Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Volcanology

New constraints from Central Chile on the origins of enriched continental compositions in thick-crusted arc magmas

Penny E Wieser, Stephen Judson Turner, Tamsin A Mather, et al.

Published: 2018-10-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Magmas from continental arcs built on thick crust have elevated incompatible element abundances and “enriched” radiogenic isotope ratios compared to magmas erupted in island and continental arcs overlying thinner crust. The relative influence of the slab, mantle, and upper plate on this variability is heavily debated. The Andean Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ; 33-46° S) is an ideal setting to [...]

Overpressure Transfer Through Interconnected Igneous Intrusions

Nick Schofield, Simon Paul Holford, Alex Edwards, et al.

Published: 2018-10-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology

Paper looking at the transference of overpressure through interconnected igneous intrusions within sedimentary basins. The manuscript highlights the current under-recognized hazard in both scientific and hydrocarbon drilling in vicinity of subsurface igneous complexes.

Disruption of Long-Term Effusive-Explosive Activity at Santiaguito, Guatemala

Oliver Lamb, Anthony Lamur, Alejandro Díax-Moreno, et al.

Published: 2018-10-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Rapid transitions in eruptive activity during lava dome eruptions pose significant challenges for monitoring and hazard assessment efforts. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic evolution of active lava dome systems requires extensive multi-parametric datasets to fully constrain and understand rapid shifts in eruptive behavior, but few such datasets have been compiled. The Santiaguito lava [...]

Volcanic-plutonic parity and the differentiation of the continental crust

C. Brenhin Keller, Blair Schoene, Melanie Barboni, et al.

Published: 2018-10-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

The continental crust is central to the biological and geological history of Earth. However, crustal heterogeneity has prevented a thorough geochemical comparison of its primary igneous building blocks – volcanic and plutonic rocks – and the processes by which they differentiate to felsic compositions. Our analysis of a comprehensive global dataset of volcanic and plutonic whole-rock geochemistry [...]

A stochastic sampling approach to zircon eruption age interpretation

C. Brenhin Keller, Blair Schoene, Kyle M. Samperton

Published: 2018-10-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

The accessory mineral zircon is widely used to constrain the timing of igneous processes such as magma crystallization or eruption. However, zircon U-Pb ages record zircon crystallization, which is not an instantaneous process. Zircon saturation calculations link zircon crystallization, temperature, and melt fraction, allowing for the estimation of zircon crystallization distributions as a [...]

Statistics and segmentation: Using Big Data to assess Cascades Arc compositional variability

Bradley William Pitcher, Adam J Kent

Published: 2018-09-24
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Multivariate Analysis, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability, Volcanology

Primitive lavas erupted in the Cascades arc of western North America demonstrate significant patterns of along-arc heterogeneity. Such compositional diversity may be the result of differences in mantle melting processes, subduction geometry, regional tectonics, or compositions of the slab, mantle or overlying lithosphere. Previous authors have partitioned the arc into four geochemically distinct [...]

Complex and cascading triggering of submarine landslides and turbidity currents at volcanic islands revealed from integration of high-resolution onshore and offshore surveys

Michael Andrew Clare, Timothy Le Bas, David Price, et al.

Published: 2018-09-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Volcanology

Submerged flanks of volcanic islands are prone to hazards including submarine landslides that may trigger damaging tsunamis and fast-moving sediment-laden seafloor flows (turbidity currents) that break critical seafloor infrastructure. Small Island Developing States are particularly vulnerable to these hazards due to their remote and isolated nature, small size, high population densities and weak [...]

The different character of the recent eruptions of Galápagos shield volcanoes (Ecuador): La Cumbre vs. Sierra Negra

Francisco Vasconez, Patricio Ramón, Stephen Hernandez, et al.

Published: 2018-08-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

In the last year, two Galápagos volcanoes had shown eruptive activity. The three observed eruptions produced multiple lava flows along eruptive fissures and vents covering several square kilometers. After eight years of quiescence, La Cumbre volcano, Fernandina Island experienced two short-lived eruptions, on 4 September 2017 and 16 June 2018. The eruptions were characterized by very short [...]

