Preprints
There are 7898 Preprints listed.
Environmental sustainability studies in US hospitals from 2015-2025: A scoping review of geographic and clinical trends
Published: 2026-10-23
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The healthcare sector is responsible for an estimated 8% of the United States’(US) total greenhouse gas emissions, and the US is one of the largest global carbon emitters, responsible for an estimated quarter of all global healthcare emissions. The primary objectives of this scoping review are to understand geographic, medical specialty, pre/post-pandemic publishing trends, and major research [...]
Species distribution modelling of three Aacia species in the Negev Desert: predicting future range shifts and identifying climatic drivers
Published: 2026-10-23
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Climate change is intensifying aridity across desert regions, causing ecological stress and threatening the stability of arid ecosystems. As keystone species are central to ecosystem functioning, predicting shifts in their distribution can provide important insight into broader ecological change. In the Negev Desert, Acacia populations have experienced widespread declines attributed to reduced [...]
Pedogenic magnetic enhancement in a Latossolo Vermelho (Oxisol) formed on slate in the Brazilian Cerrado: an integrated record of repeated wetting–drying cycles
Published: 2026-10-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seasonal wetting–drying cycles in tropical soils can drive redox reactions that control the formation and transformation of ferrimagnetic iron oxides. In the profile-scale case study, we investigated a well-drained, clayey Latossolo Vermelho (Oxisol/ Ferralsol) developed on weakly magnetic slate in the Brazilian Cerrado. The profile was sampled to 190 cm depth in the dry season (July 2023) and at [...]
Observational uncertainty is the primary source of climate uncertainty in impacts projections
Published: 2026-10-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geography
Projections of future climate damages underpin environmental policy and risk management but depend on inherently uncertain climate data. Uncertainty in historical climate observations, used to train impact models and calibrate climate projections to the observed record, is rarely considered. We show this “observational uncertainty” contributes more than the spread across or within global climate [...]
Robust Regional Predictability of North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones on Seasonal Timescale
Published: 2026-10-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are intermittent extreme weather events, yet their seasonal occurrence can be constrained by slowly varying climate variability and regional predictability remains poorly understood. Using 44 years of May-initialized ensemble hindcasts, we show robust seasonal predictability of North Atlantic TC track density across two prediction systems with contrasting resolutions: [...]
The Dynamics of Nonlinear Triads of Rossby-Haurwitz and Gravity Shallow Water Waves on the Sphere
Published: 2026-10-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding the interplay between nonlinearity and multiple scales is one of the cornerstones of geophysical fluids and climate modelling. Nonlinear interactions between atmospheric waves of disparate scales, from fast inertia-gravity waves to slow planetary-scale Rossby-Haurwitz waves, are central to energy cascades and to low-frequency phenomena. Yet, they remain poorly understood beyond [...]
Previously undetected disturbances are the dominant driver of carbon loss in protected Amazonian forests
Published: 2026-10-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Forest Management, Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Remote Sensing, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Amazonian forests face increasing pressures from human-induced deforestation and degradation, compounded by natural disturbances such as droughts and windthrow events. In response, forest protection policies strengthened and formalised large protected areas and Indigenous lands, now covering 43% of the region. However, clearings and degradation in these protected areas are complex and hard to [...]
Satellite-based Assessment of Continuous and Episodic Flaring Regimes across Major Oil and Gas-producing Basins
Published: 2026-10-22
Subjects: Oil, Gas, and Energy, Remote Sensing
Gas flaring wastes valuable natural gas while emitting large amounts of harmful air pollutants; however, existing flare inventories rarely distinguish the operational behavior across various basins and fuel types, namely oil- and gas-associated flaring.This limits their value for targeted mitigation efforts. Here, we present a satellite-based classification framework for characterizing flaring [...]
From rifting to collision: deep closure of a Wilson cycle during the Archean–Paleoproterozoic transition at the Carajás-Bacajá boundary, Amazonian Craton
Published: 2026-10-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Tectonics and Structure
The Carajás-Bacajá boundary preserves complementary archives of continental rifting, passive-margin development, subduction, collision and post-collisional exhumation across the Archean-Paleoproterozoic transition. We present whole-rock lithogeochemistry, Sm-Nd isotopes, U-Pb zircon geochronology and thermobarometry from the Vila Santa Fé-Rio Preto association, a mafic-felsic granulitic [...]
Decoupling ore formation, ductile fabric and hydrothermal upgrading in the giant Salobo IOCG deposit, Carajás Province, Brazil
Published: 2026-10-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Tectonics and Structure
The Salobo deposit is the largest Cu-Au deposit of the Carajás Mineral Province, northern Brazil, and is hosted by altered volcanosedimentary schists of the Itacaiúnas Supergroup along the Cinzento Lineament. Multiscale structural analysis, mineral chemistry and published geochronology define four structural families: Pre-Dn, Dn, Dn+1 and Dn+2. The Pre-Dn event comprises high-temperature K, K-Fe [...]
A 400 Myr subduction memory in the mid-ocean ridge source
Published: 2026-10-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The upper mantle sampled by mid-ocean ridges carries the volatile imprint of past subduction, but the global distribution of hydration through time and how long that imprint survives mixing and melt extraction are poorly known. We investigate the history of mantle hydration by calculating where and when hydration occurred using a plate reconstruction model of subducted water over the past 410 [...]
A retrodictive theory of the origin of the Moon: a secondary circumterrestrial disk redistributed by the retrograde flyby of a rocky planet
Published: 2026-10-21
Subjects: Astrophysics and Astronomy, Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Geochemistry, Planetary Geology, Planetary Sciences, The Sun and the Solar System
The Moon is a datum, and the question is retrodictive: which physical pathways lead to it without a giant impact? The pathway examined starts from a young, hot proto-Earth, soft but never liquid, flattened and inflated by a 6 h rotation, surrounded by a disk of material that has not yet formed a satellite. A second rocky planet, planet B, passes close to the Earth against its rotation, without [...]
Mantle, lithospheric and crustal controls on large igneous province magmatism: petrogenesis of the Antrim Lava Group, North Atlantic Igneous Province
Published: 2026-10-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Volcanology
Continental large igneous province (LIP) volcanism is the result of long-lived interactions between mantle plumes, lithospheric topography, ascending melts, and crustal lithologies. Disentangling the competing effects of such factors is required to understand the petrogenesis of LIP magmas and ultimately the controls on their geochemical and isotopic diversity and on ore-forming processes. The [...]
A Spatiotemporal Dataset of Urban Water Distribution Schedules
Published: 2026-10-21
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Water Resource Management
Urban water supply in several rapidly growing cities in Latin America is managed through intermittent distribution schedules rather than continuous service, often in response to drought or water scarcity conditions. However, these practices are unevenly documented, and publicly available information is largely limited to cities where water authorities disclose distribution schedules. As a result, [...]
Random-split validation overstates the skill of machine-learning models of global coral bleaching severity
Published: 2026-10-21
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Marine Biology, Oceanography, Statistical Methodology
Global compilations of coral bleaching surveys are increasingly used to train machine-learning models of bleaching severity, but such models are often evaluated with random train–test splits that ignore duplicated records, spatial dependence and differences among contributing survey programmes. We re-examined an earlier analysis of the Global Coral Bleaching Database (BCO-DMO dataset 773466) that [...]