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Preprints

There are 5428 Preprints listed.

Enhancing Global-scale Urban Land Cover Representation Using Local Climate Zones in the Community Earth System Model

Yuan Sun, Keith W Oleson, Lei Zhao, et al.

Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences

Urban areas are increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, necessitating accurate simulations of urban climates in Earth system models (ESMs) in support of large-scale urban climate adaptation efforts. ESMs underrepresent urban areas due to their small spatial extent and the lack of detailed urban landscape data. To enhance the accuracy of urban representation, this study [...]

The Importance of Geospatial Technology in Monitoring Plant Health

Emmanuel Kalamji Lutema

Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Solving the problems presented by climate change depends on geospatial technology in great measure. Through shifting pest and disease dynamics, increasing frequency of extreme weather events, and modifying growth circumstances, climate change aggravates problems with plant health. For example, remote sensing data and satellite-based climate models help one to forecast how variations in [...]

Positive isotropic components of the 2025 Santorini-Amorgos earthquakes

Jiri Zahradnik, Efthimios Sokos, Zafeiria Roumelioti, et al.

Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

We used full waveforms of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network (HUSN) regional stations and a frequency range of 0.03-0.06 Hz. We calculated full moment tensors (MTs) and focused on their ISO and CLVD components. In the tested depth range of 1-20 km, the medians of ISO (=VOL) and CLVD are positive, but their 68% confidence intervals are broad due to the tradeoff of the non-DC with depth. When [...]

Rethinking Environmental Sustainability in the Operating Room: Beyond the Reusability Assumption for Surgical Instruments

Francesca Marsili

Published: 2025-02-21
Subjects: Environmental Public Health, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public Health

Addressing the climate crisis is an urgent global priority, yet the healthcare sector continues to face significant challenges in implementing long-term green solutions. The sector accounts for 4.4% of global carbon emissions, with an even greater impact of 7% in the Netherlands. The latest Dutch report- Barometer Groene OK- proposes ten key measures to reduce the healthcare carbon footprint, [...]

Freshwater salinization of seasonal ponds: High salinity and stratification threaten critical, overlooked habitats

Steven Brady, Gaboury Benoit

Published: 2025-02-20
Subjects: Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Water Resource Management

Nearly a century of road salt use in the snowbelt region of North America has led to substantial increases in salinity levels in freshwater habitats (1, 2). Salt pollution in lakes and rivers is well characterized (3, 4). Lacking are broad insights for seasonal ponds. As critical habitats for many endemic species, these small and often poorly flushed surface waters are especially vulnerable to [...]

PoMELO Passive Blind Test Results: Emissions detection and quantification

Thomas Barchyn, Michelle Clements, Tyler Gough, et al.

Published: 2025-02-19
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering

PoMELO Passive is a technology that combines vehicle-based pollution measurements from public roads with cloud-based software to: (i) detect emissions from oil and gas sites, and (ii) quantify emissions rates. Automated attribution and plume modeling algorithms provide results with little human intervention, facilitating large scale monitoring programs. PoMELO Passive is operationally deployed at [...]

Thermal channelization of suprapermafrost flows

Katarzyna L P Warburton, Joanmarie Del Vecchio, Colin R. Meyer, et al.

Published: 2025-02-19
Subjects: Geomorphology, Hydrology

On many frozen hillslopes, subsurface water above permafrost is routed through regularly spaced, linear features known as water tracks. We test whether water tracks form through thermal channelization, where heat from viscous dissipation in flowpaths deepens the active layer, creating a preferred flow path that attracts more water. We derive equations for suprapermafrost Darcy flow and, using [...]

Effects of mineralogy on ∆47 and ∆48 of carbonate-derived CO2 below analytical resolution

Miguel Bernecker, Magali Bonifacie, Philip Staudigel, et al.

