Preprints
There are 6547 Preprints listed.
Implementation of Hybrid Genetic-Ant Colony Algorithm (GACA) for Solving Highly Nonlinear Cuttings Transport Models in Directional Foam Drilling
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Geotechnical Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering
Directional foam drilling is widely applied in the development of complex oil and gas resources due to its advantages of low formation damage and high drilling efficiency, but the highly nonlinear cuttings transport model in this process poses great challenges to parameter optimization. To solve this problem, a hybrid genetic-ant colony algorithm (GACA) is proposed, which integrates the global [...]
Decadal Trends in the Quality of Groundwater Used for Public Drinking-Water Supply in California, 2004–2023, California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment Program, Priority Basin Project
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology
This study provides a comprehensive assessment of decadal changes in the quality of groundwater used for public drinking-water supply at 444 monitoring sites across California during 2004–2023. We assessed decadal step trends in groundwater quality for 145 water-quality constituents and geochemical indicators statewide and across geographic and land-use based network groups. We evaluated the [...]
Climate Change and Adaptive Strategies for Community Resilience: Insights from the Kamala River Basin, Nepal
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Climate change poses an escalating threat to riverine communities worldwide, with flooding remaining the most pervasive and disruptive hazard across Nepal’s river basins. Despite the growing body of climate adaptation research, empirically grounded evidence on how local understanding of climate change shape adaptive practices and community resilience across heterogeneous socio-ecological and [...]
Achieving the Human Right to Sanitation? Container based sanitation and intersectional vulnerabilities in a South African informal settlement
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Public Health
Container based sanitation (CBS) is marketed as an innovative ‘improved’ service with potential to provide ‘safely managed’ sanitation for users in low resource settings. Yet little research has investigated this claim regarding the most marginalised individuals within these populations, many of whom experience myriad intersectional vulnerabilities. This paper examines and compares whether [...]
Effect of pulp density on acidulation mechanisms in low-grade phosphate rock using biogenic acid generated by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans.
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering
Phosphorus is essential for global food security, but traditional extraction using thermal and hydrometallurgical methods is hampered by the depletion of deposits and high energy costs. This study evaluates the recovery of low-grade Colombian phosphate rock (5.5% w/w P) through biogenic leaching. Unlike chemical acidulation, which consumes a lot of water and tends to produce disruptive foam, this [...]
Novel methods in corporate ESG education: A case study in Singapore
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The increasing importance of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) in corporate strategy necessitates effective educational tools that can bridge the current ESG literacy gap. Yet the effectiveness of play-based ESG education activities remains. This study examines the effectiveness of play-based learning in ESG corporate education by comparing an environment-themed escape room with a [...]
Revisiting Pyroclimographs
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Education, Meteorology, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing
Wildland fire activity often demonstrates distinct seasonality. Multiple peaks of activity may occur throughout the year with varying magnitudes and durations due to climatologically conducive conditions for wildfire activity or intentional burning. However, anomalous fire environment conditions may favor out-of-season wildfires. Characterization of conditions that increase fire ignition [...]
Real-time Forecasting and Operational Control of Perceivable Induced Seismicity in Geo-Energies
Published: 2026-02-25
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Geo-energies, including enhanced geothermal systems, geological carbon storage, and underground hydrogen storage, are essential for decarbonizing the energy and heavy industry sectors. However, their widespread implementation is hindered by the risk of perceivable induced seismicity. This review begins by evaluating existing seismic hazard mitigation schemes, particularly the traffic light system [...]
EQ-INSAR: A Python Package for Generating Synthetic Earthquake InSAR Deformation Data
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Remote Sensing
EQ-INSAR is an open-source Python package for generating synthetic Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) surface deformation data from earthquake sources. The package implements the Davis (1986) point source model to compute three component ground displacement from double-couple earthquake mechanisms. Then it projects the displacement onto satellite line-of-sight (LOS) geometries to [...]
Rethinking grounding-zone basal drag for improved projections of Antarctic ice loss
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology
Ice-stream grounding zones are critical parts of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and we must be able to model how they retreat with confidence. This is because for most of Antarctica, the grounding-zone location determines the flux of ice to the ocean. As such, future grounding-zone locations (as the ice-sheet edge retreats inland) dictate the pattern and rate of ice loss and the associated sea-level [...]
Seismic Efficiency during Volcanic Unrest: Insights from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull Eruption
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Volcanology
Identifying patterns in precursory signals may aid forecasting over month to year timescales. Here we examine the relationship between seismicity and ground deformation during unrest prior to the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption. We find that the ratio between seismic moment and horizontal GPS ground displacement is constant within two distinct phases, but with a step increase from one to the [...]
Data-driven control reveals distributed flood adaptation priorities across large river networks under climate change
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dynamical Systems, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
Distributed flood adaptation requires knowing where in a river network attenuation effort should concentrate and how much each reach requires, but the spatial coupling, scenario dependence, and high dimensionality of real drainage networks have kept these requirements largely unresolved. We combine data-driven dynamics learning, reduced-order modeling, and optimal control theory into a diagnostic [...]
Sub-pixel mapping of disturbance and tree mortality dynamics from Sentinel-2 time series around the globe
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Biogeochemistry, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Elevated forest disturbances and excess tree mortality are increasingly reported worldwide. Yet existing assessments are either based on patchy terrestrial observations or on large-scale satellite products, which are limited in resolution to pixel-level, binary tree loss detection. This leaves a blind spot on fine-scale disturbances where only a few trees are declining in an otherwise intact [...]
Emergent Spatio-Semantic Structure in Large Language Model Embedding Spaces
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Geographic Information Sciences
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in geospatial applications typically as generators of geographic text or as natural language interfaces to spatial data. Here, we explore whether LLM embedding spaces can instead function as geospatial representations that can be exploited directly. Using embeddings extracted from Airbnb property descriptions in London, we show that [...]
Household water storage compromises drinking water safety in a “safely managed” system
Published: 2026-02-24
Subjects: Public Health
While nearly three-quarters of the globe use safely managed drinking water services, water quality can deteriorate between the point of service provision and point of consumption due to intermittent supply and the need to store water at the household level. To test if water storage contributes to waterborne pathogen hazards, we estimated prevalence and concentration of enteric pathogens in piped [...]