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Preprints

There are 7351 Preprints listed.

Integrating Climate Change into Hydraulic Hazard Assessment: A Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Modeling Approach on the Muto Stream Basin

Biagio Saya

Published: 2026-07-30
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering

The Mediterranean basin is currently experiencing a profound shift in its climatological baseline, with extreme weather events striking coastal and inland catchments with unprecedented intensity. This changing paradigm forces engineers, hydrologists, and environmental planners to fundamentally rethink how spatial management and infrastructure design are approached. In this paper, we document and [...]

Beyond Black-Box Flood Susceptibility Mapping: An Explainable and Community-Validated GIS-Machine Learning Framework

Dr Kazi Abdul Abdul Mannan, Nazia Akter

Published: 2026-07-30
Subjects: Engineering

Floods are among the most destructive natural hazards, causing substantial economic losses, environmental degradation, and threats to human lives worldwide. Although Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and machine learning (ML) have significantly improved flood susceptibility mapping (FSM), many existing models remain difficult to interpret due to their black-box nature, limiting stakeholder [...]

Model and algorithm for constructing a horizon surface in the vicinity of a single fault

Oleg Konovalov

Published: 2026-07-30
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The article addresses the problem of constructing 3D structural models of geological horizons under faulting conditions. The most labor-intensive stage of structural reservoir modeling is the construction of horizon surfaces that must simultaneously fit seismic data and satisfy structural consistency conditions near faults. It is proposed to reduce the problem of recovering the "unreliable" [...]

Unequal scaling of urban vegetation cooling across sociodemographic groups

Yuyang Chang, Gabriele Manoli, Alby D. Rocha, et al.

Published: 2026-07-30
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Nature and Society Relations

Urban vegetation cools cities, but its benefits often reach disadvantaged residents least, a growing concern as urban heat risks intensify. Whether residence-based cooling exposure and its inequality scale systematically with population size and density, as infrastructural and socioeconomic attributes do, remains unclear. Here, we simulate vegetation cooling across Switzerland using process-based [...]

Lead contamination in cassava-based food and tubers (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in French Guiana: evidence for soil-to-plant transfer as the primary source

Loic Alexandre Martin, Sandra Ianez, Michael Rapinski, et al.

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Environmental Sciences

This study investigates lead (Pb) contamination in cassava in French Guiana, focusing on its sources, accumulation processes, and. Previous studies in the area have shown that cassava-based products could be a source of lead in diets, raising concern about human exposure. The results show that cassava tubers often contain lead concentrations and 72% of the analysed samples (n=81) exceed [...]

Statistical projections of the mean changes in intra-seasonal rainfall characteristics over Zambia from the reference period 1971-2000 to the future 2021-2050.

Nephat Mwanza, Suman Jain

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

As the Earth continues to warm, extreme seasonal precipitation events such as dry spells, floods, and droughts are expected to become more frequent and severe worldwide, including in Zambia. Zambia's agricultural sector, heavily dependent on seasonal rainfall, is highly sensitive to such fluctuations, with longer dry spells and floods threatening farmer livelihoods and national food security. [...]

A community data commons for equitable Earth Science

Samapriya Roy, Sayantan Majumdar, Tyson L. Swetnam

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences

Earth observation data are abundant but rarely analysis-ready, and the burden of preparation limits who can participate in science. For the last six years, the Google Earth Engine Community Catalog has closed that gap via community-curated, cloud-hosted, FAIR datasets built without formal funding, advancing discovery and equity worldwide.

Dynamic Framework to Quantify Thermal Resiliency and Passive Survivability During Prolonged Air Conditioning Outages in Extreme Hot Climate: Arizona Case Study

Saroj Lamichhane

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Engineering, Other Engineering

Increasing frequency and severity of extreme heat events, and growing dependence on air-conditioning systems emphasize the need to evaluate thermal resiliency of buildings during cooling outages. Existing thermal resiliency evaluation methodology do not fully capture passive survivability and recovery components. This study aims to develop a comprehensive dynamic framework to evaluate thermal [...]

