Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Has the impact of the Earth’s orbital variation at sub-myriadal timescales been underestimated?
Published: 2023-02-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
It is well established that the Earth’s long-term orbital variation affects global climate through insolation changes, particularly with respect to glacial cycles. However, there is little research into the impact of this slowly varying insolation forcing on timescales well below the smallest main periodicity, the precession, of ~ 21,000 years. Here, intermediate complexity climate modelling [...]
Clumped isotopes in globally distributed Holocene coccoliths reveal their habitat depth
Published: 2023-02-06
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reliable temperature reconstructions are necessary to improve climate reconstructions and comparisons with paleoclimate model simulations. Most existing paleotemperature proxies are based on organic and inorganic remains of marine organisms. Despite the evidence that the habitat depth of coccolithophores and other phytoplankton depend on their ability to balance light, nutrients, and grazing [...]
A Comparison of Contemporaneous Airborne Altimetry and Ice-Thickness Measurements of Antarctic Ice Shelves
Published: 2023-02-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Estimates of ice shelf mass loss are typically based on surface height measurements, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium and estimated firn thickness. Recent investigations, however, challenge the assumption that ice shelves are freely floating, particularly in proximity to narrow structures such as basal channels and shear margins. We compare contemporaneous measurements of Antarctic ice shelf [...]
Evaluating large-domain, hecto-meter, large-eddy simulations of trade-wind clouds using EUREC4A data
Published: 2023-02-02
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The meso-scale variability in cloudiness of the marine trade-wind layer is explored with large-eddy simulations of regional extent and validated against observations of the EUREC4A field campaign. 41 days of realistically forced simulations present a representative, sta- tistical view on shallow convection in the winter North Atlantic trades that includes a wide range of meso-scale variability [...]
A new mechanism for brittle failure in garnets
Published: 2023-02-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Garnet is a high-strength mineral and preserves structures that can consequently be used to understand the flow strength and evolution of stress within the lower crust. Yet, the deformation mechanisms at the brittle¬-ductile transition of garnet remain ambiguous. Here, we study garnet porphyroclasts from an eclogite facies mylonite (central Australia) to investigate the mechanisms by which garnet [...]
Climatic and cave setting influences on drip water fluorescent organic matter over an annual cycle in Northwestern Spain and implications for fluorescent laminations in stalagmites
Published: 2023-01-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Speleothem fluorescence may elucidate past vegetation dynamics, while microscale fluorescent laminations can provide annually resolved chronology. However, the origin of speleothem fluorescence and the mechanism responsible for the formation of micrometer scale fluorescent lamination in stalagmites, are not well constrained by monitoring studies. Here, we present results from a year-long monthly [...]
Quantifying Global-Warming Response of the Orographic Precipitation in a Typhoon Environment with Large-Eddy Simulations
Published: 2023-01-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The intense and moist winds in a tropical cyclone (TC) environment can produce strong mountain waves and substantially enhanced precipitation over complex terrain, yet few studies investigated how the orographic precipitation in a TC environment might respond to global warming. Here, we use large-eddy simulation to estimate the global warming-induced change in the precipitation over and near an [...]
EUPollMap: The European atlas of contemporary pollen distribution maps derived from an integrated Kriging interpolation approach
Published: 2023-01-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Modern and fossil pollen data are widely used in paleoenvironmental research to characterise past environmental changes in a given location. However, their discrete and discontinuous nature can limit the inferences that can be made from them. In contrasts, deriving continuous spatial maps of the pollen presence from point-based datasets would enable more robust regional characterization of such [...]
Comparing Well and Geophysical Data for Temperature Monitoring within a Bayesian Experimental Design Framework
Published: 2023-01-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management
Temperature logs are an important tool in the geothermal industry. Temperature measurements from boreholes are used for exploration, system design, and monitoring. The number of observations, however, is not always sufficient to fully determine the temperature field or explore the entire parameter space of interest. Drilling in the best locations is still difficult and expensive. It is therefore [...]
VolcashDB: Volcanic ash particle image and classification database
Published: 2023-01-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Volcanic ash provides unique pieces of information that can help understand the progress of volcanic activity at the early stages of unrest and possible transitions towards different eruptive styles. Ash contains different types of particles that are indicative of eruptive styles and magma ascent-related processes. However, classifying ash particles into its main components is not [...]
Gravity-Driven Differences in Fluvial Sediment Transport on Mars and Earth
Published: 2023-01-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
There is abundant evidence from fluvial landforms and deposits that Mars had rivers that actively transported sediment and shaped its surface. Sediment transport equations are playing a key role in quantifying river processes from these observations, which continue to increase in quality and quantity. In this study, we review sediment transport equations developed on Earth and isolate the effect [...]
Periodicity in the Deccan volcanism modulated by plume perturbations at the mid-mantle transition zone
Published: 2023-01-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In peninsular India, the Deccan Traps record massive, continental-scale volcanism in a sequence of magmatic events that mark the mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Although the Deccan volcanism is linked with the Réunion hotspot, the origin of its periodic magmatic pulses is still debated. We develop a numerical model, replicating the geodynamic scenario of the African [...]
Exacerbated ozone pollution in the greening northern China
Published: 2023-01-20
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Biogenic volatile organic compounds are vital precursors of tropospheric ozone (O3). In the past decades, northern China has witnessed the strongest enhancement of vegetation covers due to national afforestation projects; however, response of the vegetation greenness to near-surface O3 remains unclear. By integrating measurements and numerical simulations, here we show that O3 pollution in [...]
The applicability of G-BASE stream sediment geochemistry as a combined geological mapping, and prospective exploration tool for As-Co-Cu-Ni mineralisation across Cumbria, UK.
Published: 2023-01-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Multivariate Analysis, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability
Stream sediment geochemistry is a useful tool to analyse the geochemistry of the local geology within the source catchment area. This has significant applicability within the field of mineral exploration where understanding regional lithological geochemistry is needed, facilitating the identification of critical metal deposits. Successful identification of these deposits is essential to help [...]
The evolution of catchment-depositional system relationships on the dip slopes of intra-rift basement highs: an example from the Frøya High, Mid-Norwegian Rifted Margin
Published: 2023-01-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Basement highs form one of many potential sediment source areas during the evolution of continental rifts and rifted margins and add to the topographic complexity typical of active rifts. Footwall basement highs acting as a source area to sedimentary systems in the hangingwall of major faults has been documented in many systems worldwide. However, the back-tilted footwall dip slopes of such highs [...]