There are 3244 Preprints listed.
Published: 2022-09-08
Subjects: Geomorphology, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Computation
Understanding the internal structure of permeable and impermeable sediments (e.g. point-bars and tidal-flat deposits) generated by the evolution of meandering tidal channels is essential for accurate modeling of groundwater flow and contaminant transport in coastal areas. The detailed reconstruction of stratal geometry and hydraulic properties from measurements must be accompanied by depositional [...]
Published: 2022-09-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Humid puna Bofedales, or low gradient peat-forming wetlands, are a characteristic feature of the humid puna - a high elevation, seasonally dry grass- and shrub-land found throughout the Central Andes. Despite the importance of the humid puna in supplying water to downstream communities, and the inference that bofedales may play an important role, few studies have explored the hydrology of [...]
Published: 2022-09-07
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Segmentation of Earth science imagery is an increasingly common task. Among modern techniques that use Deep Learning, the UNet architecture has been shown to be a reliable for segmenting a range of imagery. We developed software - Segmentation Gym - to implement a data-model pipeline for segmentation of scientific imagery using a family of UNet models. With an existing set of imagery and labels, [...]
Published: 2022-09-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The reassessment of the rare earth element (REE) potential of France led us to investigate REE behaviour in black-shales belonging to the Middle Ordovician Angers-Traveusot formation from central Britany (France), with an emphasis on the formation of nodular grey monazite during the diagenetic and low-grade metamorphic evolution. Temperatures conditions and mass transfer underwent in the black [...]
Published: 2022-09-07
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
During the past few years, Distributing Acoustic Sensing (DAS) has become an invaluable tool for recording high-fidelity seismic wavefields with great spatiotemporal resolutions. However, the considerable amount of data generated during DAS experiments limits their distribution with the broader scientific community. Such a bottleneck inherently slows down the pursuit of new scientific discoveries [...]
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology
Tropical rainforests invest in their root systems to store soil moisture from water-rich periods for use in water-scarce periods. An inadequate root-zone soil moisture storage predisposes or forces these forest ecosystems to transition to a savanna-like state, devoid of their native structure and functions. Yet changes in soil moisture storage and its influence on the rainforest ecosystems under [...]
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Engineering, Environmental Sciences
As ozonation becomes a widespread treatment for removal of trace organic chemicals in wastewater treatment plant effluents, there are increasing concerns regarding the formation of ozonation transformation products (OPs), and their possible impacts on the aquatic environment and eventually human health. In this study, a novel method was developed that utilizes the heavy oxygen isotope (18O) for [...]
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Other Mathematics, Other Statistics and Probability, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Floating ice shelves that fringe the coast of Antarctica resist the flow of grounded ice into the ocean. One of the key factors governing the amount of flow-resistance provided by an ice shelf is the rigidity of the ice that constitutes it. Ice rigidity is highly heterogeneous and must be calibrated from spatially-continuous surface observations assimilated into an ice flow model. Moreover, [...]
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
River-induced seismic signal (tremor) recorded by deploying seismic stations close to the river can be used to indirectly obtain the flow characteristics of rivers. We conducted an experiment next to Avoca River, County Wicklow, Ireland, where for the first time to our knowledge, we combined the application of beamforming array analysis by deploying two seismic arrays and Frequency-Dependent [...]
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The aim of this study is to develop methods for directly detecting energetic groundwater flow in sub-surface conduits through passive seismic applications, by detecting the small ground vibrations (seismic microtremor) that flowing water in the sub-surface may generate. This is in contrast to the current ‘traditional’ approach of attempting to actively image the conduits using geophysical and [...]
Published: 2022-09-04
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Fresh Water Studies, Hydrology
This chapter provides an overview of machine learning models and their applications to the science of inland waters. Such models serve a wide range of purposes for science and management: predicting water quality, quantity, or ecological dynamics across space, time, or hypothetical scenarios; vetting and distilling raw data for further modeling or analysis; generating and exploring hypotheses; [...]
Published: 2022-09-03
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
The use of Nodal systems based on autonomous geophone-based instruments entered the field of Seismology only recently. These lightweight solutions revolutionized seismological fieldwork through lightweight and wholistic instruments that are faster to deploy and easier to handle. The IGU-16HR series of SmartSolo® is one example, but yet lacking a thorough lab-based performance analysis. Here, we [...]
Published: 2022-09-03
Subjects: Life Sciences
The density structure of firn has implications for hydrological and climate modelling, and ice shelf stability. The structure of firn can be evaluated from depth models of seismic velocity, widely obtained with Herglotz-Wiechert Inversion (HWI), an approach that considers the slowness of refracted seismic arrivals. However, HWI is strictly appropriate only for steady-state firn profiles and the [...]
Published: 2022-09-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Since 1950 humans have introduced 8300 teragrams (Tg, 1012 grams, millions of metric tons) of plastic polymers into the Earth’s surface environment. Accounting for the dispersal and fate of produced plastics and fragmented microplastics in the environment has been challenging. Recent studies have fueled debate of the global river budget for plastic transport to oceans, the sinking and beaching of [...]
Published: 2022-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
Fault strength recovery (healing) following an earthquake is a key process in controlling the recurrence of future events; however, the rates and mechanisms of fault healing are poorly constrained. Here, by performing high-velocity friction experiments, we show that granite and gabbro fault gouges recover their strength rapidly after experiencing dynamic weakening during seismic slip. The healing [...]