Preprints
There are 4713 Preprints listed.
Fracture criteria and tensile strength for natural glacier ice calibrated from remote sensing observations of Antarctic ice shelves
Published: 2024-06-24
Subjects: Glaciology
The conditions under which ice fractures and calves icebergs from Antarctic ice shelves are poorly understood due largely to a lack of relevant observations. Though previous studies have estimated the stresses at which ice fractures in the laboratory and through sparse observations, there remains significant uncertainty in the applicability of these results to naturally deforming glacier ice on [...]
Shallow storage conditions at Krafla IDDP-1 revealed by rhyolite-MELTS geobarometry, and implications for global shallow magmatism
Published: 2024-06-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Other Earth Sciences, Volcanology
Identifying the storage depths of melt-dominated magma bodies prior to eruption is critical for understanding magma transport, eruption hazards, and magma body longevity. Rhyolite-MELTS has been used effectively to calculate pre-eruptive storage pressures for silicic magma bodies in the upper crust (~100-350 MPa), but its precision and accuracy in very low-pressure systems (<100 MPa) has not [...]
One Belt, Many Roads: Investigating China’s Foreign Investment and Land-use Impacts in Southeast Asia
Published: 2024-06-22
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Natural Resource Economics
Foreign direct investment (FDI) can reshape landscapes in developing countries, but its impact remains unclear. This study examines how China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) FDI impacts land-cover and land-use change in Southeast Asia, a key trade partner receiving significant Chinese infrastructure investments. Focusing on areas with BRI investments from 2008 to 2018, we utilize satellite data [...]
How Will Precipitation Characteristics Associated with Tropical Cyclones in Diverse Synoptic Environments Respond to Climate Change?
Published: 2024-06-22
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) can produce large rainfall totals which lead to devastating flooding, loss of life, and significant damage to infrastructure. Here we focus on three North Atlantic TCs that impacted the southeastern United States: Hurricanes Floyd (1999), Matthew (2016), and Florence (2018). While these storms were impactful when they occurred, how might the impacts of similar [...]
Focus of the IPCC Assessment Reports Has Shifted to Lower Temperatures
Published: 2024-06-22
Subjects: Life Sciences
We focus on how different global temperature increases represented in IPCC reports have shifted over time. While the first four assessment reports had a roughly equal focus on temperatures above and below 2°C, the more recent fifth and sixth assessment reports have a considerably stronger focus on warming below 2°C. This is concerning as warming above 2°C is more likely given current emissions [...]
Effect of climate variability, crop production, and household food insecurity on malnutrition among women: A mediation analysis from a drought-prone area in Southern Ethiopia
Published: 2024-06-22
Subjects: Medical Sciences
Malnutrition is viewed as one of climate change's five most considerable adverse health impacts. As many previous studies have shown correlations between climate, food production, and social factors on the nutritional status of women, we hypothesized a causal effect of climate variations on crop production, household food security, and our outcome, the nutritional status of adult women. Using a [...]
WITHDRAWN: It’s Not Climate Change: It’s Overpopulation
Published: 2024-06-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Looming Crisis: Global Groundwater Depletion and its Unseen Impacts, Climate Change
Published: 2024-06-21
Subjects: Agriculture, Earth Sciences, Environmental Education, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences
Groundwater depletion is a growing threat to global sustainability, impacting ecosystems, agriculture, and human populations. This viewpoint explores the causes and consequences of unsustainable groundwater extraction, highlighting its far-reaching effects on local and global climates. The paper examines specific examples from various regions worldwide, showcasing the widespread nature of this [...]
Embracing uncertainty: foundations of a learning system for food systems transformation
Published: 2024-06-21
Subjects: Social and Behavioral Sciences
We propose a transformative learning system based on a review of uncertainty emerging from system complexity. The framework is built on locally led action and embedded in a learning system that aiming at transforming the food systems. It is widely agreed that food systems need transformative change to meet societal goals. However, despite this agreement, the implementation of a systems [...]
Detecting methane emissions from palm oil mills with airborne and spaceborne imaging spectrometers
Published: 2024-06-21
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Monitoring, Water Resource Management
Methane (CH4) emissions from human activities are a major cause of global warming, necessitating effective mitigation strategies. In particular, the palm oil industry generates palm oil mill effluent (POME), which continuously emits methane into the atmosphere. Satellites are becoming a powerful tool to detect and quantify methane emissions, but there is no evidence of their ability to monitor [...]
Enhanced Petrogenic Organic Carbon Oxidation during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
Published: 2024-06-21
Subjects: Life Sciences
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a transient global warming event associated with rapid inputs of carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system. The oxidation of petrogenic organic carbon (OCpetro) may have acted as a positive feedback mechanism that helped prolong the PETM. However, there are few proxies that can estimate OCpetro oxidation in the geological past. Previous studies have [...]
The sensitivity of lowermost mantle anisotropy to past mantle convection
Published: 2024-06-20
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Mineral Physics
It is widely believed that seismic anisotropy in the lowermost mantle is caused by the flow-induced alignment of anisotropic crystals such as post-perovskite. What is unclear, however, is whether the anisotropy observations in the lowermost mantle hold information about past mantle flow, or if they only inform us about the present-day flow field. To investigate this, we compare the general and [...]
Loss of Schooling from Tropical Cyclones: Evidence from 13 Low- and Middle-income Countries
Published: 2024-06-19
Subjects: Environmental Public Health, Environmental Studies
Increasing educational attainment is one of the most important and effective tools for health and economic improvements. The extent to which extreme climate events disrupt education, resulting in fewer years of schooling and reduced educational attainment, remains under-studied. Children in low- and middle-income countries may be uniquely vulnerable to loss of schooling after such disasters due [...]
Surface energy and mass balance of Mera Glacier (Nepal, Central Himalaya) and their sensitivity to temperature and precipitation
Published: 2024-06-19
Subjects: Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The sensitivity of glacier mass balance to temperature and precipitation variations is crucial for informing models that simulate glaciers’ response to climate change. In this study, we simulate the glacier-wide mass balance of Mera Glacier with a surface energy balance model, driven by in-situ meteorological data, from 2016 to 2020. The analysis of the share of the energy fluxes of the glacier [...]
Diversity at Goldschmidt conference
Published: 2024-06-19
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Cosmochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Planetary Biogeochemistry, Planetary Geochemistry, Planetary Sciences
The field of geochemistry has grown significantly over the past seventy years, contributing to our understanding of Earth's processes. However, geochemists often identify with broader fields like geology or oceanography, reflecting an identity crisis within the discipline. The Goldschmidt Conference, established in 1988, serves as a central international meeting for geochemists, promoting their [...]