Preprints
There are 6821 Preprints listed.
Terrestrial formation of calcium sulfate and carbonate assemblages in Atacama CO chondrites: Implications for Martian evaporitic environments
Published: 2026-04-15
Subjects: Cosmochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Planetary Geochemistry, Planetary Geology, Planetary Mineral Physics, Planetary Sciences
Evaporites are frequently reported in carbonaceous chondrites from hot and cold deserts, yet their origin remains debated between formation on the parent body or by post-fall terrestrial alteration. Here, we present a systematic characterization of Ca sulfate and Ca carbonate assemblages in four CO carbonaceous chondrites from different dense collection areas of the Atacama Desert (Los Vientos [...]
Accretionary Pedogenesis and Holocene Climate Evolution in Black Soil Region of Northeast China: Evidence from a Sedimentary Profile
Published: 2026-04-15
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The black soil region of the Songnen Plain, one of the world's three major black soil belts, is critical for China's grain security, yet the formation mechanism of its thick, organic-rich soils remains insufficiently quantified. In this study, we investigate the ZYHPM01 profile in the eastern Songnen Plain using grain-size end-member analysis (EMA), multi-proxy geochemical tracers, and [...]
How Would You Like Your SAR Flood Model? A Full-Stack, AI-Enabled Perspective on Operational Flood Mapping
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology
Flood mapping with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has long been framed primarily as a problem of improving inundation detection algorithms. That framing has produced major advances, but it increasingly understates what operational flood monitoring actually requires. In practice, useful flood products depend on the coordinated performance of data access, preprocessing, ancillary information, model [...]
A Google Earth Engine Tool for Mapping Key Metrics of Glacier Health from Space
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Satellite-based observations enable monitoring of glacier health metrics, essential for assessing glacier response to climate change and the environmental services they provide. Here, we present a Google Earth Engine tool for automated mapping of key climate- and mass balance- modulated parameters, including total visible ice area, snow-covered area (SCA), accumulation-area ratio, and snowline [...]
Estimating the ice thickness and water depth of a frozen lake using flexural waves recorded by distributed acoustic sensing
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Information about frozen lakes, including ice rigidity, ice thickness, and water depth, is essential for both environmental studies and practical applications. Although these properties can be measured in the field, such measurements are labor-intensive and spatially limited, motivating the development of alternative observation methods. Seismic waves offer an alternative approach to studying [...]
Geospatial Machine Learning for Predicting Flash Flood Response at Ungauged Appalachian Watersheds: Terrain, Soil, and Land Cover Controls
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Flash floods remain among the deadliest weather hazards in the United States, yet the majority of flood-prone watersheds in the Appalachian region lack streamflow monitoring. Predicting flood response characteristics at these ungauged sites requires understanding which landscape properties control hydrologic behavior. This study evaluates whether geospatial basin descriptors derived from [...]
Geostatistical Assessment of Shallow Groundwater Risk in Urban Coastal Virginia: A Case Study from Virginia Beach
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Hydrology, Life Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Water Resource Management
Urban groundwater assessments in coastal cities often rely on public monitoring datasets that are spatially uneven and temporally discontinuous. This study evaluates shallow groundwater risk in Virginia Beach, Virginia, using 30 years of records (1991–2020) from 121 monitoring wells for groundwater levels and 55 wells with groundwater‑quality data for chloride (Cl), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). [...]
Increasing Floods and Intensifying Droughts: The Future of Hydrological Extremes in a Warming Climate
Published: 2026-04-13
Subjects: Hydrology, Water Resource Management
Understanding how climate change alters the frequency and severity of hydrological extremes is critical for anticipating regional vulnerabilities and guiding adaptation. In this study, we analyze changes in the magnitude, intensity, and duration of extreme streamflow events, both floods and droughts, under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios using the FutureStreams dataset. This dataset, driven by [...]
Paleoarchean seawater and seafloor hydrothermal processes: insights from 3.5 to 3.3 Ga carbonate geochemistry
Published: 2026-04-13
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Carbonates (3.5 to 3.3 Ga) in the East Pilbara Terrane (EPT), Western Australia, including interstitial carbonate between pillow basalts, fracture-filling calcite, sedimentary carbonates and carbonate associated with stromatolites, provide valuable geochemical archives for reconstructing Early Earth environments. This study highlights three key findings: (1) Fracture-filling calcite D-2-W from [...]
Modelling Forest Structure and Aboveground Biomass Dynamics in Southwestern Nigeria Using GEDI LiDAR and Multi-Sensor Fusion
Published: 2026-04-13
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geography
This study modelled canopy height and aboveground biomass (AGB) dynamics across Southwestern Nigeria (2020–2025) by integrating GEDI LiDAR metrics with multi-sensor predictors, including optical, radar, topographic, and environmental variables. Using machine learning, the research quantified forest degradation and associated carbon loss in this data-scarce tropical region. Model performance was [...]
Agent-based Modelling of Microbialite Formation through Sedimentation and Precipitation Dynamics
Published: 2026-04-13
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Other Earth Sciences, Paleobiology, Paleontology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Fossil microbialites resulting from the interplay of sedimentation and microbially induced precipitation are among the oldest evidence of life on Earth and help geobiologists interpret many sedimentary environments. However, the factors governing their internal structure and external morphology are still poorly understood. Additionally, abiotic processes can mimic the morphology of some [...]
Land-use change impacts on multidimensional well-being: insights from tropical forest frontiers in Madagascar, Myanmar and Laos
Published: 2026-04-13
Subjects: Life Sciences
Tropical forest frontiers are undergoing rapid land use change due to expanding global demands for agricultural commodities and conservation efforts. These changes profoundly affect the well-being of local populations, yet the pathways linking land use, ecosystem services, and well-being remain underexplored. This study examines these links across three forest frontier landscapes in Madagascar, [...]
Anthropogenic acceleration of the leaky nitrogen cycle across the global land-river continuum
Published: 2026-04-13
Subjects: Life Sciences
Lateral nitrogen transfer (LNT) along the land-river continuum plays a critical role in regulating global nitrogen (N) cycling and its feedbacks to climate, yet it remains poorly represented in land surface models. Here, we incorporate LNT into a global land surface model within an Earth System Model framework, enabling a process-based quantification of N transport, transformation, and associated [...]
Prediction of Land Surface Temperature under overcast skies using Data Fusion and Deep Learning approach
Published: 2026-04-12
Subjects: Geographic Information Sciences, Remote Sensing, Spatial Science
Land Surface Temperature (Ts) is an essential input to drive surface energy balance for modelling terrestrial ecosystem processes. It serves as a vital indicator of drought, global change, urban heat islands, public health, and most importantly to understand monsoonal water stress signatures. Thermal InfraRed (TIR) remote sensing is the only source to retrieve Ts. Retrieval of Ts in the tropics [...]
Beyond the 100-kyr and 41-kyr dichotomy: ~76- and ~52-kyr signals and forbidden periodicities in Quaternary glacial cycles
Published: 2026-04-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
While the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT) is often described as a shift from 41-kyr to ~100-kyr glacial cycles, this binary perspective fails to capture the nuanced spectral evolution of Quaternary climate. Applying wavelet-based spectral analysis to benthic d18O records, we identify previously underappreciated signals－~52 kyr before 1.2 Ma and ~76 kyr thereafter－marking the MPT's onset. [...]