Manganese Oxidation States Reveal a Continental-Scale Climate-Driven Redox Gradient in Upland Soils

Ke Wen, Eric W. Slessarev, Oliver A. Chadwick, et al.

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Biochemistry, Geochemistry, Soil Science

Soil redox conditions regulate soil organic carbon (SOC) persistence and nutrient availability, yet macroclimatic controls in uplands remain unclear because O2 depletion reflects the interactions of moisture, labile carbon, soil texture, and microbial demand. Here we pair manganese (Mn) oxidation state, an integrative redox proxy, with effective water balance (mean annual precipitation minus [...]

Revisiting Snoke’s (1987) Spectral Expressions: Coefficient Correction and Its Implications for Dynamic Insights

Minkyung Son

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology

Source parameters such as seismic moment, corner frequency, stress drop, radiated energy, and apparent stress are often derived from the Brune (1970) source spectrum. Building on this, Andrews (1986) formulated analytical relations that link those parameters to spectral integrals of squared velocity and displacement, and Snoke (1987) introduced an approximation that enables their practical [...]

MUONITH v1.0 — A Fast Simulation Tool for Multi-directional Muography Observation Design

Seigo Miyamoto, Shogo Nagahara

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Multi-directional muography is a non-destructive technique for imaging the three-dimensional density structure of large objects such as volcanoes. Recent developments in detector technology—miniaturization, low-power operation, and weight reduction—are rapidly expanding the range of feasible observation sites, and detector deployment by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is also being studied; in [...]

Sub-pixel Canopy Phenology reveals divergent Spring transition sequences in Tropical Mixed Deciduous Forest

Mainak Mukhopadhyay, M D Behera

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Biodiversity, Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Forest Sciences

Vegetation phenology regulates terrestrial carbon uptake and land–atmosphere interactions, and is commonly inferred from satellite-derived vegetation indices such as the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). However, these observations represent spatially aggregated signals that mask phenological variability among individual tree canopies in [...]

Distributed Acoustic Sensing Recordings of Cryoseismicity Enable Seismic Imaging of Permafrost in Remote Arctic Regions

Ahmad Tourei, Eileen Martin, Gabriel Fernando Rocha dos Santos, et al.

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Geotechnical Engineering, Glaciology

Permafrost can be highly heterogeneous, and variability in its subsurface structure under climate warming remains poorly understood despite the critical role of permafrost in Arctic hydrology, ecosystems, and infrastructure stability. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) provides a long-term method for dense seismic array monitoring in remote regions with passively recorded seismic activities. We [...]

Thin Ice DEM Model Based on Smoothed Elements: A 2.5-Dimensional DEM Approach for Ice–Structure Interaction Simulation

Oleg Konovalov, Lu Liu, Shunying Ji

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The user wants just the updated abstract in plain text format, with α removed.` We present a novel 2.5-dimensional Discrete Element Method (DEM) model, termed the Thin Ice Model (TIM), for efficient simulation of ice-structure interactions in broken and unbroken sea ice fields. The model is based on Voronoi tessellation of a single-layer ice sheet, where the ratio of element area to thickness [...]

SCI-VIS: Lightweight Visibility Tagging for Coastal Camera Monitoring

Michael Reinwald, Ketron Mitchell-Wynne, Zane D'Amico, et al.

Published: 2026-07-29
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Oceanography, Remote Sensing

Automated assessment of imaging conditions is a necessary pre-processing step for any computer vision pipeline deployed on outdoor cameras subject to atmospheric variability. We describe SCI-VIS, a lightweight per-frame visibility classifier deployed within the Surfline Coastal Intelligence (SCI) pipeline. The Surfline coastal-camera network spans ~1,200 cameras worldwide. SCI-VIS tags each [...]

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