Shark-fins: overturned patterns linked to shear instabilities at the flow-bed boundary. Examples from the deposits of the 2006 pyroclastic currents at Tungurahua volcano (Ecuador)

Guilhem Amin Douillet, Quentin Chaffaut, Fritz Schlunegger, et al.

Published: 2018-08-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Volcanology

Enigmatic structures grouped under the term "shark-fins" are documented in laminated deposits of pyroclastic currents. They consist of an overturning of a few laminae on a decimeter scale, forming overbent "flames" or convolute laminae, which occur in successive, periodic patterns. More than 200 shark-fins were investigated and measured in cross-laminated deposits from the 2006 pyroclastic [...]

Pyroclastic dune bedforms: macroscale structures and lateral variations. Examples from the 2006 pyroclastic currents at Tungurahua (Ecuador)

Guilhem Amin Douillet, Benjamin Bernard, Mélanie Bouysson, et al.

Published: 2018-08-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Volcanology

Pyroclastic currents are catastrophic flows of gas and particles triggered by explosive volcanic eruptions. For much of their dynamics, they behave as particulate density currents and share similarities with turbidity currents. Pyroclastic currents occasionally deposit dune bedforms with peculiar lamination patterns, from what is thought to represent the dilute low concentration and [...]

The Dark Geo-Cultural Heritage of Volcanoes: Combining Cultural and Geoheritage Perspectives for Mututal Benefit

Jazmin Paris Scarlett, Felix Riede

Published: 2018-06-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

It is now widely accepted that vulnerability is in part culturally and historically contingent. Similarly, geoheritage cannot be readily disentangled from cultural values and cultural heritage given that the assignment of value to a given geosite is conducted in the present and that many if not most geosites are also sites of culture-historical significance. Vice versa, most tangible cultural [...]

Field evidence for the lateral emplacement of igneous dykes: Implications for 3D mechanical models and the plumbing beneath fissure eruptions.

David Healy, Roberto Emanuele Rizzo, Marcus Duffy, et al.

Published: 2018-06-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology

Seismological and geodetic data from modern volcanic systems strongly suggest that magma is transported significant distance (tens of kilometres) in the subsurface away from central volcanic vents. Geological evidence for lateral emplacement preserved within exposed dykes includes aligned fabrics of vesicles and phenocrysts, striations on wall rocks and the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. [...]

Vibrational modes of hydraulic fractures: Inference of fracture geometry from resonant frequencies and attenuation

Bradley Lipovsky, Eric M Dunham

Published: 2018-05-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Oscillatory seismic signals arising from resonant vibrations of hydraulic fractures are observed in many geologic systems, including volcanoes, glaciers and ice sheets, and hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoirs. To better quantify the physical dimensions of fluid‐filled cracks and properties of the fluids within them, we study wave motion along a thin hydraulic fracture waveguide. We present a [...]

Time scales of shallow magma chamber replenishment at Campi Flegrei caldera.

Chiara Paola Montagna, Paolo Papale

Published: 2018-05-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Ascent of primitive magmas from depth into shallow, partially degassed reservoirs is commonly assumed to be a viable eruption trigger. The resulting processes of convection and mixing have played an important role both in pre- and syn-eruptive stages in many eruptions of different sizes at the unrest Campi Flegrei caldera in Southern Italy. We performed numerical simulations of magma chamber [...]

Extrusion dynamics of deep-water volcanoes

Qiliang Sun, Christopher Aiden-Lee Jackson, Craig Magee, et al.

Published: 2018-05-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Submarine volcanism accounts for c. 75% of the Earths volcanic activity. Yet difficulties with imaging their exteriors and interiors mean the extrusion dynamics and erupted volumes of deep water volcanoes remain poorly understood. Here, we use high-resolution 3-D seismic reflection data to examine the external and internal geometry, and extrusion dynamics of two Late Miocene-Quaternary, [...]

search

You can search by:

  • Title
  • Keywords
  • Author Name
  • Author Affiliation