Preprints
There are 6715 Preprints listed.
Spectral seismic interferometry: Efficient monitoring of unbiased seismic velocity changes at high temporal resolution
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ambient noise based monitoring of subsurface velocity changes does not require the explicit retrieval of Green's functions by correlation. Velocity variations can directly be observed from the fluctuations in the spectrograms of ambient noise time series or their cross-spectra. This approach is more resource efficient than the conventional Green's function based monitoring and ideally suited for [...]
Seismological models based on a hybrid deep-learning strategy reveal tectonic features and earthquake risk in the Sichuan-Yunnan region
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Sichuan-Yunnan region is a critical tectonic zone for understanding continental deformation and seismic hazards. We developed a hybrid deep-learning strategy that integrates multi-scale phase picking and high-precision first-motion polarity identification, significantly improving regional seismic monitoring. This approach yielded a unified 2013-2022 high-resolution dataset, including -180,000 [...]
Dataset of DInSAR wrapped phase signals for AI-based automated detection and classification of mass movements
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
With the growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in remote sensing of mass movements, available datasets for model training and validation are increasingly needed. Although Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) is a widely used technique for studying mass movements, wrapped interferograms remain less exploited, and the importance of geomorphological expertise in their [...]
Buoyancy of volatile-rich kimberlite melts, magma ascent, and xenolith transport
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Kimberlite melts are primary carriers of mantle-derived carbon and hydrogen, playing an important role in Earth’s deep carbon cycle and diamond transport. Their low densities, viscosities, and vapor exsolution enable fast ascent rates. Ascending from the upper mantle, kimberlite melts incorporate xenoliths and xenocrysts and exsolve volatiles. These processes alter their initial composition, [...]
MJO Phase-Response Diagnostic Skill Reflects Convective Regime Contingency Beyond Coupling Strength Across Tropical Sites
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
MJO phase composites are the standard tool for building tropical rainfall diagnostic frameworks. The coupling strength between the MJO phase and local rainfall is routinely used to justify their application. Whether coupling strength alone guarantees diagnostic skill — or whether the nature of the underlying convective regime is the additional governing condition — has not been examined. We [...]
Urban Green Cover and Land Surface Temperature in Ho Chi Minh City: A Remote Sensing Analysis of Vegetation Cooling Effects Across Historical Development Rings, 1990–2025
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring
Ho Chi Minh City's 11.3 million residents live in a landscape shaped by four political regimes — French colonial, wartime, socialist, and market-era — each of which built the city it needed and left the green space debt for the next. Using Sentinel-2 and Landsat satellite imagery from 1990 to 2025, we map vegetation cover and surface temperature across the city at 100-meter resolution and trace [...]
Analyzing Seasonal Variations in Air Quality with Google Earth Engine: A Case Study of Chattogram, Bangladesh
Published: 2026-03-26
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences
Air pollution is a serious environmental challenge in Bangladesh, significantly affecting public health and the ecosystem. This study considers analyzing the seasonal fluctuation of air quality in Chattogram by analyzing 13 significant areas near the industrial zone by using Google Earth Engine (GEE) to explore the SENTINEL-5P satellite data for key pollutants, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), [...]
A Systematic Review of Arsenic, Lead, and Manganese Occurrence through Drinking Water in East Africa
Published: 2026-03-25
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Toxic metals (TMs) harm human health, causing cancers, irreversible neurocognitive impairment, and cardiovascular disease. Drinking water is an important source of exposure to TMs. However, current peer-reviewed literature does not adequately capture or synthesize the extent of TM occurrence in drinking water in East Africa. The goal of this systematic review is to report and synthesize available [...]
Trade Openness, Monetary Policy Shocks, and Welfare in Malawi: A Structural VAR Approach.
Published: 2026-03-25
Subjects: International and Area Studies
Small open economies face complex interactions between external trade dynamics and domestic monetary policy. For Malawi, persistent inflation, exchange rate instability, and dependence on primary commodity exports raise important questions about the relative roles of trade openness and monetary policy in shaping welfare outcomes. This study examines how trade and monetary shocks affect welfare, [...]
Uncertainty-Aware Bayesian Machine Learning for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping: in the Chattogram Metropolitan Hill System, Bangladesh
Published: 2026-03-25
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
Landslide-prone hilly regions experiencing rapid urban expansion need susceptibility models that provide both robust predictive performance and transparent uncertainty estimates. This study develops an uncertainty-aware probabilistic framework for landslide susceptibility mapping in Bangladesh’s Chattogram metropolitan hill system, incorporating 14 conditioning factors: geomorphological, [...]
SIM4Action: An Interactive Platform for Social-Environmental Systems Mapping and Causal Analysis
Published: 2026-03-25
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Studies, Hydraulic Engineering, Life Sciences
SIM4Action is an open-source, browser-based platform for participatory analysis of complex socio-environmental systems through interactive causal network graphs. Existing systems mapping tools require practitioners to combine separate software for map construction, network analysis, and causal simulation; none provides an integrated workflow accessible to non-technical stakeholders. SIM4Action [...]
An assessment of small rural and micro-enterprises as pathways out of poverty. Insights from KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Published: 2026-03-25
Subjects: International and Area Studies
Rural poverty continues to pose a significant development challenge in South Africa, marked by pronounced inequality, persistent unemployment, and substantial dependence on social grants. The present study investigates whether household-level micro and small enterprises (MSEs) function as effective pathways out of poverty or primarily as coping mechanisms for survival in the Izingolweni area of [...]
Accuracy, Robustness and Comprehensibility – Challenges in bottom-up energy system models
Published: 2026-03-24
Subjects: Electrical and Computer Engineering
This work provides a comprehensive framework for addressing key research gaps in bottom-up energy system modeling. While the field has experienced significant advancements in recent decades, largely due to improvements in computational capabilities and data availability, current models face persistent challenges in accuracy, robustness, and comprehensibility. While numerous review papers have [...]
Sustainable Design from Waste Up: Irradiated Graphite Disposal Assessments to Inform Reactor Design and Operation
Published: 2026-03-24
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
As Gen IV graphite-moderated reactor technologies advance to demonstration and deployment, the question must be answered of how, where, and when to dispose of the irradiated graphite waste produced from the operation of these facilities. This work presents an integrated assessment involving the entire graphite lifecycle in nuclear power production: impurity measurement of graphite grades, reactor [...]
Agricultural expansion and intensification in Brazil: A literature synthesis of dynamics, drivers, and implications
Published: 2026-03-24
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Human Geography, Nature and Society Relations, Other Geography, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Spatial Science
Brazil’s long-term agricultural development reflects a complex interplay between human-driven land-use change and natural ecosystems. Since the 1960s, agricultural production in Brazil has expanded rapidly, driven by global food demand and national economic growth, through two primary pathways: (1) agricultural expansion via conversion of natural vegetation, particularly forests, and (2) [...]