Preprints
There are 5887 Preprints listed.
Subsurface Lithologic Controls on Off-Fault Deformation and Multi-Fault Slip During the 2016 Mw 6.5 Norcia Earthquake Revealed by Satellite Geodesy
Published: 2025-08-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Understanding the mechanisms controlling deformation localization is crucial for our understanding of fault mechanics and improving seismic hazard assessment, but has not been extensively studied for normal-faulting earthquakes. Here, we present a thorough analysis of the 2016 Mw 6.5 Norcia, Italy, earthquake using high-resolution satellite geodesy. We investigate the degree of deformation [...]
The influence of historical sea-surface temperature patterns on regional precipitation trends
Published: 2025-08-06
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
State-of-the-art coupled global climate models (GCMs) fail to simulate key features of observed seasonal precipitation trends since 1980, including drying of the southwestern US, the southeastern US, East Africa, and subtropical South America, as well as wetting of the Maritime Continent and the Amazon. They also fail to simulate the sea-level pressure (SLP) trends since 1980 associated with a [...]
On the Origin of Slow and Large Earthquakes in South-Central Mexico
Published: 2025-08-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Slow slip events (SSEs) in Guerrero and Oaxaca, Mexico, have likely triggered five of the last six M7+ earthquakes in the region since 2012. This interaction, however, is non-systematic, as evidenced by the preceding 17 years of large earthquake quiescence, when multiple SSEs occurred without consequence. The Mexican catalog since 1800 reveals that large earthquakes cluster in time every ~15 [...]
DASNordicSLR - Sea Level Projections for Northern Europe
Published: 2025-08-05
Subjects: Oceanography
Sea level rise is an inevitable consequence and one of the most significant threats posed by climate change, increasing the risk of flooding in low-lying areas along the German coast. Based on the IPCC 6th Assessment Report (AR6) projections we aim to deliver improved projections of relative sea level change for Northern Europe’s coastal regions. These projections are available as spatial data up [...]
Geomodelling of multi-scenario non-stationary reservoirs with enhanced GANSim
Published: 2025-08-05
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Mining Engineering, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Reservoir geomodelling is critical for groundwater management, CO₂ storage, geothermal exploitation, and hydrocarbon exploration, yet traditional geostatistical methods like multiple-point statistics (MPS) struggle with simulating complex geological patterns. GANSim, a Generative Adversarial Networks-based geomodelling method, has proven effective for single-scenario stationary reservoirs, but [...]
Comparisons of tsunami inundation between homogeneous and heterogeneous earthquake sources at select sites for the Cascadia Subduction Zone.
Published: 2025-08-05
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Tsunami hazard severity — especially tsunami inundation depth — is related to the tsunami’s source mechanism. Traditionally, homogeneous earthquake rupture sources have been used as the source mechanism for tsunamis generated in the Cascadia Subduction Zone for re- gional hazard assessment. We show with 200 heterogeneous earthquake rupture sources how tsunami inundation hazards change for three [...]
Reconstructing Jezero Crater’s Paleoenvironment: Insights from Perseverance Rover and Orbital Data
Published: 2025-08-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences
Jezero Crater on Mars is a critical site for investigating ancient aqueous environments due to its preserved delta and lacustrine features. Reconstructing its paleoenvironmental history is essential for understanding Mars’ climate evolution and assessing its past habitability. This study integrates in-situ data from the Perseverance rover, including review for high-resolution imaging, [...]
Natural Origins of 3I/ATLAS: Why 3I/ATLAS is Not an Alien Probe
Published: 2025-08-04
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A number of scientists have talked about the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS (C/2023 A3) since it was found in 2025. This is mostly because Dr. Avi Loeb thinks the object could be an alien probe because of its size, path, and chemical ambiguity. This work looks closely at Loeb's claims and gives a fresh astrogeological reason for them: Another group of scientists found that the lithified clastic [...]
Bridging Ancestral Knowledge and Ecosystem Science for Coastal Restoration in Latin America
Published: 2025-08-04
Subjects: Biodiversity, Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Forest Sciences, Life Sciences, Marine Biology, Microbiology, Research Methods in Life Sciences, Systems Biology
Peer-review status: This manuscript has not been peer-reviewed. It is a preprint submitted for public dissemination and open feedback. This study documents the CALISUR methodology, a community-based mangrove restoration model rooted in ancestral ecological knowledge and applied across six intervention sites in the Gulf of Guayaquil. The methodology integrates scientific and traditional practices [...]
Artificial Intelligence in Earth Science: A GeoAI Perspective
Published: 2025-08-03
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
GeoAI, or geospatial artificial intelligence, has transformative potential for Earth science by integrating geospatial data with artificial intelligence to enhance environmental monitoring, predictive modeling, and decision-making. This commentary, based on the Greg Leptoukh Lecture at AGU 2024, explores the evolving role of GeoAI in addressing pressing challenges—from environmental change in the [...]
Phytoplankton Community Composition Retrieval from Space
Published: 2025-08-02
Subjects: Marine Biology
Phytoplankton community composition (PCCs) - also referred to as functional groups play a key role in ocean biogeochemical cycling, climate regulation, and marine ecosystem dynamics. Accurate quantification of these groups from satellite ocean color data remains challenging due to spectral similarities among phytoplank- ton types and the limitations of existing empirical and semi-analytical [...]
Post-Wildfire Indoor Pollution in WUI Areas Following the 2025 Los Angeles Fires — Part I: Establishing Baseline Contaminant Levels Prior to Home Reoccupation
Published: 2025-08-02
Subjects: Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences
Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires pose unique environmental pollution challenges due to the combustion of both natural vegetation and synthetic building materials. Following the 2025 Palisades and Eaton wildfires in Los Angeles, we conducted a field study to characterize indoor air quality and surface contamination in 19 homes before re-occupancy. Indoor PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ concentrations averaged [...]
Mantle-driven, climatically modulated landscape evolution in Southern Patagonia
Published: 2025-08-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences
We explore the relative importance of tectonic, geodynamic and surface processes in driving landscape evolution in Argentine Patagonia using 64 new 10Be exposure ages of fluvial terraces preserved over >250 km along the Shehuén and Santa Cruz rivers (50ºS). Terrace ages range from 33 ka to 1.5 Ma, and coincide with Patagonian glaciations. We demonstrate that landscapes can respond directly to [...]
Robust networks of rainfall extremes emerge despite fragile ocean monsoon causality under Internal variability
Published: 2025-08-02
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Meteorology, Oceanography
Climate ready multi sectoral risk management relies on understanding not only where extreme rainfall occurs but also how such events synchronize across regions and interact with internal climate modes. The stability of synchronized rainfall networks and remote climate forcings under internal climate variability (ICV), especially when aggregating ensemble simulations for statistical robustness, [...]
Spaceborne mineral mapping reduces dust’s shortwave radiative impact uncertainty
Published: 2025-08-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mineral dust impacts climate through complex interactions with radiation, which remain poorly quantified due to uncertainties in the amount of light-absorbing iron oxides within dust particles. NASA’s EMIT imaging spectrometer, now delivering high-resolution soil mineralogy from the International Space Station, provides the first observational basis to address this gap at a global scale. Using [...]