Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Mineral Physics

A key role for diffusion creep in eclogites: Omphacite deformation in the Zermatt-Saas Unit, Italian Alps

David Daniel McNamara, John Wheeler, Mark Pearce, et al.

Published: 2023-04-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Tectonics and Structure

Eclogites are important components of subduction-collision zones, with the mineral omphacite acting as the supporting framework mineral that accommodates the majority of any accumulated strain. As such it is important to determine which deformation mechanisms operate in omphacite during and after its formation to understand the rheology of deforming subducted crust. Such information is key to [...]

Examining the power supplied to Earth's dynamo by magnesium precipitation and radiogenic heat production

Alfred Wilson, Monica Pozzo, Chris Davies, et al.

Published: 2023-04-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences

We examine magnesium and potassium solubility in liquid Fe mixtures, representative of Earth’s core composition, in equilibrium with liquid silicate mixtures representative of an early magma ocean. Our study is based on the calculation of the chemical potentials of MgO and K2O in both phases, using density functional theory. For MgO, we also study stability against precipitation of the solid [...]

Compressibility of ferropericlase at high-temperature: evidence for the iron spin crossover in seismic tomography

Viktoria Elisabeth Trautner, Stephen Stackhouse, Alice Turner, et al.

Published: 2023-04-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Mineral Physics

The iron spin crossover in ferropericlase, the second most abundant mineral in Earth’s lower mantle, causes changes in a range of physical properties, including seismic wave velocities. Understanding the effect of temperature on the spin crossover is essential to detect its signature in seismic observations and constrain its occurrence in the mantle. Here, we report the first experimental results [...]

DiadFit: An Open-SourcePython3 Tool for Peak fitting of Raman Data from silicate melts and CO2 fluids

Penny E Wieser, Charlotte L DeVitre

Published: 2023-04-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

We present a new Open-Source Python3 tool, DiadFit, for efficient processing of Raman spectroscopy data associated with silicate melts and CO2 fluids. DiadFit can fit Fermi diads, hot bands, 13C peaks, and Ne lines using various background and peak shapes. Thus, it is highly suited for workflows involving melt inclusion vapour bubbles and fluid inclusions (FI). We include generic peak fitting [...]

Can homogeneous nucleation resolve the inner core nucleation paradox?

Alfred Wilson, Dario Alfè, Andrew Walker, et al.

Published: 2023-03-24
Subjects: Condensed Matter Physics, Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Mineral Physics, Planetary Geophysics and Seismology, Planetary Mineral Physics

Barometers behaving badly: Assessing the influence of analytical and experimental uncertainty on clinopyroxene thermobarometry calculations at crustal conditions

Penny E Wieser, Adam J Kent, Christy Till, et al.

Published: 2022-12-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Volcanology

The composition of clinopyroxene and Clinopyroxene-Liquid (Cpx-Liq) pairs are frequently used to calculate crystallization/equilibration pressures in igneous systems. While canonical uncertainties are often assigned to calculated pressures based on fits to calibration or test datasets, the sources of these uncertainties (and thus ways to reduce them) have not been rigorously assessed. We show [...]

Comparative study of alteration sequences in pegmatitic aluminium phosphates

Cassian P. F. Pirard

Published: 2022-09-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Other Earth Sciences

Aluminium phosphates are mineral phases commonly occurring in rare-element pegmatites that record initial magmatic crystallization, metasomatic and hydrothermal replacements and precipitation and low-temperature alteration. Here we perform a comparative mineralogical study between several localities to assess similarities and variations in these parageneses and establish a general alteration [...]

Characterisation of phosphate mineralogy in Montebras-en-Soumans Pegmatite, Massif Central, France

Cassian P. F. Pirard

Published: 2022-09-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics

Montebras-en-Soumans pegmatitic cupola hosts large pods of phosphate composed of primary amblygonite-montebrasite. These aluminium phosphate masses are considerably altered by post-magmatic processes producing a number of secondary metasomatic hydrothermal phosphates (lacroixite, wardite, morinite, viitaniemiite, apatite, triplite, eosphorite) and low-temperature phosphates (apatite, crandallite, [...]

