Preprints
There are 7620 Preprints listed.
Spatial Coupling of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Vegetation Activity, Groundwater Nitrate Occurrence, and Soil Environments Across Denmark: A 5-km Spatial Association and Soil-Stratified Analysis
Published: 2026-09-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Integrated environmental assessment increasingly requires the joint analysis of atmospheric emissions, vegetation dynamics, groundwater quality, and soil context rather than isolated thematic mapping. We developed a Denmark-wide 5-km analytical grid in EPSG:25832 containing 1,803 cells and harmonized four continuous environmental indicators: CO2 and CH4 emissions from EDGAR, vegetation activity [...]
Very-high-resolution optical imagery reveals key clues to the Langtang Lirung ice–rock avalanche
Published: 2026-09-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ice–rock avalanches and resulting cascading processes are increasingly recognized to pose an exceptional risk to high-mountain systems. Once initiated, they often transition from dense multiphase mixtures to water-saturated debris flows and even hyper-concentrated floods, thus attaining sufficient runout potential to move from highly remote to populated regions. The event that originated from the [...]
Plasticity more than (linear elastic crack) Propagation may govern standard Propagation Saw Test in snow: evidence from “Fracture toughness of mixed-mode anticracks in highly porous materials” experiments1
Published: 2026-09-14
Subjects: Engineering
An extensive experimental campaign of propagation saw tests (PST) has recently been conducted, enabling systematic investigation of critical cut length vs. slope angle in snowpacks1. PST is considered crucial for understanding avalanche release. Using a linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) framework built upon a linear elastic analysis, it was concluded that not a theoretical but a [...]
The depths and thicknesses of the magma bodies that fed some of the largest Quaternary eruptions on Earth
Published: 2026-09-14
Subjects: Geology, Volcanology
Volcanic systems are critical for the evolution and dynamics of the Earth; yet, our understanding of the plumbing systems that feed eruptions is hampered by our inability to directly observe magmas at depth. We present a compilation of matrix-glass data and rhyolite-MELTS pre-eruptive storage pressures for eleven Quaternary VEI 6+ caldera-forming eruptions worldwide with volumes ranging from 35 [...]
Bounded at both ends: the detection window of routine 12-day C-band InSAR at rock–ice avalanche sources
Published: 2026-09-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology
A negative result from satellite radar — "no precursory deformation was detected" — carries no information unless the range of signals the measurement could have detected is reported alongside it. We measure that range at two rock–ice avalanche sources, Langtang Lirung, Nepal (2026) and Ronti Peak, India (2021), using a single procedure, and identify four determinants of it that are site-specific [...]
From an everyday device to professional instrumentation. A framework for Portable Geoscience Learning Infrastructure and its illustrative application to ITA ARANDU MS
Published: 2026-09-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology
Geoscience education depends on practices that connect classroom learning with field settings: observing, locating, measuring, recording, comparing evidence, reasoning under uncertainty, and constructing interpretations. Digital fieldwork allows some of these practices to be undertaken with mobile devices, yet digital convenience, instrumental accuracy, and learning are not equivalent. This paper [...]
Thin the heat-trapping blanket of superpollutants and CO2 to slow the rate of warming by half
Published: 2026-09-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Other Earth Sciences
With the collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) revealed as rate-dependent, it is critical to quickly cut the rate of warming in half, which would require an ambitious combination of fast mitigation of short-lived climate pollutants, CO2 mitigation, and removal of CO2 and other GHGs.
Assessing Challenges for U.S.-Based Polar Early Career Scientists During Science Policy Changes
Published: 2026-09-13
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Studies, Geography, Glaciology, Hydraulic Engineering, Nature and Society Relations, Other Environmental Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Early-career researchers (ECRs) play a critical role in sustaining polar and cryosphere research in the United States. Since January 2025, changes in U.S. science policy and federal research funding have created substantial uncertainty for researchers, particularly those in the early stages of their careers. To assess the impacts of these changes, we conducted a community-driven survey of [...]
A proxy-based model of glacier thermal characteristics
Published: 2026-09-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics
This work presents a spatially lumped, computationally efficient model for estimating glacier thermal characteristics at a regional scale. We formulated proxies for the major englacial heat sources (meltwater refreezing and vertical shear strain heating) and heat transport mechanisms (downstream advection and vertical diffusion). We subsequently calculated these proxies for all glaciers in Alaska [...]
Where the green goes: green-network configuration and the super-additive loss of urban biodiversity under polyuncertainty
Published: 2026-09-12
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Climate assessment for cities proceeds one pressure at a time, its uncertainty treated as a sum of separable parts. Compound-event research shows this understates risk when drivers are dependent, and urban ecology that habitat arrangement, not quantity, governs which species persist. These have not been joined, so the contribution of green-infrastructure configuration, as against extent, to [...]
Daily Flood Mapping at 90 m Resolution Through Physically-Constrained CYGNSS–SAR Fusion
Published: 2026-09-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Satellite flood mapping faces a fundamental spatiotemporal trade-off: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) missions provide high-resolution flood masks but revisit any given location only every 6–12 days, while GNSS Reflectometry observations from the CYGNSS constellation are available daily but at kilometer scale. Neither sensor alone suffices to track flood events evolving over 24–72 hours. We [...]
Assessment of global variations in the velocity–porosity relationship of marine sediments and rocks using the legacy data of scientific ocean drilling programs
Published: 2026-09-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The physical properties of sediments and rocks are routinely measured during scientific ocean drilling programs, as such data enable the recovered materials to be linked to geophysical observations and provide constraints on subseafloor lithology. However, lithological descriptions are not consistently linked to physical properties datasets for older drilling expeditions, thereby limiting global [...]
Multi-annual sub-pixel land cover mapping with TESSERA latent embeddings
Published: 2026-09-11
Subjects: Geography, Remote Sensing
Mapping land cover in highly heterogeneous landscapes is challenging, and classifications have inherent limitations where the spatial resolution of remotely sensed data exceeds the size of small objects. Sub-pixel land cover fraction maps based on medium-resolution optical remote sensing data like Landsat or Sentinel-2 overcome this limitation but are often not consistently available across [...]
Aged commercial imidacloprid formulation alters the thermal, optical, and electrical behavior of aqueous matrices
Published: 2026-09-10
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Environmental persistence of neonicotinoid insecticides is influenced by their long-term stability and interactions with aqueous matrices. In this study, the thermal, optical, and electrical properties of a commercial imidacloprid formulation (Confidor 350 SC) were characterized under environmentally representative conditions. Solutions were prepared using three types of water (Distilled, Rain, [...]
Climate Change and Crop Production in The Gambia: Farmers’ Perceptions, Agricultural Practices, and Adaptation Strategies
Published: 2026-09-10
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Background Climate change threatens crop production, food security, and rural livelihoods, particularly where smallholder farmers depend on rain-fed agriculture. The Gambia is exposed to rising temperatures, rainfall variability, droughts, floods, land degradation, and coastal hazards. This study assessed crop farmers' perceptions of climate change, their agricultural practices and adaptation [...]