Preprints
There are 5068 Preprints listed.
EasyMP™: Diverse and environmentally relevant microplastic reference materials encompassing fragments and fibers
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The field of microplastic (MP) research has expanded significantly since the terminology’s inception in 2004. Despite the exponential increase in studies, the availability of environmentally relevant MP reference materials (RMs) remains limited, and no certified MP RMs exist. This study addresses the need for diverse RMs by presenting data on MP RMs of fragments (10-100 µm) and fibers (50-1000 [...]
Phanerozoic thermochronology record of Afro-Arabia through space and time
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Low-temperature thermochronology has been widely used in eastern Africa and Arabia (Afro-Arabia) to investigate the long-term thermal evolution of the crust in response to Phanerozoic tectonism. Yet, utilisation of this invaluable thermochronology record to inform numerical investigations into the long-term tectonothermal, geodynamic and landscape evolution of the region has been limited by the [...]
Understanding the Li resource of granite hosted geothermal brines using near surface measurements
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Chemistry, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability
Unprecedented demand for lithium (Li) is being driven by electric vehicle batteries. Currently, the majority of Li comes from pegmatite mining and salar brines, however, new sources such as geothermal brines will be required to meet future demand. The North Pennines, Northern England has been found to host brines with lithium concentrations exceeding 90 mg/L at depths from 411 to 996 m. However, [...]
Unearthed from old soils: New records of Antarctic tardigrades, nematodes, and rotifers in the Prince Charles Mountains based on partial sequences of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Biodiversity, Life Sciences
Despite only 0.3% of Antarctica being ice-free, those areas harbor diverse small organisms such as tardigrades, nematodes, and rotifers. The habitats of these cryptic organisms face threats from human activity, climate change, and pollution. Biodiversity surveys are essential for managing their protection and such surveys have been proven well possible in Antarctica using environmental DNA (eDNA) [...]
Potential effects of coagulation processes on phytoplankton mortality in the Elbe estuary from a Lagrangian point of view
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Environmental Health and Protection, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Oceanography, Water Resource Management
Within the Elbe estuary, a sudden change in depth occurs when the river enters the shipping channel in the Port of Hamburg. This change in depth correlates with a sharp decline in phytoplankton concentrations. This decline affects the estuarine food web and shifts the ecosystem from autotrophic to heterotrophic during the summer months. Previous studies have hypothesized that this collapse is [...]
Seasonal variability of coccolith fluxes in sediment traps of the Perdido and Coatzacoalcos regions in the Southern Gulf of Mexico
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Marine Biology
We present new results of the coccolith fluxes in the Perdido and Coatzacoalcos regions of the Gulf of Mexico and explore the environmental variables that may control them. Two sediment trap moorings located at a water depth of 1100 m collected settling particles from June 2016 to July 2017. Both regions showed similar seasonal distributions in total coccolith fluxes, with the highest recorded [...]
Controls of Dynamic and Static Stress Changes and Aseismic Slip on Delayed Earthquake Triggering in Rate-and-State Simulations of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Dynamic earthquake triggering often involves a time delay relative to the peak stress perturbation. In this study, we investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for delayed triggering. We compute detailed spatiotemporal changes in dynamic and static Coulomb stresses at the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest mainshock hypocenter, induced by the Mw 5.4 foreshock, using 3D dynamic rupture models. The [...]
Measures of deep-time terrestrial net ecosystem productivity and carbon sink function
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Indicators of past biological productivity, or ‘palaeoproductivity proxies’, offer ways to indirectly measure Earth’s deep-time ecosystem and carbon cycle functioning. Given that plants have been the principal primary producers on land for hundreds of millions of years, the abundances of fossil plants in the rock record can indicate past changes in net terrestrial ecosystem productivity (NTEP). [...]
The evidence for open magmatic system processes recorded in the crystal cargoes of lunar basalts 10057, 12038, 12043, 15085, 15556, and 70017
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Basaltic magmatism is fundamental to planetary evolution, and continues to be studied in depth on Earth. Terrestrial studies indicate that basaltic magmatic systems are generally comprised of a series of batches with distinct compositions, which can be stored at depth within crystal frameworks, creating mushes. The crystal cargos of magmas erupted from such systems record evidence of the mush [...]
Global Rice Paddy Inventory (GRPI): a high-resolution inventory of methane emissions from rice agriculture based on Landsat satellite inundation data
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rice agriculture is a major source of atmospheric methane, but current emission inventories are highly uncertain, mostly due to poor rice-specific inundation data. Inversions of atmospheric methane observations can help to better quantify rice emissions but require high-resolution prior information on the location and timing of emissions. Here we use Landsat satellite data at 30 m resolution to [...]
Emotional predictors of environmental policy support and opposition
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Understanding the affective responses to the climate and ecological emergency is essential to the development of and compliance with mitigation and adaptation policy. Empirical evidence suggests that individuals feeling negative emotions about the state of nature and the climate are more likely to show greater support for environmental policy. This is the first study investigating which among [...]
Inferring Long-Term Tectonic Uplift Patterns from Bayesian Inversion of Fluvially-Incised Landscapes
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Earth surface processes encode the combined forcing of tectonics and climate in topography. Separating their contributions is essential for using landscapes as quantitative records of crustal deformation. Here, we develop a method for inverting spatially-variable fields of long-term rock uplift and rock erodibility from fluvially-incised landscapes, while accounting for climatic variability. Our [...]
Synthetic Tests on Resolvability of Space-Time Rupture History With Isola
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
This study evaluates the limitations of the ISOLA software in estimating rupture velocity by using synthetic tests that mimic the 2023 Turkish Mw 7.8 earthquake. Two types of slip-distribution models, point-like and continuous, were used as input for synthetic seismogram generation, which were then inverted using ISOLA multiple-point-source (MPS) approach. Key parameters affecting the software [...]
The ANTICS Large-N Seismic Deployment in Albania
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Located within the active continental collision between Eurasia and the Adriatic microplate, Albania is an earthquake prone country with one of the highest seismic risk in Europe. This came into evidence when the MW=6.4 Durres earthquake hit the country in 2019, causing 51 fatalities and widespread damage to infrastructure. Despite this stark reminder, the seismotectonics of Albania remain poorly [...]
Tracking glacier surge evolution using interferometric SAR coherence — examples from Svalbard
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present a practically simple methodology for tracking glacier surge onset and evolution using interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) coherence. Detecting surges early and monitoring their build-up is interesting for a multitude of scientific and safety-related aspects. We show that InSAR coherence maps allow the detection of surge-related instability on Svalbard many years before [...]