Time-resolved infrared stimulated luminescence of the blue and yellow-green emissions – insights into charge recombination in chemically and structurally different alkali feldspars

Svenja Riedesel, Geoff A.T. Duller, Christina Ankjærgaard

Published: 2022-08-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Mineral Physics

Time-resolved luminescence measurements can be used to explore luminescence processes in minerals and the defects involved. It has also been applied to feldspars and knowledge has been gained regarding potential crystal defects associated with luminescence productions in these minerals, but also regarding processes governing electron-hole recombination leading to luminescence emission. Here we [...]

Probabilistic Assessment of Antarctic Thermomechanical Structure: Impacts on Ice Sheet Stability

James Alexander Nicholas Hazzard, Fred D. Richards, Saskia Goes, et al.

Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistical Methodology

Uncertainty in present-day glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) rates represents at least 44% of the total gravity-based ice mass balance signal over Antarctica. Meanwhile, physical couplings between solid Earth, sea level and ice dynamics enhance the dependency of the spatiotemporally varying GIA signal on three-dimensional variations in mantle rheology. Improved knowledge of thermomechanical [...]

CCC - integrated multiscale study of salt cavern abandonment in the Netherlands

Tobias S. Baumann, Pierre Bérest, Benoit Brouard, et al.

Published: 2022-03-24
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Materials Science and Engineering, Mineral Physics, Mining Engineering, Other Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure

The KEM-17 project of the Dutch State Supervision of Mines presented a critical review of concepts of cavern abandonment and related science. It recommended that analyses of cavern abandonment are done as an integrated project, addressing (i) micro-scale physical processes, (ii) cavern scale models based on field scale experiments and numerical models, (iii) the salt dome scale, to model the far [...]

Thermochemical structure and evolution of cratonic lithosphere in central and southern Africa

Juan Carlos Afonso, Walid Ben Mansour, Suzanne Y O’Reilly, et al.

Published: 2021-12-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geophysics and Seismology, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure

The thermochemical structure of the subcontinental mantle holds information on its origin and evolution that can inform energy and mineral exploration strategies, natural hazard mitigation and evolutionary models of the Earth. However, imaging the fine-scale thermochemical structure of continental lithosphere remains a major challenge. Here we combine multiple land and satellite datasets via [...]

Reproducibility in subsurface geoscience

Michael J. Steventon, Christopher Aiden-Lee Jackson, Mark Ireland, et al.

Published: 2021-10-26
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Cosmochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Education, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Hydrology, Mineral Physics, Natural Resource Economics, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Paleobiology, Paleontology, Sedimentology, Soil Science, Speleology, Stratigraphy, Sustainability, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology, Water Resource Management

Reproducibility, the extent to which consistent results are obtained when an experiment or study is repeated, sits at the foundation of science. The aim of this process is to produce robust findings and knowledge, with reproducibility being the screening tool to benchmark how well we are implementing the scientific method. However, the re-examination of results from many disciplines has caused [...]

Improving the reliability of Fe- and S-XANES measurements in silicate glasses: Correcting beam damage and identifying Fe-oxide nanolites in hydrous and anhydrous melt inclusions

Allan Lerner, Michelle Muth, Paul Wallace, et al.

Published: 2021-10-19
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

The redox state of silicate melts influences crystallization, element partitioning, and degassing behavior. Synchrotron-based micro-X-ray absorption near edge structure (μXANES) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful tool for determining redox conditions through the direct measurement of speciation of multivalent elements such as iron and sulfur in silicate glasses. In particular, the high [...]

An anisotropic equation of state for high pressure, high temperature applications

Robert Myhill

Published: 2021-09-25
Subjects: Condensed Matter Physics, Geophysics and Seismology, Materials Science and Engineering, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Geophysics and Seismology, Planetary Mineral Physics

This paper presents a strategy for consistently extending isotropic equations of state to model anisotropic materials over a wide range of pressures and temperatures under nearly hydrostatic conditions. The method can be applied to materials of arbitrary symmetry. The paper provides expressions for the deformation gradient tensor, the lattice parameters, the isothermal elastic compliance tensor [...]

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