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Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Global 1km Land Surface Parameters for Kilometer-Scale Earth System Modeling

Lingcheng Li, Gautam Bisht, Dalei Hao, et al.

Published: 2023-06-28
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Climate, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Earth system models (ESMs) are progressively advancing towards the kilometer scale (k-scale). However, the surface parameters for Land Surface Models (LSMs) within ESMs running at the k-scale are typically derived from coarse resolution and outdated datasets. This study aims to develop a new set of global land surface parameters with a resolution of 1 km for multiple years from 2001 to 2020, [...]

Subseasonal Variability of U.S. Coastal Sea Level from MJO and ENSO Teleconnection Interference

Marybeth Arcodia, Emily Becker, Ben P. Kirtman

Published: 2023-06-27
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Climate variability affects sea levels as certain climate modes can accelerate or decelerate the rising sea level trend, but subseasonal variability of coastal sea levels is under-explored. This study is the first to investigate how remote tropical forcing from the MJO and ENSO impact subseasonal U.S. coastal sea level variability. Here, composite analyses using tide gauge data from six coastal [...]

Projected Changes in Hot, Dry and Compound Hot-Dry Extremes over Global Land Regions

Paolo De Luca, Markus G. Donat

Published: 2023-06-10
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The impacts of hot, dry and compound hot-dry extremes are significant for societies, economies and ecosystems worldwide. Such events therefore need to be assessed in the light of anthropogenic climate change so that suitable adaptation measures can be implemented by governments and stakeholders. Here we show a comprehensive analysis of hot, dry and compound hot-dry extremes over global land [...]

Assessment of Oceanographic Conditions during the North Atlantic EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) Field Campaign

Leah Johnson, David Siegel, Andrew Thompson, et al.

Published: 2023-06-07
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

This manuscript presents an overview of NASA’s EXport Processes in the Ocean from Remote Sensing 2021 Field Campaign in the North Atlantic (EXPORTS NA) and provides quantitative and dynamical descriptions of the physical processes modulating water transformations during the study. A major programmatic goal was to conduct the sampling in a Lagrangian mode so that ocean ecological and [...]

Assessing Decadal Variability of Subseasonal Forecasts of Opportunity using Explainable AI

Marybeth Arcodia, Elizabeth A Barnes, Kirsten Mayer, et al.

Published: 2023-06-07
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Identifying predictable states of the climate system allows for enhanced prediction skill on the generally low-skill subseasonal timescale via forecasts with higher confidence and accuracy, known as forecasts of opportunity. This study takes a neural network approach to explore decadal variability of subseasonal predictability, particularly during forecasts of opportunity. Specifically, this work [...]

California margin temperatures modulate regional circulation and extreme summer precipitation in the desert Southwest

Tripti Bhattacharya, Ran Feng, Chris Maupin, et al.

Published: 2023-06-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

In August 2022, Death Valley, the driest place in North America, experienced record flooding from summertime rainfall associated with the North American monsoon (NAM). Given the socioeconomic cost of these type of events, there is a dire need to understand their drivers and future statistics. Existing theory predicts that increases in the intensity of precipitation is a robust response to [...]

Evolution of lake surface temperatures of high-altitude lakes in the European Alpine region under climate change

Katharina Enigl, Rainer Kurmayer

Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Lake Surface Temperature (LST) is a key characteristic that reflects meteorological and climatological influences on lakes. In general, there is limited LST data from high elevation lakes available as these areas are remote and not part of regular monitoring programs. Nonetheless, it is crucial to understand their response to climate warming for the development of effective management strategies [...]

Maxar’s WorldView-3 Enables Low-Concentration Methane Detection from Space

Andreas Hayden, Joseph Christy

Published: 2023-05-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Methane is large contributor to climate change; for this reason, detecting and eliminating sources of methane emissions is a key element to minimizing the effects of on-going climate change. While there are a variety of methods currently used to detect methane emissions, ranging from ground-based sensors to aerial sensors like drones and aircraft, satellite detections provide a broad-area [...]

