Preprints
There are 7123 Preprints listed.
Less is more: how to capture carbon efficiently – lessons from long-term rock weathering and soil development in natural warm temperate ecosystems.
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Other Environmental Sciences
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) has been proposed as a viable strategy to offset greenhouse gas emissions. The field is currently plagued by uncertainty in the rates of C capture through alkalinity export, resulting from variation in extent and lag due to soil exchange, secondary minerals, and effects on soil organic carbon. Provided are quantitative estimates for weathering losses in these pools [...]
Samoa Basin Abyssal Mapping: Box Coring Leg
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This cruise report describes work from leg three of the NOAA American Samoa Abyssal Mapping effort, OPR-T900-KR-26. Leg one preceded this effort and collected ship-based acoustic data. Leg two collected autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) data and began before, continued contemporaneously, and finished subsequently to leg three. The USGS field activity number assigned to this expedition is [...]
Bacterial tetraether lipid biosynthesis links membrane adaption to paleoclimate proxies
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Life Sciences
Membrane-spanning tetraether lipids are best known as an adaptive mechanism of archaea for stabilizing their membranes under extreme conditions. Bacteria typically rely on bilayer-forming phospholipids, making the occurrence of membrane-spanning branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) in some bacteria highly unusual. BrGDGTs occur globally in soils and sediments and exhibit [...]
Who has rådighet? An agency-centred perspective on water conservation
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Civil Engineering, Water Resource Management
Water conservation is usually catalogued by technology, efficient fixtures, leak control, reuse, metering, process integration. That framing hides a stubborn fact: realised savings consistently fall short of engineering potential and often fade with time. Rebound, poor maintenance and behavioural decay explain part of the gap, but not all. We argue that a large share is an agency mismatch: the [...]
Condensation Radiation of Water Vapor Drives Diurnal Temperature Range Patterns
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The global distribution and variation of the Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) remain “an essential knowledge gap” in our understanding of climate dynamics in IPCC assessment reports. This study introduces the radiative mechanism of water vapor condensation as a novel physical driver of DTR dynamics. Contrary to classical heat conduction theory, which assumes latent heat transfers via temperature [...]
Novel Source Apportionment Methodologies for Secondary PM2.5 during Extreme Wintertime Meteorological Conditions in the Western U.S.
Published: 2026-06-14
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Other Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Traditional receptor-oriented source apportionment methods, such as positive matrix factorization and chemical mass balance, rely on vector-component analyses of robust observational records or pre-determined source fingerprints, respectively. These methods may struggle to resolve sources that are similar in composition due to source fingerprint collinearity. It is important to isolate [...]
Implicit-tuning signal quantified through a tri-experiment design in a legacy spectral GCM
Published: 2026-06-14
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing
We quantify the climate response of the MGO atmospheric general circulation model (MGO-03 T42L25) to two alternative implementations of a structural fix in the vertical-exchange parameterization. A companion parallelization study (under review) identifies an unintended inter-latitude state leakage through SAVE-persistent working arrays in the boundary-layer scheme. Here we contrast the legacy [...]
Mixing-Limited Effective Reaction Rates in Porous Media: An Explicit Prediction from Pore-Scale Mixing
Published: 2026-06-14
Subjects: Geochemistry, Hydrology
Two solutes can share the same volume of a porous medium and still barely react, because sharing a volume is not the same as mixing. As the flow carries them, it stretches each into thin filaments that interleave through the pore space, and reaction is confined to the narrow fronts where those filaments meet. A continuum model that simply multiplies the average concentrations ignores this and [...]
Modification of Antarctic geothermal heat flux by groundwater flow
Published: 2026-06-13
Subjects: Fluid Dynamics, Glaciology
The geothermal heat flux to the bed of the ice in Antarctica is important for ice flow and basal meltwater production, but is also highly uncertain. In particular, it is thought that groundwater flow in sedimentary basins could modify the geothermal heat flux to the ice bed by advecting heat, but this process is unaccounted for in current models. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to [...]
Development of Hydraulic Hazard Mapping within a GIS Environment: Interoperability Between HEC-RAS and QGIS
Published: 2026-06-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
Alluvial events represent some of the most destructive natural hazards threatening human civilization. Over recent decades, the frequency of extreme rainfall has exposed the Italian territory to periodic and highly damaging inundations, resulting in a dramatic escalation of financial losses and mortality rates. In regions such as Sicily, several industrial and artisanal clusters are strategically [...]
Valley forests as ecological bottlenecks: Topography and resource concentration structure herbivore use in the Western Ghats
Published: 2026-06-13
Subjects: Animal Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Forest Sciences, Life Sciences, Plant Sciences
Large-herbivore distributions in the Western Ghats are often interpreted through the perspective of protected areas, forest loss, and human disturbance. This perspective can undermine the ecological role of valley forests and riparian lowlands in steep, human-modified landscapes. Evidence from Asian elephants and other large herbivores indicates that habitat use is shaped by interacting filters [...]
Deglacial reconstruction of the spatial extent and intensity of the North Atlantic Subtropical High
Published: 2026-06-13
Subjects: Climate, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rainfall-related hazards are growing in southeastern North America (SENA) but well-documented climate-model biases cast doubt on projected rainfall changes. The North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH) supplies the moisture that drives extreme rainfall in SENA, so reconstructing its past behavior offers a test of model fidelity. Using the hydrogen-isotope composition of leaf-wax biomarkers (δDwax) [...]
GSDD, A Catchment-Scale Global Streamflow Drought Database based on Observed Daily Discharge
Published: 2026-06-13
Subjects: Engineering
Streamflow droughts increasingly threaten global water security, hydropower production, and freshwater ecosystems. Understanding observed streamflow drought characteristics is key to water supply management, energy and food production. However, global drought datasets primarily rely on meteorological indicators (e.g., precipitation and evapotranspiration), while a few offers grid-based [...]
Warming above, cooling below: First model-based quantitative thermal- regime assessment and subsurface thermal evolution of Nivlisen Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, revealing non-equilibrium thermal adjustment and progressive thermal preconditioning
Published: 2026-06-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present the first quantitative thermal characterisation of Nivlisen Ice Shelf, central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, using a one-dimensional heat-transfer model forced by ERA5 surface skin temperatures (1940–2025). For the primary scenario (H = 312 m), the steady-state solution yields a mid-column temperature of −4.89 °C, Péclet number Pe = 4 (intermediate conduction–advection regime), [...]
Permafrost Degradation and Ecological Restoration Technologies in the Northeastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A Case Study of Xining and Surrounding Areas
Published: 2026-06-13
Subjects: Engineering
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents the highest-altitude and largest-area permafrost distribution zone in global mid-to-low latitude regions. Its northeastern margin, encompassing Xining City and surrounding areas, constitutes a critical transitional zone where seasonal permafrost and perennial permafrost interweave. Driven by the dual forces of global climate warming and anthropogenic [...]