Preprints
There are 6416 Preprints listed.
Calcium promotes carbon rich grassland soils
Published: 2026-01-15
Subjects: Biogeochemistry
Dark colored grassland soils, known as Mollisols, are intensively farmed and exceptionally rich in organic matter, and hence have an important role in the carbon cycle. Elevated carbon storage in Mollisols may be facilitated by calcium (Ca) released by carbonate and silicate weathering. This synergy between carbon and Ca cycling has not been definitively quantified. To close this knowledge gap, [...]
Global sediment transport intermittency is set by river planform
Published: 2026-01-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Sedimentology
Patterns of water and sediment flux in rivers are key to understanding landscape responses to environmental change. Quantifying water intermittency in rivers (from perennial to ephemeral) provides vital context for interpreting long-term hydrographs and flood frequency, yet controls on corresponding sediment intermittency are poorly understood due to measurement challenges. We present the first [...]
The Coupling Cloud: A community database of megathrust kinematic coupling models
Published: 2026-01-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Kinematic coupling models inverted from geodetic data are widely used to evaluate how slip deficit is distributed along subduction megathrusts during the interseismic period, and are central to earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment. Yet, existing coupling models differ widely in methodology and inputs, lack common community standards, and are scattered across publications and repositories. [...]
Generation of Random Geological Models Using Multi-Randomization for Machine Learning
Published: 2026-01-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Assessing the Impact of Wind Erosion in Baringo County, Kenya
Published: 2026-01-13
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Geomorphology, Soil Science
Wind erosion poses substantial threats to soil health and agricultural productivity in arid and semi-arid environments globally. In response to the escalating environmental challenge of wind erosion, this study, centered in Baringo County, employs a blend of remote sensing and GIS techniques alongside the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) model. The study spans a 25-year period, with a main [...]
Thermodynamically constrained closed-form surface energy balance using medium-resolution remote sensing for efficient evapotranspiration mapping
Published: 2026-01-13
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Medium-resolution (10-100 m) satellite evapotranspiration (ET) products are rapidly advancing agricultural water resources research and management, however, underperformance across non-agricultural land cover limits research and application potentials more broadly. These inconsistencies are the result of multiple factors, including model structure and representation of ET dynamics across space [...]
Democratizing Environmental Data via the Model Context Protocol: A Service-Oriented Architecture for Environmental Intelligence
Published: 2026-01-13
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Meteorology, Software Engineering, Sustainability
Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly agentic AI, have created opportunities to improve efficiency and accuracy in addressing sustainability and environmental problems. Agentic AIs autonomously plan and execute towards specific goals with minimal or no human intervention; however, accessing environmental data is challenging and requires expertise, due to inherent fragmentation [...]
The magnitude of equilibrium isotope fractionation of Mg between forsterite, diopside and melt at liquidus temperatures
Published: 2026-01-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Mineral Physics
We examine the equilibrium fractionation of Mg isotopes between forsterite, diopside, and a coexisting melt at liquidus temperatures using a combination of analyses of petrological-experiment products and atomic-scale simulations. Our experiment yields ∆²⁶Mgol/melt = -0.058 ± 0.032 ‰ (2s.e.) and ∆²⁶Mgcpx/melt = 0.060 ± 0.034 ‰ (2s.e.) for crystals grown from a near-cotectic basaltic melt in the [...]
Role of Lithospheric and Upper-Mantle Heterogeneities in Controlling Intraplate Seismicity in Central and Southeastern Brazil
Published: 2026-01-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology
Seismicity in Central and Southeastern Brazil is spatially heterogeneous, with active zones showing little correspondence to major geological provinces, a pattern typical of many intraplate settings worldwide. While previous studies have explored possible controls using geophysical observations, the relative roles of crustal and upper-mantle heterogeneities in shaping the regional stress fields [...]
ForamJ – A Tool for the Reproducible, Semi-automated Analysis of Foraminifera Micro Computed Tomography Datasets
Published: 2026-01-11
Subjects: Paleobiology, Paleontology, Research Methods in Life Sciences
The application of micro-computed tomography (µCT) to foraminiferal test analysis has opened new avenues for high-resolution, non-destructive 3D characterisation of internal and external morphological features. However, existing workflows are typically limited by low throughput, manual segmentation, and reliance on proprietary software, constraining dataset reproducibility and scalability. Here [...]
Paleolatitude.org 3.0: a calculator for paleoclimate and paleobiology studies based on a new global paleogeography model
Published: 2026-01-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Paleogeography, and particularly the paleolatitude, provides key context in the interpretation of paleoclimatic and paleobiological data but these fields are typically studied by scientists in different disciplines. To facilitate communication between these disciplines, a decade ago the online Paleolatitude.org calculator was developed. This provided for any coordinate on stable tectonic plates a [...]
Global assessment of terrestrial water cycle resilience
Published: 2026-01-10
Subjects: Sustainability, Water Resource Management
Green water - transpiration, soil moisture, and land precipitation - is critical for Earth system stability and ecosystem productivity. Despite evidence of considerable and widespread change globally, its resilience, or ability to absorb and recover from disturbances, is not yet well understood. Here, we assess green water resilience using early warning signals (EWS) applied to global satellite [...]
Earth as a Reference System for Ultraviolet Transmission Spectroscopy: A Computational Model of Oxygen Detectability
Published: 2026-01-10
Subjects: Astrophysics and Astronomy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences
Detecting atmospheres around Earth-sized exoplanets is a critical step toward identifying potentially habitable worlds, yet such atmospheres produce extremely weak observational signals. This study investigates the detectability of an Earth-like atmosphere using ultraviolet transmission spectroscopy and examines which wavelength ranges provide the strongest atmospheric signatures during planetary [...]
Mineral properties identified as most influential drivers of mineral-associated organic carbon formation using a community-based sorption database
Published: 2026-01-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) storage has the potential to substantially offset anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Globally, mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) constitutes the majority of SOC (~65%) and represents a more persistent SOC pool for sequestration. However, the factors controlling how much organic carbon sorbs to soil minerals remain poorly understood, limiting our ability to [...]
Scene-based spectral characterization of spaceborne imaging spectrometers in different spectral windows
Published: 2026-01-10
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Earth Sciences
Accurate knowledge of the spectral response of spaceborne imaging spectrometers, including center wavelength (CW) and full width at half maximum (FWHM), is essential for reliable retrievals of atmospheric and surface parameters from at-sensor radiance data. Pre-flight characterizations often fail to capture changes in spectral response arising from launch, orbital conditions, and instrument [...]