Preprints
There are 7488 Preprints listed.
Space-based InSAR with sub-daily temporal baselines
Published: 2026-08-28
Subjects: Aerospace Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) underpins the Surface Deformation and Change observable prioritized by the 2018 decadal survey, yet the temporal sampling of current assets aliases many transient geophysical processes. For single-satellite repeat-pass InSAR, satellite orbits accommodate temporal baselines at integer nodal day intervals down to a single nodal day. Processes that [...]
System openness governs detectable signals of enhanced rock weathering in soils: a global meta-analysis
Published: 2026-08-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Substantial heterogeneity in enhanced rock weathering (ERW) outcomes is often attributed to dissolution controls. However, we show that experimental boundary conditions – especially system openness – provide a primary explanation because dissolution products can be redistributed or exported beyond the sampled pool. We synthesise 81 peer-reviewed ERW studies (205 comparisons) using [...]
Topographic control on ice anisotropy in Antarctic ice rises inferred from phase-sensitive radar
Published: 2026-08-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Raymond effect within ice rises and underneath ice divides of ice sheets arises from the non-linear rheology of the ice and steady-flow conditions. The resulting Raymond arches seen in radargrams have been associated with crystal orientation fabric (COF) that produces ice optical anisotropy, detectable with radar. We use data collected with a phase-sensitive radar across two ice rises, [...]
Global Power Outage Detection at the Kilometer Scale from Satellite Nighttime Lights
Published: 2026-08-28
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Human Geography, Nature and Society Relations, Power and Energy, Public Health, Remote Sensing
Satellite nighttime light observations show great promise for remote sensing of power outages, yet have only been utilized in limited case studies to date. Here, we present generalized detection of power outages across the globe at ~1-kilometer resolution. Our method, the Outage frameWork for Luminosity Interruptions (OWL-I), reveals the power outages can be reliably detected from VIIRS/Black [...]
A Reduced-Order Dynamical Model for the Ignition of Diver-Induced Cohesive Silt-Out on Sloping Beds
Published: 2026-08-28
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Dynamical Systems, Dynamic Systems, Non-linear Dynamics, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Ordinary Differential Equations and Applied Dynamics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A downward fin thrust near a cohesive seabed lofts sediment. Whether this cloud settles or organizes into a self-sustaining down-slope current determines if a diver loses visibility briefly or catastrophically. We reduce the layer-averaged balances of fluid mass, sediment mass, and momentum to a temporal slab of fixed thickness in the weakly entraining limit. This yields an autonomous planar [...]
Biological Dynamics for Sustainable Carbon Sequestration
Published: 2026-08-27
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biology, Climate, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Forest Management, Planetary Biogeochemistry
Earth’s atmosphere is shaped by the interplay of biological systems operating across interlinked biogeochemical cycles and, more recently, by anthropogenic emissions. Here, we thoroughly examine the potential for engineering biological systems across ecosystems for sustainable carbon storage. This centralization and comparative analysis of the potential of all key global ecosystems aims to [...]
Automated karst spring catchment approximation for discharge modelling
Published: 2026-08-27
Subjects: Hydrology
Karst spring discharge modelling is complicated by the limited availability of hydrogeologically delineated catchments, particularly in large-sample applications. We present an automated approach to approximate karst spring catchments from discharge, gridded recharge, and topography and evaluate its suitability for discharge modelling at 63 springs across the wider Alpine region. Recharge-area [...]
Simplified heat budgets can yield misleading diagnoses of ocean temperature change
Published: 2026-08-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Temporal changes in upper ocean temperature (𝑇) are crucial indicators of climate variability, change, and its environmental impacts. Ocean heat budgets (OHBs) used to understand these changes are a standard tool across multiple disciplines, but the vast majority of OHBs in published research rely on approximations that are rarely documented and tested. Here, we use output from the CESM2 model to [...]
Probabilistic assessment of tropical cyclone recovery burden across US Atlantic and Gulf Coast counties
Published: 2026-08-27
Subjects: Climate, Other Earth Sciences
Tropical cyclones cause widespread damage to housing and infrastructure, and recovery is often slow and uneven. Climate risk assessments quantify the likelihood and direct impacts of extreme events, but post-disaster recovery remains largely absent from these models, limiting our ability to assess long-term resilience. We therefore integrate simplified recovery modeling into probabilistic [...]
Maternal and neonatal vulnerability in a flood-prone area: a mixed-methods study in Agbétiko canton, Togo
Published: 2026-08-27
Subjects: Public Health
Flooding is increasingly recognised as a determinant of maternal and neonatal health in low-resource settings, yet the mechanisms by which it disrupts access to obstetric care remain poorly documented in West Africa. This mixed-methods study examined whether the flood season constitutes a period of heightened vulnerability for obstetric care access in the rural canton of Agbétiko, Togo. A [...]
Physics-informed LSTMs improve streamflow prediction when storage–discharge dynamics are temporally resolved
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Engineering
Flood prediction at sub-daily resolution requires models that are accurate and physically plausible beyond observed conditions. We augment a per-basin Long Short-Term Memory network with a linear reservoir constraint (Q = KS), embedding storage-discharge dynamics as a soft physics loss, and evaluate it in hourly and daily streamflow-prediction experiments across New Zealand and Great Britain. At [...]
Multi-Scale Pixel and Slope-Unit Landslide Susceptibility Mapping with Applicability-Domain Validation: Evidence from the Karnali Highway Corridor, Western Nepal
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Engineering
Landslides along Himalayan Road corridors cause repeated loss of life and prolonged disruption of access, yet susceptibility products for these settings rarely report how far their predictions can be trusted away from the training data. This study maps landslide susceptibility for the Karnali Highway (NH 58) corridor in western Nepal (about 2,155 km2) and pairs the map with an explicit [...]
Desert pavements stabilise arid vegetation patterns
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Desert Ecology, Earth Sciences, Geomorphology
Some vegetation patterns have aridity-dependent morphology. On low-angle arid hillslopes, vegetation organises into bands which follow topographic contours. Terraces emerge with these bands due to vegetation’s drag on sediment-laden runoff, creating a topographic signature of life diagnostic of precipitation rate. Another widespread feature of arid environments is desert pavement, surficial [...]
Data Test of a Hydro-Kinematic State Graph for Landslide Forecasting
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geomorphology, Statistics and Probability
A graph model can make landslide-monitoring relationships explicit, but a graph is not automatically more informative than a well-regularized time-series model. This study tests that distinction on the publicly released Lamosano landslide record from northeastern Italy. The processed dataset contains 161 observations of 11-day horizontal InSAR differential displacement and rainfall from 10 April [...]
RainCheck Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Gridded Precipitation Dataset Performance at Continental Scale
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Gridded rainfall products are indispensable for water resource management, agricultural monitoring, and disaster risk reduction across Africa, yet no systematic synthesis of their performance has been conducted. We present RainCheck Africa: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis of 72 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025 evaluating satellite, reanalysis, and [...]