Preprints
There are 5978 Preprints listed.
3D surface displacement estimation over the Groningen gas field, the Netherlands
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Geophysics and Seismology, Mining Engineering, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Since 1964, the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands has experienced significant subsidence due to gas extraction. Although InSAR has been widely used to estimate the vertical displacements of the field, capturing the full three-dimensional deformation, including omnidirectional horizontal components, remained a challenge and has only been achieved from spatially sparse GNSS observations. The [...]
Using ruptures from an earthquake cycle simulator to test geodetic early warning system performance
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
New Zealand's vulnerability to seismic hazards highlights the need for systems capable of providing earthquake early warning (EEW) or rapid notice of strong shaking. Large offshore earthquakes along the subduction zone east of the North Island could also trigger catastrophic tsunamis, inundating coastal communities in under an hour. While New Zealand operates a robust seismic and geodetic network [...]
Hydrology-Based Coastal Risk Assessment in Charleston, South Carolina: Sea-Level Rise, Land Subsidence, Nuisance Flooding, and the Overlooked Role of Groundwater Attenuation
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Studies, Hydrology, Water Resource Management
Charleston, South Carolina is among the most flood-exposed cities on the United States Atlantic coast. Tide-gauge records show mean sea level rising at 3.51 mm per year since 1921, while InSAR analyses identify localized subsidence exceeding 4 mm per year, producing effective relative rise of 7 to 8 mm per year. This acceleration explains the increase in nuisance flooding from fewer than 5 days [...]
Intelligent National Map: A Vision for Distributed and Agentic Geospatial Intelligence
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An Intelligent National Map (INM) can change how worldwide mapping agencies, such as the U.S. Geological Survey, deliver the geospatial foundation of the Nation, as well as the capacity for the public to engage and use the data. It is envisioned as an innovative system that can coordinate analysis for spatial questions using structured reasoning grounded in semantic relationships, domain rules, [...]
Undrainable pore spaces comprise half of US groundwater storage
Published: 2025-08-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management
Groundwater is vital to global freshwater access, streamflow generation, and biogeochemical cycling, but not all groundwater can be drained due to adhesive and capillary forces. Quantifying the proportion of groundwater that can be drained—and is, thus, theoretically recoverable—is critical for characterising groundwater’s role in earth system processes. Unfortunately, estimates of theoretically [...]
Redefining Uncertainty: A Complete Bayesian Workflow for Ocean Color Remote Sensing
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Marine Biology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Earth Sciences
Traditional satellite ocean color algorithms for chlorophyll-a and inherent optical property retrieval rely on deterministic regression models that typically produce single-point predictions without explicit uncertainty quantification. The absence of uncertainty awareness undermines in-situ/model match-ups, reduces predictive reliability, and ultimately erodes user confidence. In the present [...]
Testing the accuracy and transferability of remotely sensed biomass models across heterogeneous grasslands
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Grassland aboveground biomass provides key insights into ecological processes such as carbon sequestration, animal movement patterns, and agricultural management practices. Different model types have been developed to estimate grassland biomass from satellite imagery. However, differences in model performance across sites with different management regimes remain largely understudied. In this [...]
Band ratio to band difference for Chl of oceanic waters: broke a self-imposed no-touch zone
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
There are many empirical algorithms developed for the remote sensing of chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl) from ocean color measurements, with the blue-green band-ratio type of algorithms dominating these practices. During the phase of algorithm development, which is data-driven, generally the errors of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) from satellites are ignored until Hu et al. (2012) developed a [...]
Development of Low-Cost, Open-Source Unmanned Surface Vehicle for Water System Monitoring
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Education, Engineering
Commercially available Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) in the market are expensive, and the software used for automating navigation and bathymetry mapping are typically proprietary. Large scale collection of water quantity and quality data requires dynamic in-situ sensing approaches with open-source software for user flexibility. This manuscript presents an open-source, economic, and efficient [...]
Evaluation of biochar produced from coffee husks as an alternative treatment for wastewater contaminated with agrochemicals in the southwestern region of Antioquia.
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Excessive use of herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers has enhanced agricultural productivity but has also generated significant environmental impacts and public health risks. Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphorus insecticide, is highly persistent in the environment due to its affinity for organic matter and its ability to be transported via runoff into water bodies, where conventional wastewater [...]
Designing nature-building communities
Published: 2025-08-28
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Urban renaturing efforts increasingly emphasize the role of collaborative governance in managing nature-based solutions (NbS). However, existing frameworks often prioritize institutional perspectives and top-down participation, overlooking the early-stage design needs of grassroots initiatives. This study introduces the concept of Nature-Building Communities (NbCs)—voluntary, community-driven [...]
Two decades of land cover changes in the Colombian Andes
Published: 2025-08-27
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Other Earth Sciences
The Colombian Andes faces severe anthropogenic pressures from deforestation, agricultural expansion, mining, and urban development. Given its status as one of the world’s biodiversity hotspot, land cover monitoring for effective conservation strategies and sustainable development planning is essential. While early research relied on coarse or medium-resolution satellite imagery for limited [...]
Surface Expression of Low Basal Friction Upstream of Antarctic Grounding Lines
Published: 2025-08-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ice sheets leave contact with the bed at grounding lines, beyond which floating ice shelves experience no friction at their base. In places where basal friction begins to decrease upstream of the grounding line, ice sheets respond more strongly to climate forcing. However, the spatial extent of zones of low grounding line friction is poorly constrained by observations. Here, we use a steady-state [...]
Earthquake body-wave extraction using sparsity-promoting polarization filtering in the time–frequency domain
Published: 2025-08-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Seismic waves generated by earthquakes consist of multiple phases that carry critical information about Earth’s internal structure as they propagate through heterogeneous media. Each seismic phase follows its own propagation path and sampling depth, bringing constraints from different regions of the Earth such as the crust, mantle, or even the outer and inner cores. The choice of phase for [...]
Assessing the Economic and Environmental Benefits of Nature-Based Solutions for Sustainable Infrastructure. A Case of Kumasi, Ghana
Published: 2025-08-26
Subjects: Education
Kumasi, Ghana, and most rapidly developing cities in Sub-Saharan Africa are confronted with increasing environmental and infrastructure concerns as a result of rapid urbanization, inadequate land use planning, and climate change. Traditional grey infrastructure has been inadequate in mitigating these problems. This paper assessed the economic and environmental advantages of Nature-Based Solutions [...]