Preprints
There are 7472 Preprints listed.
What can satellite embedding fields tell us about shallow coral-reef habitats? A decodability survey of AlphaEarth over the Great Barrier Reef
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Annual satellite embedding fields compress a year of multi-sensor observation into a 64-dimensional vector per 10 m pixel, globally; whether they retain ecologically meaningful information about the submerged reef benthos is untested. We conducted a registered decodability survey of the AlphaEarth Foundations embedding over shallow (< 10 m) Great Barrier Reef habitats: every candidate output [...]
ALPAKAS: Alpine hydrographs and catchment attributes for karst springs
Published: 2026-08-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology
Approximately 40 % of the European Alps consist of karstifiable rock. Due to their distinct recharge, storage, and discharge properties, karst aquifers are key components of the hydrological cycle and water supply in the Alpine region. However, large-sample datasets enabling comparative and data-driven analyses of karst spring discharge are currently lacking. Here, we present ALPAKAS (ALPine [...]
Silicate Weathering Dynamics in the Kasaï Basin and Implications for Enhanced Rock Weathering Applications in the Tropics
Published: 2026-08-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Silicate weathering is one of the ultimate geologic sinks of atmospheric CO2. Enhanced rock weathering (ERW), aiming at accelerating this natural process to mitigate anthropogenic warming, has received significant attention due to high projected CO2 removal potential and possible agricultural co-benefits applications in the tropics. Yet, the natural baseline of chemical weathering in low-relief, [...]
Linking Atmospheric Transport Resistance to Extreme Snowfall Risk Using Non-Stationary Extreme Value Models
Published: 2026-08-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study develops a hybrid physical--statistical framework for evaluating extreme snowfall risk along the Sea of Japan coast by integrating causal-network analysis, Dijkstra-based atmospheric transport physics, and non-stationary extreme value theory. Using a 135-year record (1889--2024) of annual maximum snow-depth anomalies from 23 meteorological stations, we first quantify atmospheric [...]
Seasonal Estimates of Instream Nitrogen & Phosphorus Loads from New England Watersheds Discharging to Long Island Sound, 2000 through 2020
Published: 2026-08-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seasonally dynamic estimates of total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads delivered to Long Island Sound from New England watersheds are estimated by use of seasonally dynamic SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes) models. These models are part of the larger Long Island Sound Study (LISS) a coordinated effort by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the States [...]
Observed warming is shrinking favourable daylight windows for outdoor recreation: evidence from sports facilities across France
Published: 2026-08-25
Subjects: Climate, Nature and Society Relations
Observed warming is changing not only the severity of heat exposure during outdoor recreation, but also the time of day when thermally favourable conditions remain available. We quantify this emerging temporal constraint across metropolitan France from 1991 to 2025 by combining hourly ERA5-Land meteorology, Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), solar geometry and the national Data ES inventory of [...]
Early warning signals of tipping points: A deep learning approach to direction and timing
Published: 2026-08-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The crossing of climate tipping points poses serious risk to life on Earth due to the impacts they cause, and their irreversibility. These systems generally exhibit critical slowing down on their approach to tipping point, or bifurcation, which can be detected by looking for changes in statistical properties of a time series from the system, such as an increasing lag-1 autocorrelation or [...]
Boxology: the isobar–thickness box count as an exact advection integral, and its rendering
Published: 2026-08-24
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
“Boxology” is the hand-analysis practice of reading thermal advection from the angle at which mean-sea-level-pressure isobars cross 1000–500 hPa thickness contours: steep crossings cut the chart into small quadrilaterals and imply strong advection, while parallel families imply none. This note shows the practice is an identity rather than a rule of thumb, and implements it as a rendered chart [...]
AquaContam: machine-learning models of drinking-water contamination learn who is monitored as much as where contamination occurs
Published: 2026-08-24
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Hydrology
Machine learning informs drinking-water monitoring, yet administrative data record the monitoring process as much as the contamination. Using AquaContam (over 4 million samples from 95,223 U.S. water systems and ambient monitoring locations), we find provenance proxies dominate feature attributions, and an apparent lead-model AUROC of 0.962 is largely a target- leakage artifact (corrected skill [...]
phytoclassShiny: a Guided Workflow for Phytoplankton Pigment Chemotaxonomy
Published: 2026-08-24
Subjects: Life Sciences, Marine Biology
Estimating phytoplankton community structure using diagnostic pigment biomarkers relies on chemotaxonomic tools like CHEMTAX and the mathematical improvements of the phytoclass R package. However, phytoclass requires programming experience that limits its accessibility to non-coders. We present phytoclassShiny, a free, open-source, offline R Shiny application that guides users through a linear, [...]
CRS Methodology to the Realmonte Salt mine, southwestern Sicily: an application for hydrogen storage potential site in Italy.
Published: 2026-08-23
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Geology, Mining Engineering, Multivariate Analysis, Risk Analysis, Sustainability
As Sicily expands its renewable energy portfolio, the need for large-scale energy storage becomes increasingly urgent to ensure supply-demand balance. Hydrogen storage in salt caverns represents a promising solution in this context. This study presents the first real-world application of the Common Risk Segment (CRS) methodology, originally developed for oil and gas exploration and recently [...]
Mass-Transport Complex Top Surface Morphology Controls Turbidity Current Evolution Over Millennial Timescales
Published: 2026-08-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Slope failures and related gravity currents are key mechanisms by which sediment is remobilized, transported, and deposited on most of continental margins. Their deposits, which include mass-transport complexes (MTCs) and turbidites, are commonly deposited in close spatial and temporal association and constitute key depositional elements filling sedimentary basins. Previous studies have revealed [...]
Global temperature calibrations based on 3-hydroxy fatty acids in lacustrine settings
Published: 2026-08-22
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences
Lakes are important archives of palaeoclimate records on the continent and decoding them could improve the parameterization of climate models to better predict the future. However, the limited temperature proxies currently applicable in lake environments make high-resolution climate records scarce. 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs) are bacterial lipids which have recently been proposed as [...]
A differential linear perturbation method for apparent I.P. calculations
Published: 2026-08-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
3-D induced polarization (I.P.) surveys are widely used in exploration of minerals particularly those that contain conductive minerals sulfides that frequently occur in areas with complex geology. The linear perturbation method is frequently used to calculate the apparent resistivity and I.P. values. This method treats the I.P. effect as a linear change of a base conductivity model. The apparent [...]
Dense vertical profiling of the natural magnetic field with a suspended QuSpin QTFM Gen 2 under azimuth-balanced acquisition
Published: 2026-08-22
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Sensor height is part of the observation geometry of a magnetic survey. We quantified how processed, azimuth-balanced total magnetic field changed with sensor height above ground level (AGL) for a suspended QuSpin QTFM Gen 2 at four agricultural-field sites in Xã Bác Ái Tây, Khánh Hòa, Vietnam. The sensor was suspended 20 m below a geophysical drone helicopter. At each nominal condition from 25.0 [...]