Published: 2025-02-19
Subjects: Geochemistry

Due to the lack of direct methods capable of determining the abundance of isotopologues containing multiple heavy isotopes within the crystal lattice, carbonates are typically reacted with phosphoric acid to produce CO2 analyte for clumped isotope analyses. This reaction is associated with fractionations of both bulk oxygen and clumped isotopes. Accurate knowledge of the effect of cation [...]

Controlled Release Tests Results for the Methane Lidar Camera

Manasi Doshi, Tetsushi Yamada, Scott Quinn, et al.

Published: 2025-02-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Methane emissions detection using continuous monitors enables round-the-clock monitoring to quickly identify emissions from oil and gas facilities. The SLB methane lidar camera participated in Stanford University’s 2024 Methane Controlled Release Campaign to characterize its performance at detecting, localizing, and quantifying methane emissions from different sources. The camera successfully [...]

Opuntia Invasion Risk and Management Strategies in China: A Comprehensive Review Under Climate Change Scenarios

Serina L. Gaye, Larwubah Kollie

Published: 2025-02-18
Subjects: Life Sciences

Including China, the genus Opuntia prickly pear cactus has grown to be a quite troublesome invading species in many different countries. With an eye toward Opuntia's ecological effects, present management practices, and suggestions for future control activities, this review assesses the possible distribution and invasion risk of the plant under climate change conditions. We investigate the [...]

Pushing and pulling an algal bloom: physical controls of diel variability in nearshore phytoplankton communities

medea zanoli, Gotzon Basterretxea, Idan Tuval

Published: 2025-02-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

High-biomass microalgal blooms frequently occur in littoral environments worldwide, often causing noxious effects on aquatic ecosystems and coastal communities. Here, we combine field observations and a simple retention-dispersion model to disentangle the short-term (hours) environmental drivers shaping the nearshore dynamics of such outbreaks. Temperature, salinity, fluorescence, current [...]

Geochemical Dynamics in Organic-Rich Mudstone Reservoirs: Interactions and Implications

Amrita Nair, Carlos Fernandez, Mei Ling, et al.

Published: 2025-02-16
Subjects: Engineering

This paper explores the intricate geochemical characteristics of organic-rich mudstone reservoirs, focusing on key factors such as thermal maturity, wettability, and adsorption properties. These reservoirs, often referred to as unconventional hydrocarbon systems, are composed of complex organic and inorganic phases that interact dynamically over geological timescales. Understanding these [...]

Quantifying the contributions of climate change and adaptation to mortality from unprecedented extreme heat events

Christopher Callahan, Jared Trok, Andrew Wilson, et al.

Published: 2025-02-15
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Understanding the mortality effects of the most extreme heat events is central to climate change risk analysis and adaptation decision-making. Accurate representation of these impacts requires accounting for the effects of prolonged sequences of hot days on mortality, the change in that mortality due to anthropogenic forcing, and the potential compensating effects of adaptation to heat. Here, we [...]

Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Ilmenite Exsolutions in Titanomagnetite and Their Implications for the Ore-Forming Process at the Damiao Deposit

Kaiyuan Wang, Hongtao He, Wenjie Shi

Published: 2025-02-15
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology

The Damiao Fe-Ti-P deposit, located within the Damiao anorthosite complex in northeastern China, features Fe-Ti oxide ores and nelsonites that occur as irregularly inclined stratiform-like bodies, lenses, or veins with sharp contacts against anorthosite and gabbronorite. This deposit is characterized by abundant titanomagnetite that hosts diverse ilmenite exsolution textures, including blocky, [...]

Structuring uncertainty to improve climate change management success

Alfonso Arroyo-Santos, Luis A. Bojorquez-Tapia, Yosune Miquelajauregui

Published: 2025-02-15
Subjects: Environmental Studies

There is a growing concern about the unforeseen negative consequences of climate change. In response, important scholarly efforts have produced valuable frameworks to help decisionmakers construct adaptation plans. Drawing on the success and failures of current adaptation plans, these frameworks have been developed to prevent maladaptations, meaning the unforeseen negative consequences of [...]

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