Preprints

There are 4236 Preprints listed.

ICESat-2 and ocean particulates: Building a roadmap for calculating Kd from space-based lidar photon profiles

Emily Eidam, Kelsey Bisson, Chao Wang, et al.

Published: 2023-11-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences

ICESat-2’s Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) has emerged as useful tool for calculating attenuation signals in natural surface waters, thus improving our understanding of particulates from open-ocean plankton to nearshore suspended terrigenous sediments. While several studies have employed methods based on Beer’s Law to derive attenuation coefficients (including through a [...]

From Zero to Hero: How to make the Carbon Management Challenge an ambitious lever in the climate fight

Stuart Jenkins, Ingrid Sundvor, Myles Robert Allen

Published: 2023-11-28
Subjects: Climate, Oil, Gas, and Energy

The Carbon Management Challenge (CMC) has set a goal of reaching a minimum of 1 billion tonnes per year of geological carbon dioxide storage by 2030. While in line geological storage required in the International Energy Agency’s Net Zero pathway, there is concern this may be a distraction from the imperative of reducing fossil fuel emissions. Here we show that, if presented in terms of an [...]

Unintended consequences of nature-based solutions: Social equity and flood buyouts

Sarah Elizabeth Walker, Natalie Bennett, Elizabeth A Smith, et al.

Published: 2023-11-25
Subjects: Environmental Studies

Nature-based solutions (NbS) can serve as effective strategies to promote the resilience of both people and ecosystems in the face of climate change. However, these solutions can exacerbate existing social inequities if they fail to adequately consider the complex social contexts in which they are implemented. To better understand the equity implications of NbS, and how to design and deliver such [...]

Reykjanes Peninsula's historical eruptions: SO2 emissions and future hazard implications

Alberto Caracciolo, Eniko Bali, Eemu Ranta, et al.

Published: 2023-11-23
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Volcanology

Exposure to volcanic SO2 can have adverse effects on human health, with severe respiratory disorders documented on the short- and long-term timescale. Here, we use melt inclusion (MI) and groundmass glass data to calculate syn-eruptive SO2 emission potentials across the Reykjanes peninsula (RP), the most populated area of Iceland that has recently undergone magmatic reactivation with the [...]

Plagioclase-saturated melt hygrothermobarometry and plagioclase-melt equilibria using machine learning

Kyra S. Cutler, Mike Cassidy, Jon Blundy

Published: 2023-11-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Compositions of plagioclase-melt pairs are commonly used to constrain temperatures (T), water contents (H2O) and pressures (P) of pre-eruptive magma storage. However, previous plagioclase-based thermometers, hygrometers, and barometers can have significant uncertainties, mainly resulting from the lack of error propagation of independently-constrained input variables (i.e., T/ H2O/P), leading to [...]

Towards parameterizing eddy-mediated transport of Warm Deep Water across the Weddell Sea continental slope

Nicolas Dettling, Martin Losch, Friederike Pollmann, et al.

Published: 2023-11-23
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The transport of Warm Deep Water (WDW) onto the Weddell Sea continental shelf is associated with a heat flux and strongly contributes to the melting of Antarctic ice shelves. The small radius of deformation at high latitudes makes it difficult to accurately represent the eddy-driven component of onshore WDW transport in coarse-resolution ocean models so that a parameterization becomes necessary. [...]

Diurnal Warm Layers in the ocean: Energetics, non-dimensional scaling, and parameterization

Mira Schmitt, Hieu Pham, Sutanu Sarkar, et al.

Published: 2023-11-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Diurnal Warm Layers (DWLs) form near the surface of the ocean on days with strong solar radiation, weak to moderate winds, and small surface-wave effects. Here, we identify the key non-dimensional parameters for DWL evolution, and use idealized Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and second-moment turbulence modelling, both including the effects of Langmuir turbulence, to study the properties and [...]

Luminescence Profiling and Flood Sediments from an Arctic Lake Over the Last Millenia

Anastasia Poliakova, Antony G Brown, David C. W. Sanderson, et al.

Published: 2023-11-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A small Arctic floodplain-lake (Tendammen, Colesdalen valley) in Svalbard revealed a laminated sediment sequence with numerous 14C AMS age-depth reversals in its 800 year history. In order to test the hypothesis that the anomalous dates result from catchment erosion and the deposition of reworked sediment and macrofossils, we applied luminescence profiling and flood-sensitive biological proxies. [...]

High resolution landslide susceptibility mapping using ensemble machine learning and geospatial big data

nirdesh sharma, Manabendra Saharia, GV Ramana

Published: 2023-11-22
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering

Landslide susceptibility represents the potential of slope failure for given geo-environmental conditions. The existing landslide susceptibility maps suffer from several limitations, such as being based on limited data, heuristic methodologies, low spatial resolution, and small areas of interest. In this study, we overcome all these limitations by developing a probabilistic framework that [...]

Calculating Standardised Indices Using SEI

Sam Allen, Noelia Otero

Published: 2023-11-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Standardised indices are measurements of variables on a standardised scale. The standardised scale facilitates comparisons between different variables, and its probabilistic interpretation means the indices are effective for risk management and decision making. Standardised indices have become popular in weather and climate settings, for example within operational drought monitoring systems, [...]

Rate-Controlled Porosimetry: A State-of-the-Art Review

Jeffrey Daniels, Michael T Myers, Lori Hathon

Published: 2023-11-22
Subjects: Petroleum Engineering

Rate-controlled porosimetry is a powerful technique for studying the pore structure of porous media and the physical properties of porous media. This technique involves injecting and extracting a non-wetting fluid at a controlled rate into and from a porous medium, resulting in a fluctuating capillary pressure trace as a function of the injected non-wetting fluid volume. This review introduces [...]

Geospatial Variation in Carbon Accounting of Low-Carbon Hydrogen Production Pathways: Implications for the Inflation Reduction Act

Valeria Vallejo, Quoc P Nguyen, Arvind Ravikumar

Published: 2023-11-21
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Systems Engineering

Low-carbon hydrogen is considered a key component of global energy system decarbonization strategy. The US Inflation Reduction Act includes incentives in the form of production tax credits for low-carbon hydrogen production, provided the lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions intensity (EI) of hydrogen is below 4 kg CO2e/kg H2. Blue hydrogen or hydrogen produced from natural gas coupled with [...]

Convergence in simulating global soil organic carbon by structurally different models after data assimilation

Feng Tao, Benjamin Z. Houlton, Yuanyuan Huang, et al.

Published: 2023-11-21
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences

The current generation of biogeochemical models produce large uncertainty in carbon-climate feedback projections. Structural differences in these models have been identified as a major source of inter-model uncertainties when simulating soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics worldwide. However, parameterization could also play a role, particularly when common observational data are used to constrain [...]

Advancing hydrological monitoring using image-based techniques: challenges and opportunities

Salvatore Manfreda, Domenico Miglino, Khim Cathleen Saddi, et al.

Published: 2023-11-18
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences

Enhanced and effective hydrological monitoring plays a crucial role in understanding water-related processes in a rapidly changing world. This paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with image-based hydrological monitoring techniques, and highlights the need for innovative approaches and technologies to overcome existing limitations. Image-based hydrological monitoring has [...]

Köppen Geiger climatic classification for R users.

Sofía Galván, Sara Gamboa, Sara Varela

Published: 2023-11-16
Subjects: Life Sciences

Here we introduce an R version of the Matlab function from Beck et al. (2018), designed to classify monthly temperature and precipitation data according to Köppen Geiger climate classification. As professionals working in Macroecology or Biogeography usually use R as their main programming language, we believe this will be extremely useful for the work of these scientific communities.

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