Preprints
There are 6828 Preprints listed.
PDCD-DAT – A global database of pyroclastic density current deposit field data
Published: 2026-04-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Pyroclastic density currents represent one of the deadliest hazards posed by active volcanoes. Analysis of their deposits provides valuable insights into their internal dynamics and informs numerical simulations of pyroclastic density currents which underpin many volcanic hazard assessments. We present PDCD-DAT, a global database of pyroclastic density current deposit characteristics compiled [...]
Storm life cycle modulates extreme hydroclimate impact risk: a Great Lakes Region case study
Published: 2026-04-18
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Fresh Water Studies, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Extratropical cyclones (ETCs) drive hydroclimate variability in the Great Lakes, yet their impacts vary widely between events. Here, we classify ETCs into two storm types using an unsupervised clustering approach based on storm properties and evolution. The resulting classes differ systematically in life cycle stage at Great Lakes entry. Using bootstrap-estimated risk ratios and risk differences, [...]
EXPLORATION OF WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT DECISION SUPPORT POTENTIAL IN DATA SCARCE WATERSHEDS AND ASSOCIATED DATA POLICY NEEDS
Published: 2026-04-18
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering, Computational Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Hydrology, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Remote Sensing, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
Insufficient data access presents major challenges to scientific assessment of water resources, development of management plans, and attainment of water security. Hydrologic models are widely applied in the advisement of pollution, drought, and flood mitigation strategies; their accuracy relies on data used in setup and calibration. A case study of Sasumua River Watershed in Kenya illustrates [...]
Soil-informed multivariate decision support to assess urban ecosystem service potential
Published: 2026-04-17
Subjects: Agriculture, Applied Mathematics, Applied Statistics, Biodiversity, Dynamical Systems, Multivariate Analysis, Natural Resources and Conservation, Remote Sensing, Soil Science, Spatial Science, Sustainability, Theory and Algorithms
Metropolitan expansion across Africa requires robust soil information to support ecosystem services and urban resilience. However, digital soil mapping often prioritises predictive accuracy over identifying where information is reliable for decision making. This study evaluated numerical and South African Soil Taxonomy within a decision framework to assess where ecosystem service inferences can [...]
Beyond universal access: mapping regional inequalities and spatial coldspots in India’s WaSH sector toward SDG 6
Published: 2026-04-17
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
National averages can conceal significant sectoral disparities and long-standing subnational injustices, despite the fact that India’s flagship programs had significantly improved access to water and sanitation. This report provided a thorough, data-driven evaluation of the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) in all 37 Indian states and union territories (UTs) using 25 indicators. Pearson’s [...]
Meteorite Classification Using Triple Oxygen Isotopes
Published: 2026-04-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
For decades, measurements of all three isotopes of oxygen have been made in a handful of specialized laboratories around the world. These measurements either confirm meteorite classifications or prevent misclassification of terrestrial materials. Isotope geochemists making these measurements, in collaboration with meteorite enthusiasts and scientists, frequently receive questions regarding best [...]
Beyond national averages: a multi-method assessment of sub-national environmental sustainability and inequality in India
Published: 2026-04-17
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
India’s rapid economic growth regularly jeopardizes its environmental foundation, although important sub-national differences were typically hidden by national-level evaluations. For all 37 Indian states and union territories (UTs), this study creates the Composite index of Environmental Sustainability (CoES), a comprehensive multi-dimensional framework that integrates 36 indicators across 4 [...]
Scaling Spatiotemporal Transformers for Regional Food Security: A Tri-Stream Latent-Dynamic Approach to Pre-Harvest Yield and Price Forecasting
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Pre-harvest yield forecasting and price stability prediction are critical for food security planning in climate-vulnerable regions, yet existing approaches struggle to integrate heterogeneous data streams spanning satellite imagery, historical agricultural statistics, and socioeconomic indicators. We present the Tri-Stream Latent-Dynamic Transformer (TLDT), a novel deep learning architecture that [...]
Multi-Feature Fusion for Grassland Information Extraction and Temporal Change Monitoring
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering
Grasslands, as an important terrestrial ecosystem, play a vital role in maintaining ecological security and promoting regional sustainable development. However, in complex mountainous environments, grassland information extraction often suffers from insufficient accuracy, and the underlying mechanisms driving its changes remain unclear. To address these issues, this study takes Chengbu Miao [...]
Prevalence and associated factors of microbial water quality from drinking water in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis study
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Public Health
Introduction Drinking water contamination is a worldwide problem and causes a major public health threat, with most water contamination prevalent in developing countries, including Ethiopia. There is no pooled overall prevalence of fecal coliform contamination and its contributing factors in drinking water in Ethiopia. Method The review was conducted under the Preferred Reporting Items for [...]
From Progress to Transformation: A Systems-Based Index for Measuring Agrifood Systems Transformation
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: International and Area Studies
This paper introduces the Agrifood Systems Transformation Index (AFSTI), a systems-based framework for measuring agrifood systems transformation as a multidimensional, goaloriented, and interdependent process. Existing measurement approaches often fail to capture the systemic nature of transformation, relying on fragmented indicators or additive aggregation methods that mask imbalance across key [...]
VolcAshDB open services for visualization and semi-automated classification of volcanic ash particles
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Volcanic ash particles contain critical pieces of information about their origin and the processes driving the eruptive activity. However, the classification of particles into different types (juvenile, lithic, free crystal, altered material) is not standardized and varies from observer to observer. As a result, datasets produced by different research groups are often difficult or not possible to [...]
A moving wave probe reveals a friction kernel hidden by phase averaging in turbulence
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Fluid Dynamics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Coarse-graining routinely discards fluctuations whose one-time mean vanishes, yet irreversible transport is controlled by two-time correlations. Here we introduce a moving-probe protocol that detects transport channels hidden by this discard operation. A prescribed wave-like carrier isolates a chosen bilinear coupling in a stochastic bath. Three falsifiable controls distinguish genuine [...]
Changes in soil moisture availability and water yield in response to longleaf pine restoration in southeast Texas
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Forest Management, Forest Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Other Forestry and Forest Sciences
Our study, based in Trinity County, Texas, focused on whether strategic management of longleaf pine forest could promote a less water-intensive land cover type. We modeled soil evapotranspiration (ET) by measuring vertically stratified soil moisture (15-120 cm) across five forest monitoring sites, four of which received restoration treatments, and one served as a control. Forest attributes, [...]
Dueling dynamics of low-angle normal fault rupture with splay faulting and off-fault damage
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology
Despite a lack of modern large earthquakes on shallowly dipping normal faults, Holocene Mw>7 low-angle normal fault (LANF; dip<30°) ruptures are preserved paleoseismically and inferred from historical earthquake and tsunami accounts. Even in well-recorded megathrust earthquakes, the effects of non-linear off-fault plasticity and dynamically reactivated splay faults on shallow deformation [...]