Inferring Inherent Optical Properties of Sea Ice Using 360-Degree Camera Radiance Measurements

Raphaël Larouche, Bastian Raulier, Christian Katlein, et al.

Published: 2023-05-18
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Optics, Physics

In this work, we demonstrate the utilization of a compact, consumer-grade 360-degree camera for measuring the in-ice spectral angular radiance distribution. This novel technique allows for the instantaneous acquisition of all radiometric quantities at a given depth with a non-intrusive probe. This gives the opportunity to monitor the light field structure (mean cosines) from the atmosphere to the [...]

Different mechanisms of Arctic first-year sea-ice ridge consolidation observed during the MOSAiC expedition

Evgenii Salganik, Benjamin Allen Lange, Polona Itkin, et al.

Published: 2023-05-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Sea-ice ridges constitute a large fraction of the ice volume in the Arctic Ocean, yet we know little about the evolution of these ice masses. Here we examine the thermal and morphological evolution of an Arctic first-year sea-ice ridge, from its formation to advanced melt. Initially the mean keel depth was 5.6 m and mean sail height was 0.7 m. The initial rubble macroporosity (fraction of [...]

Pushing the Nyquist-Shannon limit: exploiting multi-fidelity observations to provide high-resolution weather maps for climate services, early warning centres and weather forecasts

Daniëlle van Beekvelt, Irene Garcia-Marti, Jouke H.S. de Baar

Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

The pursue of a higher-resolution gridded climate data and weather forecast requires an unprecedented number of surface observations to model the sub-mesoscale. National meteorological services (NMS) have practical and financial limitations to the number of observations it can collect, therefore, opening the door to crowdsourced weather initiatives might be an interesting option to mitigate data [...]

Calling for a National Model Benchmarking Facility

Benjamin Lyle Ruddell, Martyn Clark, Jessica M Driscoll, et al.

Published: 2023-04-14
Subjects: Biology, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences, Life Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Life Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences, Systems Biology

The modern world uses predictive computer models for many important purposes, including weather predictions, epidemic management, flood forecasting and warnings, and economic policymaking. We need to know how much we can trust the projections of these models, not only to achieve more accurate projections for systems, but also to undertake scientific learning about systems by incrementally testing [...]

Impact of Climate Change on Mangrove Dependent Livelihoods through Climate Justice Lens in Lamu County, Kenya

SOLOMON NJENGA (Mr)., Dan Olago, Evans Kituyi, et al.

Published: 2023-04-14
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Majority of Lamu people depend on mangrove and fishery for trade and livelihood. However, their livelihood is now threatened by climate change which is increasingly becoming a local threat in the region. Due to destructive impacts of climate change on mangroves ecosystem, most of mangrove traders and fisherfolk in Lamu Kenya have seen their source of livelihood shrinking day by day. The study [...]

Spatio-temporal variability of small-scale leads based on helicopter winter sea ice surface temperatures

Linda Thielke, Gunnar Spreen, Marcus Huntemann, et al.

Published: 2023-04-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Surface temperature is crucial in studying the Arctic climate, particularly during winter. We examine 1 m resolution surface temperature maps of 35 helicopter flights between 02 October 2019 and 23 April 2020, recorded during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The seasonal cycle of the average surface temperature spans from 265.6 K on 02 October [...]

Sea ice concentration satellite retrievals influenced by surface changes due to warm air intrusions: A case study from the MOSAiC expedition.

Janna Elisabeth Rückert, Philip Rostosky, Marcus Huntemann, et al.

Published: 2023-03-24
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Warm air intrusions over Arctic sea ice can rapidly change the snow and ice surface conditions and can alter sea ice concentration (SIC) estimates derived from satellite- based microwave radiometry without altering the true SIC. Here we focus on two warm moist air intrusions that produced surface glazing during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate [...]

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