Preprints
There are 7083 Preprints listed.
Detection, Classification, and Characterization of Compound Coastal Flooding along the Gulf and Southeastern U.S. Coasts
Published: 2026-06-08
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Compound coastal flooding, driven by the concurrent or sequential exceedance of storm surge and river discharge thresholds, poses disproportionate risk to Gulf and Southeast US coastal communities, yet systematic observation-based characterization of its spatial distribution, typological structure, and joint intensity remains limited. This study investigates compound coastal flooding using a [...]
Simulations of Minnesota water budget components using the Soil-Water-Balance model, past (1981–2022) and future (2040–59 and 2080–99)
Published: 2026-06-08
Subjects: Climate, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
This study presents historical estimates and future projections of net infiltration (potential recharge), actual evapotranspiration (ET), surface runoff, and related water budget components across Minnesota using the USGS Soil Water Balance model, version 2 (SWB). The model was calibrated to streamflow and actual ET observations from 2000–2022, achieving an overall r² of 0.973 with a standard [...]
Surface Infrared Forcing as a Primary Driver of Contemporary Global Warming: A Synthesis of Biophysical, Spectral, and Land-Use Evidence
Published: 2026-06-08
Subjects: Life Sciences
The prevailing attribution of observed global warming to the radiative forcing of well-mixed greenhouse gases — principally CO₂ — rests on a framework that systematically underrepresents a class of forcings operating at the land-atmosphere interface. This paper synthesises evidence from satellite remote sensing (Duveiller et al., 2018), planetary biomass accounting (Erb et al., 2018), [...]
Floods as a window of opportunity: When and why extreme events trigger adaptation
Published: 2026-06-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Disasters can open windows of opportunity for climate adaptation—moments when heightened public attention makes it possible to advance policies and measures that would otherwise struggle to gain traction. Yet whether and how floods shape public adaptation discourse remains unclear. Here, we quantify how flood severity influences media coverage on 12 adaptation measures across 274 German districts [...]
Uncovering a hidden resource for wildfire resilience: groundwater governance solutions to social-ecological challenges in a warming world
Published: 2026-06-08
Subjects: Engineering
Wildfires are intensifying worldwide and increasingly threaten cities and communities in the wildland–urban interface. While attention has focused on forests, fuels, and firefighting capacity, water systems are also under growing pressure during major fire events. Groundwater, accessed through decentralized wells across urban, peri-urban, and rural landscapes, remains largely overlooked in [...]
Long-term magma recharge episodes recorded in plagioclase zoning in the Okama pyroclastics at Zao Volcano, northeastern Japan
Published: 2026-06-08
Subjects: Volcanology
Mafic magma recharge into shallow plumbing systems is one of the most important processes for remobilizing crystal mush-dominated magma reservoirs, eventually triggering eruptions. Previous studies have mainly focused on pre-eruptive recharge episodes, revealing short mixing-to-eruption timescales through diffusion chronometry applied to fast-diffusing elements. However, the existence of [...]
Integrative Biodiversity Science Informing Transformative Multiscale Governance through Diversifying Values of Nature in Scenarios and Models
Published: 2026-06-07
Subjects: Life Sciences
• Improved use of scenarios and models can contribute to enhancing the achievement of the Global Biodiversity Framework through more systemic approaches (e.g., causality frameworks, detection and attribution) and evidence-based methods (e.g., integrated use of data, scenarios, and model- based indicators) that incorporate diverse values of nature. • Scenarios play critical roles in both global [...]
A Low-Cost In-Silico Geological Assessment Workflow for Two IOCG-Style Targets with Mixed Iron-Oxide Surface Expression in Chile, with Comparative Reference to a Copper Porphyry Gossan-Blanket System
Published: 2026-06-07
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences
This study presents a low-cost, in-silico geological assessment workflow for early-stage mineral exploration under minimal-data conditions, with particular relevance for artisanal mining and small-scale exploration. Contrasting Chilean case settings are used to examine differences in oxidized surface expression. The analysis focuses on two targets in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera cobalt–iron [...]
Automated GIS-Based Hydrological Modeling Framework for Flood Hydrograph Estimation in Ungauged Mediterranean Catchments: A Case Study of Sicily
Published: 2026-06-06
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering
The estimation of design flood hydrographs in ungauged Mediterranean catchments remains a persistent challenge for hydrological engineering, flood hazard assessment, and territorial risk planning. The absence of discharge observations, coupled with the high temporal concentration of precipitation and the marked geomorphological variability of small basins, renders conventional calibration-based [...]
A Fibonacci-Like Propagation Graph for Infiltration and Internal Erosion in Heterogeneous Layered Soils
Published: 2026-06-06
Subjects: Geotechnical Engineering, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Soil Science
Infiltration and internal erosion in heterogeneous layered soils involve coupled flow, pressure build-up, and material degradation across preferential subsurface pathways. High-fidelity Richards-type simulators are physically detailed but can be too expensive for rapid scenario screening and Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation when hydraulic parameters are poorly constrained. We introduce a [...]
Impacts of Potential Solar Radiation Modification: Systematic Review Reveals Challenges and Opportunities
Published: 2026-06-06
Subjects: Agriculture, Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences, Life Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences, Plant Sciences
Solar radiation modification (SRM) is a proposed temporary intervention to limit global warming while mitigation efforts continue. Understanding its potential consequences for human and natural systems is essential for informed deliberations. We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature on SRM impacts published through May 2024, identifying 289 studies, including 261 primary [...]
Spatially Distributed Land-Use Efficiency Assessment under SDG Indicator 11.3.1: The Case of Greater Manila Area, Philippines
Published: 2026-06-06
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Sustainability
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 11.3.1 assesses urban land-use efficiency (LUE) through the relationship between land consumption rate (LCR) and population growth rate (PGR), commonly expressed as LCRPGR. However, city-level implementation produces a single value that can mask where efficient or inefficient urban development occurs. This study develops and demonstrates a spatially [...]
ADMM-Guided Physics-Informed Deep Learning for Two-Dimensional Acoustic Impedance Inversion with Reweighted ℓ1 Sparse Regularization
Published: 2026-06-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Acoustic impedance inversion is ill-posed because post-stack seismic data are band-limited and noisy. Reweighted ℓ1 sparse inversion sharpens impedance boundaries but, applied trace by trace, ignores lateral geological continuity. We present a two-dimensional ADMM-guided physics-informed neural framework in which a reweighted ℓ1 ADMM estimate (after He et al., 2022) serves as a physics prior for [...]
Exact solutions for ice flow across the no-slip to free-slip transition
Published: 2026-06-05
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The downhill flow of a viscous ice stream across a no-slip to free-slip transition remains elusive to exact solutions due to the existence of singularities. Here we replace the point-wise sharp transition by a functional dependency of parametrised horizontal length. Analytical solutions are found for the steady Navier-Stokes flow with Newtonian properties. Our solution remains smooth and [...]
Two decades of kilometer-scale daily PM2.5 from satellite observations and machine learning reveal geographically diverging exposure in Ghana
Published: 2026-06-05
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Atmospheric Sciences, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Public Health, Environmental Sciences, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing, Spatial Science
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major contributor to global burden of disease, yet air quality data remain sparse in many low- and middle-income countries, limiting nationwide monitoring and effective policy development. We address this gap by developing a high-resolution gridded (1 km × 1 km) dataset for daily surface PM2.5 concentrations in Ghana from 2005 to 2025 by training [...]