Preprints
There are 6508 Preprints listed.
Key enablers and barriers to climate-smart primary healthcare in South Africa: Insights from climate and health experts
Published: 2026-02-14
Subjects: Public Health
Climate change poses escalating threats to global health, with disproportionately severe impacts in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) where structural vulnerabilities, resource constraints, and limited adaptive capacity heighten population-level risks. In these settings, primary health care (PHC), the frontline of service delivery, plays a pivotal role in implementing climate adaptation, [...]
Mid-crustal Origin of Alkaline Magmas in the Arosa Zone: Evidence from Primary Analcime and Xenolith Interaction at the Rothplattenbach Complex (Germany)
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology
The petrogenetic evolution of the alkaline magmatic rocks of the Rothplattenbach Complex was investigated by X-ray diffraction phase analysis and crystallographic lattice-parameter determination. The study focuses on the identification of primary analcime occurring in paragenesis with Ca-rich plagioclase (An₇₇) and diopsidic clinopyroxene. Phase-equilibrium modelling indicates that magma [...]
Origin, evolution and decline of European mangroves: the Cenozoic paleobotanical record
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Paleontology
This paper reviews available paleobotanical evidence (pollen and macrofossils) from 114 European sites to infer Cenozoic mangrove dynamics. European mangroves originated at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary in western Europe as relatively diverse communities comprising seven true-mangrove taxa, including the major mangrove-forming elements Rhizophoraceae, Avicennia and Nypa. Some taxa arrived from [...]
The Role of Narrow Cold Frontal Rainbands on Flooding in Urban Southern California
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFRs) bring brief but intense periods of rain during wintertime extratropical cyclones in Southern California. Much is known about the meteorology behind NCFRs, but little is known about NCFRs that ties together the meteorology and hydrology of urbanized watersheds. In this study, we assessed the extent of flooding in urban Southern California caused by NCFRs. We [...]
Climate risk communications in the humanitarian health sector in East Africa: A case study from Médecins Sans Frontières
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Public Health
By 2030, it is estimated that the number of medium- to large-scale disaster events may increase to 560 per year compared to 400 in 2015. People less than 60 years of age in 2020 have been estimated to experience unprecedented extreme climate event exposures; the risk is even greater for younger generations as the planet gets warmer. This descriptive study aimed to explore how Médecins Sans [...]
Conceptual challenges in astrobiological analog environments and paths toward resolution
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Biology, Other Life Sciences, Other Planetary Sciences, Planetary Sciences
Analog environments are terrestrial environments that resemble extraterrestrial sites; this concept originated in space sciences for defining methods to study planetary geology, training for missions and testing research instruments. As biological research became integrated into these investigations - through studies of limits for life and possible biosignatures - and astrobiology grew as a [...]
Resonant Platform Response and Vertical Velocity Biases in ADCP Measurements from Quasi-Lagrangian Platforms
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Autonomous surface and subsurface platforms equipped with acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) are increasingly used to observe ocean velocities, but in the presence of surface waves these measurements can be biased by orbital motion and wave-induced platform tilting. Previous work quantified such biases for idealized platform responses that were in phase with the wave forcing. Here we [...]
Evaluating economic opportunities and challenges for energy recovery from methane leaks during wastewater treatment
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Engineering
Methane leaks from wastewater treatment represent the loss of biogas that can be used to generate onsite energy, offsetting costs and improving efficiency. Here, we characterize emissions from water resource recovery facilities by compiling measurement data and calculating biogas-production normalized leak rates for facilities with anaerobic digestion. For plants where biogas data were [...]
From Data to Policy : Strengthening Essential Climate Variable Monitoring with Deep Learning Algorithms and Data Quality Standards
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) are critical for understanding and monitoring climate systems, providing important data to assess climate change and supporting policy formulation. This review emphasizes the importance of ensuring data quality, traceability, and consistency to derive reliable features from ECV datasets, addressing challenges such as temporal and spatial coverage gaps, [...]
Effects of Groundwater Withdrawals for Water Bottling and Municipal Use, Wards Brook Valley, Maine and New Hampshire
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Hydrologic models for the Wards Brook valley near Fryeburg, Maine were developed for historical (2016 – 2021) and hypothetical future conditions (2046 – 2065 and 2080 – 2099) to understand the effects of groundwater withdrawals for bottled water and municipal use on hydrologic conditions (stream base flows and groundwater levels). Analyses showed that the simulated base flows in Wards Brook were [...]
End-to-End Differentiable Auto-Calibration of a Distributed Glacio-Hydrological Model Using Physically Consistent Routing
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Engineering
Distributed glacio-hydrological models are essential for simulating runoff processes in glacier-fed Himalayan basins, yet their application is often constrained by extensive data requirements, high computational costs, and reliance on manual, trial-and-error calibration. Recent auto-calibration approaches using stochastic optimization or machine learning have shown promise, but they frequently [...]
Two-thirds of global coastline affected by climate-driven saline groundwater intrusion by end of century, reaching far inland by 2300
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Fresh groundwater is a vital resource along global coastlines where already over a third of the world’s population lives. Saline groundwater intrusion, driven by sea-level rise, groundwater abstraction, and reduced recharge, threatens the potability of coastal groundwater. Yet, the global potential for intrusion remains uncertain. Using a global groundwater model, we assess climate-driven saline [...]
Exploring the sensitivity of the vanadium redox proxy to Fe/Mn-(oxyhydr)oxide cycling in a basinal oxic margin setting
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Accurately interpreting the redox state of ancient seawater using the Vanadium (V) paleo-redox proxy requires us to have a comprehensive understanding of the sinks that might impact vanadium’s cycling in the ancient ocean. Ferromanganese (oxyhydr)oxides accumulating in sediments beneath oxic seawater probably constitute the largest modern sink of marine V. In many oxic sediment sinks, V [...]
Extraction and re-implementation of SWAT-Model calculations under the MAELIA platform in order to simulate the socio-environmental impacts of norms
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
MAELIA (Multi-Agent for EnvironmentaL norms Impact Assesment) is an agent-based simulation platform designed to assess the impact of alternative water management policies at the watershed level. It simulates interactions between human activities (agricultural, domestic and industrial withdrawals, regulations of water uses) and ecological processes (crop growth, plant evapotranspiration and water [...]
A quantitative assessment of the reliability and feasibility of process-based urban stormwater quality models: Towards new evaluation criteria
Published: 2026-02-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Hydrologic models have been increasingly used as a numerical tool to support urban stormwater management. Evaluation of modeling approaches helps identify the strength and weakness of a model to meet end-user requirements. However, traditional model evaluations only focus on the technical performance of a model, whereas very few studies have been conducted to quantitatively evaluate practical [...]