Preprints
There are 6385 Preprints listed.
Digging Through the Trash: An Investigation into Hidden Sources of Information in GNSS-R Observations
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Hydrology
Interpreting remote sensing data sometimes feels like a dark art. We aim to assign a single meaning to ambiguous signals that were actually affected by a slew of unique conditions. And NASA's Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) data are no exception. When we observe an increase in CYGNSS surface reflectivity, we most often attribute it to either an increase in soil moisture or in [...]
Cervical Cancer and Climate Change
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Environmental Public Health, Environmental Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences
Background: The research question guiding this scoping review was: "What does the literature reveal (since January 1, 2005) about the association between climate change—or its underlying environmental drivers—and cervical cancer?" Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search using two major electronic databases: PubMed and Web of Science, for January 1, 2005, through July 30, 2024. 522 [...]
What are the drivers of riparian vegetation recruitment and establishment in an alpine embanked river?
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Geomorphology, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
1 – Rejuvenation operations are often conducted in rivers to manage vegetation encroachment and balance biodiversity benefits and flood risks. Understanding the drivers of vegetation recruitment and establishment is necessary to implement these operations but requires monitoring at spatial and temporal scales that are suited to pioneer riparian environment. 2 – Bi-yearly drone surveys were used [...]
Study on Land-use Change (LUC)-induced carbon emissions
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Environmental Studies
Land-use change (LUC)-induced carbon emissions (ELUC, defined as net carbon emissions and removals) have accounted for approximately one-third of global anthropogenic carbon emissions since industrialization. While its contribution has declined in recent decades, ELUC still represents a significant component of the global carbon budget, comprising 11% of anthropogenic emissions during 2012–2022. [...]
Assessing the Net Climate Impact of Norwegian Reservoirs: Integrating Land Use Change and G-res Modeling
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
This study evaluates the net climate impact of Norwegian reservoirs using land use change mapping, literature-based GHG flux aggregation, and G-res modeling. High-resolution historical aerial imagery and deep learning reconstructed pre-impoundment land cover, explicitly identifying wetlands previously absent from national datasets. The framework quantifies changes in CO₂ and CH₄ fluxes and [...]
Specifying wind gusts based on wind speed increments and forecasting gustiness
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Wind gust forecasting is crucial for mitigating damage to people and property. We define gusts as rapid wind speed changes exceeding application-specific thresholds, and propose forecasting gustiness, that is the number of gusts per time unit. For the forecasting, we employ a correlation between gustiness and variance of wind speed increments, quantified in an analysis of measured offshore data. [...]
Multiresolution-based grid adaptation for the compression of ERA5 meteorological reanalysis data in MPTRAC v2.7
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The continuous increase in computational power comes with a corresponding demand for storage space. However, the ability to store data has hardly increased in recent years. This makes the demand for efficient storage solutions even more pressing, especially for meteorological reanalysis data. The current European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis data already poses [...]
Astronomical pacing of the Ludfordian Biogeochemical Event, the largest carbon cycle perturbation of the Phanerozoic
Published: 2026-01-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Stratigraphy
The Kosov Quarry section (Prague Basin, Czech Republic) preserves one of the most complete Silurian successions spanning the Ludfordian (late Silurian) Biogeochemical Event (LBE), encompassing the mid-Ludfordian Carbon Isotope Excursion (MLCIE), the largest positive δ13Ccarb excursion of the Phanerozoic. The LBE is associated with climatic cooling, redox reorganisation, sea-level change, and [...]
Where air-conditioning is essential: Raising a yellow flag ten times - where wet bulb globe temperature under shaded outdoor shelter fails to refresh adapted healthy individuals
Published: 2026-01-08
Subjects: Other Engineering
Concerning the modern paradigm shift to insulate building envelopes with the ambition to improve winter comfort without demand for heating, unintended problems can arise in summer as insulation traps heat and humidity from cooking and occupants’ respiration. So, we should consider outdoor living areas, covered from sun and rain, but openly alfresco - such as verandas. The current work extends on [...]
Anthropogenic Impacts on Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Microbial Communities in Groundwater of Taopu Industrial Park, Shanghai
Published: 2026-01-08
Subjects: Life Sciences
Urban groundwater is increasingly recognized as an emerging reservoir and transport pathway for antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), posing potential ecological and public-health risks. However, the distribution and transport mechanisms of antibiotics and ARGs in groundwater systems under complex anthropogenic pollution remain insufficiently [...]
Assessing the riverine flood forecast skill of GloFAS and Google Flood Hub with impact data and discharge observations to support early actions in Mali
Published: 2026-01-07
Subjects: Environmental Health and Protection, Water Resource Management
Riverine floods are among the most destructive and frequent natural hazards in Mali. To reduce their impacts, the Mali Red Cross implemented an Early Action Protocol (EAP) to enable anticipatory actions through pre-defined triggers and forecast information. Currently, the protocol relies on upstream water levels from the National Directorate of Hydraulics (DNH) to predict downstream flooding. [...]
Explaining monthly precipitation anomalies in northwestern South America by integrating vertical dynamics and energetics
Published: 2026-01-07
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Northwestern South America (NWSA), a region critically important for monitoring coastal El Niño and La Niña events, receives its maximum cumulative precipitation in February-March. Thermodynamic indices alone, often fail to explain observed precipitation anomalies because they neglect the influence of large-scale environmental dynamics. To bridge this gap, a low-frequency climate index called [...]
Global potential of integrated biorefineries for leaf protein and sugar: Producing sustainable food and preventing starvation in catastrophes
Published: 2026-01-07
Subjects: Agriculture, Chemical Engineering, Engineering, Food Science, Risk Analysis
To accommodate population growth and shifting diets, the global protein supply must increase. Simultaneously, rising climate variability increases agricultural yield shocks, disrupting conventional crops. Worse, global catastrophes such as nuclear war or pandemics could collapse the global food system. Here, we turn to the potential of grasslands and plentiful legume biomass (e.g., alfalfa, [...]
Integrated Hybrid AI–GIS Framework for Temperature-Driven Drought Early Warning and Agricultural Risk Mapping in Bangladesh
Published: 2026-01-07
Subjects: Electrical and Computer Engineering
Drought has also become a potential threat of growing severity to agricultural sustainability and food security in climate-sensitive areas of South Asia. In Bangladesh, recurring and escalating episodes of drought in northwestern drought-prone areas, especially the Rajshahi district, have been caused by continuous heat-related stress, extended dry season, and changes in surface energy balance. In [...]