Preprints
There are 6831 Preprints listed.
A moving wave probe reveals a friction kernel hidden by phase averaging in turbulence
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Fluid Dynamics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Coarse-graining routinely discards fluctuations whose one-time mean vanishes, yet irreversible transport is controlled by two-time correlations. Here we introduce a moving-probe protocol that detects transport channels hidden by this discard operation. A prescribed wave-like carrier isolates a chosen bilinear coupling in a stochastic bath. Three falsifiable controls distinguish genuine [...]
Changes in soil moisture availability and water yield in response to longleaf pine restoration in southeast Texas
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Forest Management, Forest Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Other Forestry and Forest Sciences
Our study, based in Trinity County, Texas, focused on whether strategic management of longleaf pine forest could promote a less water-intensive land cover type. We modeled soil evapotranspiration (ET) by measuring vertically stratified soil moisture (15-120 cm) across five forest monitoring sites, four of which received restoration treatments, and one served as a control. Forest attributes, [...]
Dueling dynamics of low-angle normal fault rupture with splay faulting and off-fault damage
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology
Despite a lack of modern large earthquakes on shallowly dipping normal faults, Holocene Mw>7 low-angle normal fault (LANF; dip<30°) ruptures are preserved paleoseismically and inferred from historical earthquake and tsunami accounts. Even in well-recorded megathrust earthquakes, the effects of non-linear off-fault plasticity and dynamically reactivated splay faults on shallow deformation [...]
The Geological Pathway Diversity Model (GPDM): A Unified Classification and Predictive Framework for Anomalous Luminous Phenomena
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Other Physics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Anomalous luminous phenomena - recurring visible plasma events at fixed geographic locations, reported globally over centuries as earth lights, earthquake lights, and spook lights - lack a unified physical classification system and predictive framework. We present the Geological Pathway Diversity Model (GPDM), which proposes that these phenomena share a common underlying mechanism - Freund's [...]
Reconstructing Land Surface Temperature for Cloud-Covered Regions: A Review of Methods
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Climate, Other Earth Sciences
Understanding surface thermal conditions is essential for studying ecosystem responses, hydrological processes, and climate-driven environmental change. Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key parameter for studying a wide range of environmental and climatic processes. Although remote sensing technologies enable the acquisition of LST data on a global scale, satellite observations are frequently [...]
Knowledge for ambitious, integrated, value-explicit and just collective actions towards global biodiversity targets
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Biodiversity, Nature and Society Relations
Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) agreed upon goals and targets for biodiversity in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). The success of the GBF depends on the collective actions of the Parties, i.e. member states, to the CBD. Essential challenges in this context include ensuring that efforts across Parties are sufficient to collectively meet global [...]
Width-Saturated Fault Scaling and AI-Driven Seismic Hazard: A Global First-Principles Machine Learning Framework
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Traditional probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) relies on empirical magnitude-area scaling relationships that systematically overestimate energy release in large, geometrically saturated fault systems. This study presents a dynamic, data-driven framework integrating first-principles geophysics with Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) to produce a physics-informed global seismic hazard [...]
Widespread urban seismic quietening during the 2024 total solar eclipse
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Hydrogeology and assessment of the effect of oil-production activities in the Midway Valley area, western Kern County, California
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The southwestern San Joaquin Valley, California includes oil fields and oil-field water disposal facilities, (ponds and injection wells). The Tulare Formation and overlying alluvium comprise the main aquifers in the study area and are commonly used for produced water disposal. Water quality in the aquifers is naturally brackish (total dissolved solids (TDS) 3,000-10,000 mg/L) across most of the [...]
Association Between Coastal Water Exposure and Urinary Tract Infection in Adult Females
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Public Health
Gastrointestinal illness is a known risk of swimming in coastal waters which are contaminated by sewer overflows, septic tanks, domestic pets, or wildlife. Limited research has assessed the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) from recreating in coastal waters, even though they are an established reservoir of UTI pathogens. We performed a prospective study of beachgoers in Santa Cruz, [...]
Terrestrial formation of calcium sulfate and carbonate assemblages in Atacama CO chondrites: Implications for Martian evaporitic environments
Published: 2026-04-15
Subjects: Cosmochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Planetary Geochemistry, Planetary Geology, Planetary Mineral Physics, Planetary Sciences
Evaporites are frequently reported in carbonaceous chondrites from hot and cold deserts, yet their origin remains debated between formation on the parent body or by post-fall terrestrial alteration. Here, we present a systematic characterization of Ca sulfate and Ca carbonate assemblages in four CO carbonaceous chondrites from different dense collection areas of the Atacama Desert (Los Vientos [...]
Accretionary Pedogenesis and Holocene Climate Evolution in Black Soil Region of Northeast China: Evidence from a Sedimentary Profile
Published: 2026-04-15
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The black soil region of the Songnen Plain, one of the world's three major black soil belts, is critical for China's grain security, yet the formation mechanism of its thick, organic-rich soils remains insufficiently quantified. In this study, we investigate the ZYHPM01 profile in the eastern Songnen Plain using grain-size end-member analysis (EMA), multi-proxy geochemical tracers, and [...]
How Would You Like Your SAR Flood Model? A Full-Stack, AI-Enabled Perspective on Operational Flood Mapping
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology
Flood mapping with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has long been framed primarily as a problem of improving inundation detection algorithms. That framing has produced major advances, but it increasingly understates what operational flood monitoring actually requires. In practice, useful flood products depend on the coordinated performance of data access, preprocessing, ancillary information, model [...]
A Google Earth Engine Tool for Mapping Key Metrics of Glacier Health from Space
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Satellite-based observations enable monitoring of glacier health metrics, essential for assessing glacier response to climate change and the environmental services they provide. Here, we present a Google Earth Engine tool for automated mapping of key climate- and mass balance- modulated parameters, including total visible ice area, snow-covered area (SCA), accumulation-area ratio, and snowline [...]
Estimating the ice thickness and water depth of a frozen lake using flexural waves recorded by distributed acoustic sensing
Published: 2026-04-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Information about frozen lakes, including ice rigidity, ice thickness, and water depth, is essential for both environmental studies and practical applications. Although these properties can be measured in the field, such measurements are labor-intensive and spatially limited, motivating the development of alternative observation methods. Seismic waves offer an alternative approach to studying [...]