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Preprints

There are 5729 Preprints listed.

Topographic evidence for recent intraplate reactivation in NW Uruguay

Mauricio Barcelos Haag, Lindsay M. Schoenbohm, Rossano Dalla Lana Michel, et al.

Published: 2025-06-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure

Located in eastern South America, Uruguay has been considered tectonically inactive since rifting in the Late Cretaceous. Here, we use a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) and field observations to investigate the presence of recent tectonic activity in the Basaltic Plateau, northwest Uruguay. Based on topographic-, drainage network- and field-based data, we identify evidence for [...]

Quantifying tidal impacts on Arctic sea ice: An unexpected mechanism for the regional delay of summer melting

Kirstin Schulz, An Nguyen, Helen Pillar, et al.

Published: 2025-06-20
Subjects: Oceanography

Tides are an important factor shaping the sea ice system in the Arctic Ocean, by altering vertical heat fluxes and advection patterns. Unfortunately, observations are sparse and the analysis of tides is complicated by the proximity of wind-driven inertial oscillations to the semi-diurnal frequencies. Furthermore, computational costs typically prohibit the inclusion of tides in ocean models, [...]

Land Use, Sustainability, and Democratic Backsliding

Patrick Meyfroidt

Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Geography, Sustainability

Land use and land systems, i.e. how human societies manage and interact with land through social-ecological systems, are at the core of sustainability issues. Democratic backsliding, i.e. the decline or degradation of the institutions and social norms that sustain democratic societies, is a widespread and impactful trend, with strong but understudied two-ways linkages with land use dynamics. From [...]

Feasibility of Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation in soils polluted by hydrocarbons

Carla Comadran Casas, Philip J. Salter, Ayo Ogundero, et al.

Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Engineering

This study presents an investigation on the potential of biostimulation and bioaugmentation of Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) in soils polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Biostimulation of urea hydrolysis by soil autochthonous ureolytic bacteria was not detected over 62 days. Flow cytometry revealed Sproposarcina pasteurii at initial OD600 = 0.01 was able to grow [...]

Deformation, Strains and Velocities for the Alpine Himalayan Belt from trans-continental Sentinel-1 InSAR & GNSS

John Elliott, Jin Fang, Milan Lazecky, et al.

Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure

Surface velocities and strain rates from satellite geodesy have become essential tools for understanding the distribution of tectonic deformation, faulting and seismic hazard. However, across large regions of distributed continental deformation, such as the Alpine-Himalayan Belt, data are only sparsely available. While previous studies have mainly used spatially sparse GNSS to measure deformation [...]

Local Seismicity: Matched Filter Detection Routine with Synthetic Templates using 1D velocity model

Eva Kaldy, Tomáš Fischer, Jana Doubravová

Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology

This study evaluates the performance of Synthetic Template Matching for seismic event detection in the West Bohemia region (Czechia), comparing it with two established methods: the automated detector-locator PEPiN and an Artificial Neural Network. Synthetic templates are generated using a 1D velocity model and span a grid of five fundamental focal mechanisms (FMs), independent of any prior [...]

PDCD-DAT – A global database of pyroclastic density current deposit field data

Joshua Brown, Rebecca Williams, Sarah Ogburn, et al.

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences

Pyroclastic density currents represent one of the deadliest hazards posed by active volcanoes. Analysis of their deposits provides valuable insights into their internal dynamics and informs numerical simulations of pyroclastic density currents which underpin many volcanic hazard assessments. We present PDCD-DAT, a global database of pyroclastic density current deposit characteristics compiled [...]

Quantifying lead (Pb) leaching from galvanized handpump spouts, leaded brass taps, and stainless-steel alternatives using the NSF 61 test protocol: Implications for safe rural water supply

Kyle Rezek, Michael Fisher, Timothy Purvis, et al.

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering

Lead (Pb) is a neurotoxin with no known safe level of exposure. Widespread lead contamination has been found in rural groundwater-supplied drinking water systems in low- and middle-income countries, potentially from corrosion of lead-containing materials such as galvanized steel and brass. National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) 61 is an international standard for certifying the safety of water [...]

Lead (Pb) contamination in drinking water in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Michael B. Fisher, Timothy Purvis, Zakariah Seidu, et al.

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering

Lead (Pb) in drinking water causes organ damage, cardiovascular disease, cancers, and lifelong neurological and developmental impairment, disproportionately harming infants and developing fetuses. However, evidence on lead in drinking water in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited and lacks robust synthesis, impeding action. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of [...]

Lagged impacts of groundwater pumping on streamflow due to stream drying: Incorporation into analytical streamflow depletion estimation methods

Sam Zipper, Ian Gambill, Monty Schmitt, et al.

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability, Water Resource Management

Water management often requires accounting for reductions in streamflow caused by groundwater pumping (‘streamflow depletion’). Since streamflow depletion cannot be quantified from observational data, it is typically modeled. Analytical depletion functions (ADFs) are a low-cost, low-complexity approach for estimating streamflow depletion with utility for decision support, but ADFs adopt several [...]

Enhancing Local Inclusion in Climate Transparency and Promoting Accessible Energy for Vulnerable Households in Burkina Faso

Tiga Neya, Tasseré NACANABO

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Outdoor Education

Burkina Faso is actively working to establish a climate transparency framework, as required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This involves developing mechanisms for reporting on mitigation, adaptation, and support received. The Ministry of Environment, through the Permanent Secretariat of the National Council for Sustainable Development (SP-CNDD), is the lead [...]

Deep Learning for Ionogram Parameter Extraction: A Time-Series Approach to Ionospheric Monitoring

Armando Cristhian Castro Chaupis, Danny Eddy Scipion, Percy Condor, et al.

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Ionograms provide a direct measurement of the ionosphere’s electron density profile and its irregularities. By examining critical frequencies researchers can identify key parameters—such as the F region critical frequency (foF2), the height of maximum electron density (hmF2), and the presence of Spread F irregularities—that are vital for understanding signal propagation, space weather effects, [...]

The Stotfield silcrete (or ‘Stotfield Cherty Rock’), Moray, eastern Scotland: Characterization and discussion of an archaeologically important lithic raw material

Torben Bjarke Ballin, J Faithfull

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Human Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences

We describe and discuss a lithic raw material new to Scottish prehistoric research: the Stotfield silcrete or Stotfield Cherty Rock. This material was well-known to Scottish geologists, but it was only recently realized that it had been used by prehistoric people in Moray, eastern Scotland. We describe our examination of archaeological Stotfield silcrete, as well as field information relating to [...]

Strengthening ITF and Weakening AMOC: Time Series Evidence of Trends and Causal Pathways to Agulhas Variability

Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho, Katarina Evelyn Permata Herho, Iwan Pramesti Anwar, et al.

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Oceanography, Statistical Models

Multi-decadal observations of major ocean circulation systems reveal contrasting trends and complex inter-basin connectivity patterns that challenge traditional conceptualizations of global ocean circulation. Using non-parametric trend analysis, multi-method causality testing, and wavelet coherence techniques, we analyzed volume transport time series spanning 1984--2023 for the Indonesian [...]

Predictability and randomization of surface air temperature chaotic dynamics

Alexander Bershadskii

Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The surface air temperature daily records at the land-based locations with different climate conditions (from the Arctic to Patagonia) have been studied on the daily to intraseasonal time scales (low-frequency annual and seasonal variations have been removed by subtracting a wavelet regression from the daily records). It is shown that the power spectra of the daily time series exhibit a universal [...]

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