Preprints
There are 7394 Preprints listed.
Explainable Deep Learning Techniques for Potato Leaf Disease Detection in Smart Agriculture
Published: 2026-08-07
Subjects: Life Sciences
Potato is one of the most important food and cash crops in Bangladesh, contributing significantly to food security and the national economy. However, potato production is severely affected by various leaf diseases, which reduce crop yield and quality when not detected at an early stage. Traditional disease diagnosis mainly depends on manual observation by agricultural experts, making the process [...]
A convolutional, scale-adaptive framework for large-scale shoreline change modeling
Published: 2026-08-07
Subjects: Geomorphology
Understanding sandy beach evolution under geologic, hydrodynamic, morphologic, and anthropogenic influences, and particularly future climate variability and sea level rise, has become increasingly important. Several numerical models have been developed to simulate sandy beach evolution, ranging from high-fidelity, process-based models to reduced-complexity approaches, to data-driven and hybrid [...]
Evidence of rising groundwater and potential for sustainable management amid multi-year droughts in the pastoral regions of northern Kenya
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Groundwater underpins water security in the drylands of East Africa, where climate extremes and increasing groundwater use pose growing water management challenges. This study examines groundwater dynamics in arid northern Kenya using multi-source data that combine in-situ electronic sensor measurements with satellite-based rainfall observations, terrestrial water storage anomalies, and model [...]
Submesoscale frontal dynamics modulate ocean heat transport beneath Antarctic sea ice
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Antarctic sea ice has experienced unprecedented declines in recent years, yet the processes governing the transfer of subsurface ocean heat toward the ice remain poorly understood. Here, sub-kilometer hydrographic observations collected by an instrumented seal reveal intense, intermittent, and bidirectional vertical heat transport beneath sea ice in the East Antarctic marginal ice zone. During a [...]
Mapping Urban Heat Vulnerability in London: Multi-Scale Geospatial Analysis Using Machine Learning, SHAP Explainability, and Temporal Mortality Data
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Urban heat is a significant cause of mortality. In London, during the summer of 2022, the United Kingdom experienced its first recorded 40°C day, resulting in excess mortality levels not observed since pre-antibiotic influenza seasons. On 19 July 2022, London reached a temperature of 40.3°C, the highest recorded in the United Kingdom, which corresponded to 18,435 excess deaths in England and [...]
Designing decision-centric early warning systems for climate tipping points: the North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre as a test case
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography
Early warning systems (EWS) for climate tipping point must support decisions to be useful. Using the potential near-term Subpolar Gyre tipping point as a test case, we develop a pre-elicitation framework linking Earth System science with decision-making. We show that no single EWS can meet diverse decision needs. Instead, the framework identifies shared decision architectures and information [...]
Twin indicators of coastal vulnerability: land subsidence and mangrove extent change in Dili, Timor-Leste
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Natural Resources and Conservation
Mangrove forests and land subsidence are major drivers of coastal vulnerability rarely quantified together outside the well-studied deltas of Southeast Asia. This study provides the first satellite-based, twin-indicator assessment of coastal vulnerability for Dili, Timor-Leste, combining Sentinel-1 InSAR time series analysis of land subsidence with Global Mangrove Watch extent change over a [...]
Floating algal beds and methane dynamics: a potential positive feedback loop
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
Eutrophic shallow freshwater ecosystems often develop floating filamentous microalgae on their surface during spring and summer, known as floating algal beds (FLAB). In recent years, FLAB has become more frequent and pronounced due to rising temperatures and drier conditions, sometimes even covering the entire surface of water bodies. New evidence suggests that phytoplankton can produce methane [...]
Moving fast without breaking things: The benefits of preprinting for CDR research
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences
Advocates of preprinting usually focus on its benefits to individual researchers — more feedback, citations, and visibility. We argue its greater value is collective: preprinting improves scientific coordination, which the carbon dioxide removal field needs in order to move fast without sacrificing rigor.
Socio-economic characterization and Natural Resource appraisal for watershed development around Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Project sites in Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: 2026-08-06
Subjects: Environmental Studies
A comprehensive baseline study was conducted to develop the watershed treatment plan around four Pumped Storage Hydro-electric Project sites in Andhra Pradesh, India. As a part of study, household survey was conducted with 450 samples around 10 km radius of project reservoir sites. The data was collected on socio-economic conditions of communities and natural resource status around the [...]
Strengthening informal urban functions for climate-resilient cities
Published: 2026-08-05
Subjects: Medicine and Health Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Informal workers provide essential urban functions, yet climate hazards can disrupt the conditions that sustain them. We propose the informal urban function as an analytical unit linking worker conditions, functional performance, and sustainability outcomes. The framework identifies structural conditions shaping capacity, climate pathways leading to continuity, erosion, disruption, or [...]
Split-Spectrum InSAR for Reliable Ionospheric Correction: A Critical Review of Uncertainty, Validation, and Reproducibility
Published: 2026-08-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Split-spectrum interferometry provides a physically grounded means of separating dispersive ionospheric phase from non-dispersive deformation-related phase in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations. Its practical reliability, however, depends on processing choices that are often reported incompletely and validated inconsistently. This critical narrative review examines the physical [...]
Morphometric and Sedimentological Analysis of Shahnur River Basin, Amravati District, Maharashtra, India
Published: 2026-08-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The given study focuses on the morphometric and sedimentological characteristics of Shahnur River Basin. It is situated in the basalt dominated area of Deccan Traps of Amravati District, Maharashtra, India. The basin has various features to investigate the interaction between the lithological control, structural influences, and fluvial processes. Using the SRTM Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data [...]
Plume Origin Localisation with Computer Vision
Published: 2026-08-05
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Monitoring, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Satellite remote sensing has become a critical tool for monitoring, measuring, and mitigating methane emissions globally. Reliable attribution of methane plumes to their source facility is needed to enable emission mitigation action, robust emissions accounting, and regulatory oversight. Although experts can manually attribute plumes to individual facilities, automated approaches are required for [...]
River dissolved inorganic carbon losses from the Andes to lowland Amazon via cryptic sedimentary exchange processes
Published: 2026-08-05
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geomorphology, Hydrology
River carbon transfers and associated greenhouse gas emissions are a major component of the carbon cycle. Proposals to use rivers and their catchments to increase carbon dioxide (CO2) drawdown, by enhanced rock weathering and river alkalinity enhancement, require secure delivery of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and increased cation loads (e.g. Ca2+) to the ocean. Here we explore the fate of [...]