Preprints
There are 5068 Preprints listed.
Multiregional accounting of corporate carbon emissions
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sustainability
Corporations routinely use environmentally-extended input-output models to estimate and report greenhouse gas emissions upstream in their supply chain. However, the most widely used of such models assume that the structure of supply chains and the emissions intensity of industries match those of a single region—usually the U.S. or the U.K. Here, we use a high-resolution multiregional input-output [...]
HydroSuite-AI: Facilitating Hydrological Research with LLM-Driven Code Assistance
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Computational Engineering, Computer Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Science and Mathematics Education, Systems and Communications
In the hydrology and environmental domains, researchers often encounter complex hydrological models, evolving frameworks and libraries, and complex documentation, which necessitate both domain knowledge and coding expertise. This paper introduces HydroSuite-AI, a large language model-enhanced web application designed to address these challenges by integrating three open-source libraries: [...]
AI-Assisted Educational Framework for Floodplain Manager Certification: Enhancing Vocational Education and Training Through Personalized Learning
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Education, Engineering
Floodplain management is critical for mitigating flood risks and safeguarding communities. The FloodPlain Manager (FPM) certification is essential for professionals in this field, but current preparation methods often fall short in providing comprehensive, accessible, and engaging study resources. This research introduces a novel AI-assisted educational tool designed specifically for FPM [...]
Decoding sub-seasonal drivers of extreme heat with interpretable machine learning
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
As climate change accelerates, heat waves are becoming more frequent, intense, and deadly. Enhancing predictive capabilities through a better understanding of sub-seasonal drivers of extreme heat is crucial for adaptation efforts. This study utilizes an interpretable machine learning model, implementing Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), to evaluate the [...]
Self Super-Resolution of Time-Separated Multispectral Bands
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Engineering, Signal Processing
The usual system design compromise in high resolution satellites is to have a higher spatial resolution panchromatic (PAN) channel with 3 or 4 lower spatial resolution multispectral (MX) channels and generate a high spatial & spectral resolution prod- uct on ground by making use of the fusion techniques. Since the telescopes of such systems are designed to cater to modulation transfer [...]
VolcAshDB – A global database of volcanic ash particles
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Geology, Volcanology
Volcanic ash is made of particles smaller than 2 mm and is produced during volcanic eruptions. Studying the properties of volcanic ash is key for a range of applications, including volcano monitoring. However, given the large variety of textures, colors, and shapes of particles from different eruptions and volcanoes it is challenging to classify them in a reproducible and systematic manner. Here, [...]
Design and Implementation of an Advanced Glacier Lake Outburst Flood Early Warning System (GLOF EWS) Using LoRa IoT devices
Published: 2024-11-25
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Systems and Communications
This paper describes the creation and deployment of a Disaster Early Warning System (DEWS) designed to detect Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs). This system is a Comprehensive Integrated dIsaster pRevention Configuration (CIIRC)that has been built to withstand sub-zero temperatures and harsh weather conditions while displaying durability and resilience. GLOFs pose a significant risk to [...]
Minibasin dynamics control sediment dispersal on a salt-detached slope: examples from the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Published: 2024-11-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Tectonics and Structure
Basal welds can halt the downslope translation of minibasins on salt-detached slopes, commonly giving rise to shortening and extension, updip and downdip, respectively, of the obstructed minibasins. How minibasin obstruction influences seafloor topography and thus deep-water sediment dispersal has not been previously investigated, despite it being an important control on hydrocarbon reservoir [...]
Petrological characterisation of magma storage
Published: 2024-11-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Magma storage modulates the explosivity, frequency, and impact of volcanic eruptions, and controls the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal mineral deposits. The architecture of magma storage and plumbing systems, and their eruption triggering mechanisms, are inaccessible to direct observation in active volcanoes. However, they can be accessed through the study of products of volcanic eruptions: [...]
Microplastic transport and settling in the ocean: an interactive online teaching model to communicate scaling in environmental pollution
Published: 2024-11-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Education, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics, Science and Mathematics Education
Microplastics pervade the sea surface, the water column, and the deep seafloor. They are vectors for other pollutants, such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. A question remains as to how microplastics reach the seabed, over what time scales, and where they will end up. Many plastics initially float due to their low density, or to being incorporated into items with air cavities, [...]
A decadal survey of the near-surface seismic velocity response to hydrological variations in Utah, United States
Published: 2024-11-21
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology
Ongoing climate change leads to an increase in prolonged drought and severe weather events in the United States, particularly pronounced in semi-arid regions such as the western United States. It could have lasting social and environmental impacts. Continuous monitoring of near-surface hydrological processes and groundwater resources will provide helpful information for effective water resource [...]
Towards centimeter precision SAR-RFID localization
Published: 2024-11-20
Subjects: Engineering, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) shows great potential for earth-sciences applications, notably for landslide surface monitoring at a high spatio-temporal resolution with long-term robustness to meteorological events (rain, fog, snow). The ability to localize RFID tags using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) approach, would offer new possibilites for [...]
Oligocene – Miocene Tectono-Stratigraphic Development of the Southern Levant Basin, Eastern Mediterranean
Published: 2024-11-20
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
The Levant Basin, Eastern Mediterranean, has a complex geological history. The separation of Africa from Arabia, and the collision of the latter with Eurasia during the Oligocene – Miocene had significant implications for the tectono-stratigraphy of the region, as recorded in the thick, siliciclastic-dominated sequence preserved in the Levant Basin. Previous studies mostly focused on either [...]
Granular column collapse: Analysing the effects of gravity levels
Published: 2024-11-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering
Creep Deformation of Ice-Rich Silty Permafrost Under the Interactive Effects of Solid Fraction, Temperature, and Axial Stress
Published: 2024-11-19
Subjects: Engineering
Permafrost degradation influences permafrost’s creep deformation and stability, posing challenges for existing and future civil infrastructure in cold regions. The secondary creep rate is the controlling parameter for the design of civil projects. Solid fraction, temperature, and axial stress may interactively affect creep deformation rate of ice-rich silty permafrost; yet their interactive [...]