Preprints
There are 5725 Preprints listed.
Valuation of Ecosystem Services Amidst Land Use Land Cover Change Dynamics in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarakhand
Published: 2025-06-10
Subjects: Natural Resource Economics
The Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, situated in Uttarakhand, India, is a critical hub of ecological diversity and ecosystem services. However, rapid land use and land cover (LULC) transitions in the region have raised concerns regarding the sustainability of these services. This study presents a comprehensive assessment and quantification of ecosystem services in response to LULC changes over a [...]
Assessing the Efficacy and Climate Resilience of Traditional Water Harvesting Systems in Jodhpur District, Rajasthan: A Geospatial and Hydrological Modeling Approach
Published: 2025-06-09
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Life Sciences
Traditional Water Harvesting Systems (TWHS) are critical for water security in arid regions like Jodhpur district, Rajasthan, India, yet their contemporary efficacy and climate resilience remain inadequately quantified. This study comprehensively assesses selected TWHS, primarily nadis and johads, by integrating geospatial analysis for inventory and characterization, hydrological modeling (SCS-CN [...]
A Method to Calculate the Centroid of Areas on a Sphere and its Application to Determining Geographic Centers
Published: 2025-06-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study shows how a method of calculating the coordinates of the centroid of discrete points on a sphere can be generalized to determine the centroid of areas on a sphere by minimizing the surface integral of squared spherical distances. A quadratically convergent algorithm for calculating the coordinates of the centroid is presented. Equations are given to verify that the centroid so [...]
Extrapolation Approaches for Creating Comprehensive Measurement-Based Methane Emissions Inventories
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Measurement-based methane emissions inventories are essential for U.S. oil and natural gas operators to track their progress toward emissions targets, demonstrate the impact of improved operational and monitoring practices, and enable the scientific community to monitor methane budgets at various scales. However, translating raw emission measurement data, whether from continuous monitoring [...]
Linked canyons and fans communicate through a migrating bedrock-alluvial transition
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The evolution of net-erosional fluvial landscapes is often treated separately from net-depositional fluvial landscapes, using different methods and different data input. Yet these landscapes are often tightly linked by means of a moving-boundary bedrock-alluvial transition. We consider a linked canyon-fan system in the setting of a Basin and Range province, basing our work loosely on Rainbow [...]
Storm Whisperers: Predicting Thunderstorms with Long Short-Term Heuristic Memory Model
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Computer Sciences
Accurate thunderstorm prediction is essential for safeguarding public safety and optimizing resource management, particularly in increasingly unpredictable weather patterns. This study explores the use of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks enhanced with heuristic mechanisms as a cutting-edge method for predicting thunderstorm events. By leveraging the inherent ability of LSTMs to [...]
Ensemble methods for landslide susceptibility mapping: A review of machine learning and hybrid approaches
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Engineering
Abstract: The assessment of landslide susceptibility holds significant importance in disaster risk reduction. This study comprehensively examines the current research on landslide susceptibility from two aspects: the steps involved in landslide susceptibility assessment and modeling methods. Initially, we retrieved pertinent research articles, published between 2014 and 2023, and focused on [...]
Coupled trace element and Hf-isotope measurements of Hadean through Paleoarchean zircons from the Singhbhum Craton indicate derivation from a long-lived, mantle-derived protocrust
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology
Due to the dearth of rock records during the Hadean, little is known about early crustal chemistry and geodynamics. Here, we present zircon trace and rare earth element and Lu-Hf measurements of zircons ~ 3.3 Ga to ~ 4.2 Ga from the Older Metamorphic Tonalitic Gneiss in the Singhbhum Craton to better understand geodynamic changes during the Hadean and Archean. We find decreasing, subchondritic [...]
Chiwi Kawi: Field Report 2025 - Chiricahua Sky Island
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Forest Sciences, Plant Sciences
This field report details the environmental dynamics of the Chiricahua Mountains in SE Arizona. Adding to the previous 2022-2023 field report, these observations begin with the impact of the 2023 summer monsoons and the extreme drought conditions leading into 2025. Extraordinary stories from 2024 include wildlife observations of blonde and ginger coati, a lone wolf, jaguar tracks, and a yearling [...]
Revisiting GPS-Derived Plate Kinematics: Evaluation of the Integration of Plate Motion Models in Terrestrial Reference Frames
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Tectonic plate motion is a cornerstone of the physical theory of plate tectonics, yet our understanding of lithospheric kinematics increasingly depends on the framework in which measurements are interpreted. With the advent of satellite-based geodesy, particularly the Global Positioning System (GPS), direct measurement of Earth’s surface dynamics has become possible with millimeter-level [...]
Enhancing Local Inclusion in Climate Transparency and Promoting Accessible Energy for Vulnerable Households in Burkina Faso
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Outdoor Education
Burkina Faso is actively working to establish a climate transparency framework, as required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This involves developing mechanisms for reporting on mitigation, adaptation, and support received. The Ministry of Environment, through the Permanent Secretariat of the National Council for Sustainable Development (SP-CNDD), is the lead [...]
Comparative Economic and Environmental Analysis of Open Field (Rainfed and Irrigated) and Environmental Agriculture (Screenhouse) Leafy and Pulpy Vegetables Production Systems in North West Nigeria.
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Agriculture
Screenhouse farming demonstrates remarkable water-use efficiency, requiring only 7.00 liters per kg for cabbage, 3.58 liters/kg for lettuce, and 2.38 liters/kg for spinach, a significant contrast to rainfed cabbage at 10,625 liters/kg and rainfed pumpkin at 17,628 liters/kg. This means screenhouse farming uses just 0.066% of the water consumed by rainfed cabbage and 0.014% of the water used by [...]
Supershear source model of the 2025 M7.8 Myanmar earthquake and paleoseismology of the Sagaing Fault: regions of significant overlap with past earthquakes
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The 2025 Mw 7.8 earthquake on the central Sagaing Fault is one of the most destructive seismic events in Myanmar's recorded history, producing near-fault shaking exceeding Modified Mercalli Intensity X and impacting tens of millions of people across Southeast Asia. We present a detailed kinematic rupture model of the event based on joint inversion of regional strong motion waveforms and [...]
The spatio-temporal variability, trends, and drivers of winter Arctic polynyas
Published: 2025-06-05
Subjects: Climate
Polynyas, thin-ice or open water regions within the sea ice, have regularly been observed in the Arctic since satellite observations began in the 1970s. Their opening, in response to complex interactions between several drivers, significantly influences the regional weather and climate, ecosystem, and the global ocean. Yet their monitoring at the pan-Arctic scale is rare since their detection is [...]
Spatiotemporal dynamics of floodplain patterns during the last 400 years south of Leipzig - A regional scale analysis
Published: 2025-06-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Remote Sensing, Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Elster-Pleiße floodplain south of Leipzig has undergone significant hydromorphological changes over the past centuries, influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic interventions. This study employs high-resolution LiDAR-based fluvial-geomorphological mapping (1x1 m resolution) and old maps analyses to reconstruct past river dynamics and identify shifts in channel morphology. [...]