Preprints
There are 7137 Preprints listed.
Regional anthropogenic aerosol reductions amplify probability of record-breaking heat extremes
Published: 2026-06-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Record-breaking heat extremes are becoming more likely due to anthropogenic climate change, with their probability depending on the regional warming rate. Anthropogenic aerosol forcing modulates these warming rates, and aerosols are declining globally. However, the influence of aerosols on the probability of record-breaking heat extremes remains unclear. Here, we assess how aerosol trends alter [...]
A Photogrammetric Method for Volume Correction of Soil Core Samples
Published: 2026-06-18
Subjects: Forest Sciences
Soil volume is an important reference value that is often determined through standardized sampling cylinders. Methods exist for measuring missing soil volume, but they either modify the sample or are time-consuming. Our new method uses structure-from-motion photogrammetry to create a 2.5D model of the soil-filled sampling cylinders from which the missing volume can be determined. We quantified [...]
Linking double seismic zones to oceanic lithosphere rheological layering: the role of mid-lithospheric discontinuities
Published: 2026-06-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The origin of the ubiquitous lower seismic layer (LSL) in double seismic zones (DSZs) within subducting oceanic lithosphere remains one of the most persistent unresolved problems in subduction-zone seismicity. Analysis of recent geophysical observations reveals a close spatial association between the LSL and the oceanic mid-lithospheric discontinuity (MLD), a feature attributed to the [...]
HPHT Micro-to-Nano Seismic Comparison of GEIOS Nitrogen Hybrid Gas Nanofoam vs. Water-Proppant EGS
Published: 2026-06-18
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Statement of peer-review status: This is a non-peer-reviewed preprint. The work derives from internal laboratory testing at Nanogeios Laboratory and has not been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal. For patent and intellectual-property security, certain sources and proprietary technical details (e.g., exact nanoparticle composition and surfactant/stabiliser chemistry) are intentionally not [...]
Analysis of the potential of NLP techniques to identify climate change themes in Canadian social media textual content
Published: 2026-06-17
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Social media discussions about climate change offer valuable insights into how the public views climate issues and their willingness to engage in personal climate actions. Understanding individual climate actions is crucial because households are responsible for more than 70% of global carbon emissions, and lifestyle changes alone can reduce carbon emissions by approximately 15%. This research [...]
Seismic Evidence for an Ultralow Velocity Zone Beneath the Cape Verde Hotspot
Published: 2026-06-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mega ultralow velocity zones (mega-ULVZs), thin patches of strongly reduced seismic velocity with large horizontal extent just above the core-mantle boundary (CMB), are increasingly found beneath deep mantle plumes, suggesting a link to hotspot volcanism. The Cape Verde hotspot is thought to overlie a deep plume, but whether a ULVZ exists at its base has remained unknown. We present [...]
Tropical cyclones intensify mesoscale eddy variability and accelerate Western Boundary Current instability
Published: 2026-06-17
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Tropical cyclones strongly disrupt the upper ocean, yet their influence on mesoscale variability in western boundary current systems remains poorly quantified. The Gulf of Mexico, where the Loop Current regularly sheds large warm-core eddies, offers an ideal setting to examine how hurricanes reshape mesoscale dynamics. Using a high-resolution ocean model and hurricane-denial experiments, we [...]
Lead contamination from shooting activities: bioavailability, bioaccessibility and hydrological controls on Pb geochemical partitioning in soil
Published: 2026-06-17
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
Lead (Pb) contamination in soils is a persistent environmental and human health concern in areas affected by shooting activities. This study provides an integrated assessment of Pb geochemical behaviour, plant interactions, and human bioaccessibility in waterlogged alluvial wetland soils from Soglitelle (southern Italy), a natural reserve historically impacted by hunting activities. The results [...]
Can Green Infrastructure Curb Urban Sprawl? Evidence from China's Sponge City Program and Spatial Implications for Emerging Asia
Published: 2026-06-16
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Motivated by the global challenges of unsustainable urban expansion and climate vulnerability, China implemented the Sponge City Program (SCP) as a large-scale nature-based intervention. Moving beyond its conventional framing as a purely hydraulic tool, this study re-evaluates the SCP as a catalyst for spatial governance. Utilizing a Double Machine Learning (DML) approach on spatial data from 279 [...]
ENSO-Driven Modulation of the Caribbean Subsurface Salinity Maximum
Published: 2026-06-16
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study identifies El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) as the primary driver of interannual subsurface salinity variability in the Caribbean Sea. Using 30 years of high-resolution, data-assimilative ocean reanalysis (1993–2022), we show that the Subsurface Salinity Maximum (SSM) closely tracks ENSO cycles: El Niño events correspond to a saltier and deeper SSM, while La Niña drives a fresher [...]
Internal Processes Driving the Slow-to-Fast Transition of a Rockslide
Published: 2026-06-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Landslides may creep slowly for decades to centuries under external influences such as rainfall or seismic shaking. Predicting when and how they transition into catastrophic acceleration remains a major challenge because the internal processes driving failure occur at depth and are often not evident from surface observations alone. Here, we combine local seismic and geodetic measurements to [...]
Why the Earth Exhibits Interhemispheric Albedo Symmetry: Erosion–formation asymmetry of low-cloud responses to circulation reorganization.
Published: 2026-06-16
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Earth exhibits a striking near symmetry in interhemispheric mean albedo despite substantial asymmetries in surface properties, aerosols, and geography. Whether this symmetry is coincidental or dynamically constrained remains unresolved. Here we present a minimal theoretical framework showing that a moist atmosphere provides a physically constrained, but bounded, tendency to oppose [...]
The role of glauconite content in controlling sand crushing and compressibility
Published: 2026-06-16
Subjects: Geotechnical Engineering
Glauconite-rich sands are increasingly posing engineering challenges in offshore and nearshore developments, since their mechanical behaviour remains poorly understood owing to the extreme crushability of glauconite grains. Particle crushing in these sediments alters stiffness, compressibility, grading, particle morphology and, consequently, engineering performance. This study presents a [...]
Ecosystem Metabolism as an Early Warning Indicator of Lake Algal Blooms
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
Algal blooms represent ecosystem state shifts that degrade drinking water, restrict recreation, threaten public health, and lower property values. Detecting blooms in advance on management relevant timescales of days to weeks can support proactive intervention. Early warning statistics derived from indicator time series offer a framework for detecting state shifts, but the use of lake metabolic [...]
Less is more: how to capture carbon efficiently – lessons from long-term rock weathering and soil development in natural warm temperate ecosystems.
Published: 2026-06-15
Subjects: Other Environmental Sciences
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) has been proposed as a viable strategy to offset greenhouse gas emissions. The field is currently plagued by uncertainty in the rates of C capture through alkalinity export, resulting from variation in extent and lag due to soil exchange, secondary minerals, and effects on soil organic carbon. Provided are quantitative estimates for weathering losses in these pools [...]