Preprints
There are 5068 Preprints listed.
Integration of Deterministic Seismic inversion with Machine Learning for Reservoir Characterization
Published: 2024-10-04
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Stratigraphy
Seismic inversion plays a key role in reservoir characterization. The inversion allows interpreters to transfer data from interface properties to layers and physical properties. Various deterministic approaches are available for interpreters to achieve this objective, including model-based, trace-based, recursive approaches, etc. Machine learning methods are increasingly adopted in reservoir [...]
Seafloor character of the Roman Rock area in False Bay, South Africa
Published: 2024-10-04
Subjects: Geology, Sedimentology
A 12 km2 area off Simon's Town in NW False Bay, South Africa, was surveyed using side-scan sonar and a single-beam echosounder. The survey revealed six distinct patterns of acoustic reflectivity or acoustic facies. The first facies show Cape Peninsula Granite outcrops, matching onshore patterns, with lineaments reflecting the principal WNW-ESE joint direction. The second facies indicate [...]
Integrating Sparse Data for Climate-Driven Agricultural Productivity Estimation in Low-Income Countries: Bayesian and Long-Term Analytical Approaches
Published: 2024-10-04
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Agricultural productivity in low-income countries (LICs) is highly vulnerable to climate change, a challenge further compounded by the lack of reliable agricultural data. Existing models often assume the availability of comprehensive datasets, an assumption that does not hold true for LICs. This paper introduces a set of innovative frameworks designed to overcome data scarcity by integrating [...]
Seismic Characterization of Carbonate Stringers using Machine Learning techniques: an example from the Western Flank of South Oman Salt Basin
Published: 2024-10-04
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Sedimentology
Carbonate stringers are defined as a slab of carbonate bodies encased inside salt. In Oman, the intra-salt carbonate stringers are a very common target, especially in South Oman Salt Basin (SOSB). These stringers contain a large amount of hydrocarbon resources. In this study, the behavior of carbonate stringer bodies hosted in Ara salt structures from the SOSB is investigated. Both synthetic and [...]
Assessing the Function of the Technological Finance Cooperation Pilot Policy in China: Effect on Inclusive Green Growth
Published: 2024-10-04
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
To attempt to find a win-win path between environmental conservation and economic expansion, it is especially crucial to accurately define the influence of emerging policies on green effects. Based on the dataset of 282 cities at the prefectural level and above from 2010 to 2020, this paper uses difference-in-difference and dual machine learning models to investigate the impact and internal [...]
Contrasting Land‑Uses Affect Chemical Composition of Organic Matter in Tropical Soils: A Case Study via Os Staining and FTIR
Published: 2024-10-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Soil Science
Particulate organic matter (POM) is a significant component of soil organic carbon (SOC), particularly in tropical soils, where it often serves as a primary precursor for the formation of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). This study investigates the impact of contrasting land-use practices on composition of POM in tropical soils. Using dual-energy X-ray microtomography approach with [...]
Damped Gravity Waves, Weak Temperature Gradients, and Tropical Deep Convection
Published: 2024-10-03
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The "damped gravity wave" (DGW) approximation occurs when convective momentum dissipation is balanced by the pressure gradient force of convectively forced gravity waves. While this balance has been used to parameterize large-scale lifting in limited-domain models of tropical deep convection, its applicability to observed phenomena has not been carefully examined. A scale analysis indicates that [...]
Adaptive capacity in Pacific Islands: responding to coastal and climatic change in Nagigi village, Fiji
Published: 2024-10-03
Subjects: Geography
Coastal communities across the Pacific are increasingly recognized as places of priority for climate adaptation. Pacific Island communities are developing and using strategies to adapt their lives and livelihoods to climatic and environmental risks. Highlighting the case study of Nagigi village, Fiji, we identify adaptation responses to multiple environmental and socio-economic pressures [...]
Effect of organic coatings on optical properties of black carbon aerosol: Insights from Mie theory based model simulations
Published: 2024-10-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Black carbon (BC), plays a crucial role in climate change due to its significant impact on radiative forcing. This study investigates the influence of organic carbon (OC) coatings on the optical properties of BC aerosols using Mie theory-based calculations. We have examined a range of core diameters and coating thicknesses to assess changes in both absorption and scattering cross-sections. The [...]
Hadean-aged felsic sediments recycled through the deep mantle by early plate tectonics
Published: 2024-10-02
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology
The unresolved question of when modern tectonic processes arose on Earth has restricted our understanding of how and how quickly Earth reached its present, habitable form. Plate tectonics, and in particular deep subduction, is central to many facets of habitability: it controls heat flow, biogeochemical cycling, and creates a variety of marine and terrestrial biomes that are crucial for [...]
Imaging a buried terrane with district-scale ambient noise tomography and gravity modelling: insights for scale-reduction in mineral exploration
Published: 2024-10-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mineral exploration proceeds by a process of scale-reduction. Decisions need to be made at all stages as the physical search space becomes progressively reduced from regional through to district, camp and tenement/deposit scale. While there are many regional scale datasets available to explorers through public geoscience agencies, one of the most difficult steps to make is from the regional-scale [...]
Expansion of cropland area during an abrupt sunlight reduction scenario
Published: 2024-10-02
Subjects: Engineering
In the eventuality of a major volcanic eruption or nuclear war, particles would accumulate in the stratosphere and reduce sunlight, potentially altering climate conditions severely and decreasing crop yields. Mass starvation could be prevented with the help of resilient foods, such as transforming natural gas into protein, wood into sugar, and relocating crops. One intervention not yet analysed [...]
The Socioeconomic Impacts of Sea Level Rise and Phragmites australis in the New Jersey Meadowlands
Published: 2024-10-02
Subjects: Geography, Natural Resource Economics, Nature and Society Relations, Plant Sciences
Sea level rise is one of the most alarming impacts of climate change and is projected to have devastating economic consequences for coastal communities such as increased flood damage, lost economic productivity, and decreased property values. To measure this impact in the New Jersey Meadowlands, an urban estuary ecosystem, I used a digital elevation model (DEM) to create inundation maps modeling [...]
Gridded multi-crop suitability mapping using public domain soil and related thematic data
Published: 2024-10-01
Subjects: Life Sciences
Eleventh amendment of Land Act, 1964 (2010) of Nepal bases classification of land for scientific "on, inter alia, the nature and fertility of soil, geographical situation, environment and climate of the country." Current study uses publicly available thematic soil (percentage Nitrogen content and absolute pH value) and elevation layers data, all of which are publicly available, to generate rank [...]
Rapid transformation of biogenic silica to authigenic clay during reverse weathering
Published: 2024-10-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry
Formation of authigenic clay minerals during early diagenesis of marine sediments, termed “reverse weathering” (RW), is an important process for regulating ocean pH and atmospheric CO2 over geologic time scales. It is also considered a“missing sink” of the modern marine Si cycle. Although the importance of RW has been increasingly recognized, the rate and mechanisms of this process remain [...]