, training of the GANs typically requires a large quantity of training data for [...]

Despite a century of warming, increased snowfall has buffered the ice phenology of North America’s largest high-elevation lake against climate change

Lusha Tronstad, Isabella Anna Oleksy, Daniel Preston, et al.

Published: 2023-06-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Lakes are sentinels of environmental change. In cold climates, lake ice phenology—the timing and duration of ice cover during winter—is a key control on ecosystem function. Ice phenology is likely driven by a complex interplay between physical characteristics and climatic conditions. Under climate change, lakes are generally freezing later, melting out earlier, and experiencing a shorter duration [...]

Considerations for Regional Simulations of Seaweed Carbon Dioxide Removal

Daniel Patrick Dauhajre, Tom Bell, David Siegel

Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

There is a growing interest in sequestering carbon dioxide via cultivation and sinking of seaweed in the ocean. Robust quantification of the viability of this marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) strategy requires deployment and interrogation of computer simulations that resolve coupling between turbulent oceanic circulation, biogeochemical fluxes, and cultivated seaweed with regional [...]

Artificial Energy General Intelligence AEGI

Omar Alfarisi

Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Artificial Energy General Intelligence (AEGI) is a natural progression of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) that caters to the energy industry. It is crucial to optimize the entire value chain involved in generating, transporting, and storing energy for the betterment of humanity, the environment, industry, and the scientific community. Most research efforts focus on a specific area of the [...]

A diffuse interface method for earthquake rupture dynamics based on a phase-field model

Jorge Nicolas Hayek, Dave A May, Casper Pranger, et al.

Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

In traditional modeling approaches, earthquakes are often depicted as displacement discontinuities across zero-thickness surfaces embedded within a linear elastodynamic continuum. This simplification, however, overlooks the intricate nature of natural fault zones and may fail to capture key physical phenomena integral to fault processes. Here, we propose a diffuse interface description for [...]

Full vector inversion of magnetic microscopy images using Euler deconvolution as a priori information

Gelson F. Souza-Junior, Leonardo Uieda, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira da Trindade, et al.

Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Paleomagnetic data are usually obtained from whole cylindric samples, where the signal results from the sum of magnetic moments from hundreds of thousands to millions of magnetic particles within the sample volume. This usually includes both stable and unstable remanence carriers. Recently, magnetic microscopy techniques allowed the investigation of individual grains by directly imaging their [...]

The Impact of the Three-Dimensional Structure of a Subduction Zone on Time-dependent Crustal Deformation Measured by HR-GNSS

Oluwaseun Idowu Fadugba, Valerie Sahakian, Diego Melgar, et al.

Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Accurately modeling time-dependent coseismic crustal deformation as observed on high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System (HR-GNSS) lends insight into earthquake source processes and improves local earthquake and tsunami early warning algorithms. Currently, time-dependent crustal deformation modeling relies most frequently on simplified 1D radially symmetric Earth models. However, for shallow [...]

Subduction initiation triggered the Caribbean Large Igneous Province

Nicolas Riel, João Duarte, Jaime Almeida, et al.

Published: 2023-06-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

While subduction is known to be the primary driving force of plate tectonics, the mechanisms leading to the formation of new subduction zones remain debated. Here, we use large scale D geodynamic numerical models to simulate the evolution of the Cretaceous Caribbean region, a locus where the eastern Pacific subduction system triggered the formation of a new subduction zone eventually reaching the [...]

Decompression and Fracturing Caused by Magmatically Induced Thermal Stresses

Daniel Kiss, Evangelos Moulas, Boris J.P. Kaus, et al.

Published: 2023-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Studies of host rock deformation around magmatic intrusions usually focus on the development of stresses directly related to the intrusion process. This is done either by considering an inflating region that represents the intruding body, or by considering multiphase deformation. Thermal processes, especially volume changes caused by thermal expansion are typically ignored. We show that thermal [...]

Discovery of a 15-kilometer-wide impact crater candidate in western Saudi Arabia

Abdulrahman Toonsi

Published: 2023-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Geology

There are few reports on impact craters in Saudi Arabia. This paper aims to fill a gap in the literature in this area. Using satellite imaging, a circular structure with a diameter of approximately 15 kilometers was detected on the edge of Harrat Rahat volcanic field in western Saudi Arabia. Fieldwork showed that the circular structure is a newly-discovered comet impact crater candidate, this [...]

Comment on ‘The magmatic architecture and evolution of the Chang’e-5 lunar basalts’ Penny E. Wieser1, Christy Till2, Adam Kent3, Matthew Gleeson1

Penny E Wieser, Christy Till, Adam Kent, et al.

Published: 2023-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Luo et al.1 present exciting new data on lunar basalt samples erupted at ~2 Ga, and brought to Earth by the Chang’e-5 (CE-5) mission. These samples offer important new opportunities to understand lunar magmatic systems. Luo et al.1 use Clinopyroxene-Liquid (Cpx-Liq) thermobarometry and pMELTS modelling of mineral compositions to determine the pressures (P) and temperatures (T) of magma storage on [...]

Assessment of the Relationship between Passages of Tropical Cyclones and their Origins of Genesis for Managing Risk of the Coast of Bangladesh

Md. Morshed Bin Shiraj, Han Soo Lee

Published: 2023-05-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

To understand risk from upcoming tropical cyclones (TCs) of Bangladesh, Impact of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on origins of TCs genesis historically over Bay of Bengal (BoB) should be considered. So, the correlation between Dipole Mode Indexes (DMI) and frequencies of TCs generated in BoB has been investigated for (1877-2018) era. Changes in decade-wise mean DMI have been found linearly correlated [...]

Germany-wide time series of interpolated phenological observations of main crop types between 1993 and 2021

Markus Möller, Florian Beyer, Marvin Dierks, et al.

Published: 2023-05-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The data descriptor represents a Germany-wide and spatio-temporally consistent 1 x1 km² analysis-ready time series of interpolated days of the year (DOYs). The data set covers 56 entry dates of phenological development stages of 9 main crop types for the period between 1993 and 2021. The derivation of the 1624 records is based on phenological observations provided by German Meteorological [...]

Evolution of lake surface temperatures of high-altitude lakes in the European Alpine region under climate change

Katharina Enigl, Rainer Kurmayer

Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Lake Surface Temperature (LST) is a key characteristic that reflects meteorological and climatological influences on lakes. In general, there is limited LST data from high elevation lakes available as these areas are remote and not part of regular monitoring programs. Nonetheless, it is crucial to understand their response to climate warming for the development of effective management strategies [...]

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