Preprints
There are 5509 Preprints listed.
How the Magnetic North Pole and Energetic Particle Precipitation Control Earth's Climate
Published: 2025-04-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The hypothesis that the position of the magnetic North Pole (Dip Pole) (latitude) ought to be very highly correlated with global temperature change on Earth has been tested and shown to be correct. The probability of such a correlation happening by chance is close to zero. Moreover, this has likely been the dominant climate driver for the last 2000 years. A Granger causality test shows Pole [...]
Deep source regions for Patagonia backarc volcanism imaged by finite frequency body wave tomography
Published: 2025-04-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
The subduction of Chile Ridge beneath South America beginning 12-16 Myr ago opened a gap in the subducting slab beneath southern Patagonia, which migrated northward and is located today at 46oS. Geodynamic processes associated with the slab window are poorly understood. Here we apply finite-frequency P and S body wave tomography to seismic data from several temporary arrays as well as regional [...]
Forecasting During Volcanic Crises
Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Forecasting during a volcanic crisis is vital to the preservation of life and mitigation of loss during eruption. Decisions on when, where and how to evacuate, where to send the evacuees, and when they can return, are all informed by forecasts of impending volcanic activity. We review input data and models that underlie short-term forecasts during an eruption crisis, software and tools applied, [...]
dageo: Data Assimilation in Geosciences
Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Mining Engineering, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Engineering
Data Assimilation combines computer models with real-world measurements to improve estimates and forecasts of dynamical systems such as oceans, atmosphere, and subsurface reservoirs. The Python package dageo is a tool to apply data assimilation in geoscience applications. Currently, it encompasses the Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation (ESMDA) method and provides tools for [...]
Volcano stratigraphy and mapping
Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Stratigraphy, Volcanology
Volcano-geologic mapping and stratigraphic reconstructions provide important information toward understanding patterns of edifice construction and destruction of volcanic systems, their eruptive histories and recurrence rates, and magmatic evolution and plumbing systems, all of which are required to make informed hazard assessments. Geologic mapping of volcanic terrains also provides context in [...]
Assessing Future Ice Shelf Collapse Vulnerability in the ISMIP6 Ensemble
Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding the possibility of future ice shelf collapses similar to the Larsen B is critical for improving sea-level-rise projections due to the restraint on upstream flow that ice shelves provide. Prior research has provided a criterion for assessing the vulnerability of ice shelf to hydrofracture. We apply these calculations to the model ensemble results from the Ice Sheet Modeling [...]
Assessing the effectiveness of irrigator-driven groundwater conservation programs to drought: a case study of the northwestern Kansas Local Enhanced Management Areas
Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Agriculture, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
Groundwater pumping for irrigation has led to significant decreases in groundwater levels in agricultural areas around the world, including the U.S. High Plains Aquifer. Here, we used a process-based corn and sorghum crop model, AquaCrop, to assess the effectiveness of different irrigation management strategies during a synthetic multi-year drought. We focused on the Groundwater Management [...]
Quantifying potential carbon dioxide removal via enhanced weathering using porewater from a field trial in Scotland
Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Engineering
Enhanced weathering (EW) is cited as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy, and is being rapidly commercialized. Rigorous monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) are essential to ensure carbon claims are accurate and carbon credits are not mis-sold. MRV protocols incorporate multiple approaches, including soil and porewater sampling. This paper calculates potential CDR from [...]
Introduction of a nature-based sustainable technology to mitigate climate change-driven water pollution in rivers and lakes
Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Engineering
Climate change is intensifying water stress around the world by disrupting the water quantity and quality of surrounding rivers, lakes, and streams. Sustainable water management to adopt climate change and improve global water security needs to focus on technology and innovation. A decentralized, low-energy and sustainable approach to meet both the water quality and quantity demands requires for [...]
An event-based methodology to estimate emissions from upstream O&G sites
Published: 2025-04-05
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Estimating annual site-level emissions in the oil and gas (O&G) sector is a key requirement for regulatory and voluntary initiatives worldwide. This study introduces an Emission Event Data Model (EEDM) that applies Allen’s interval algebra and spatial proximity to group multi-scale emissions observation and O&G operational data into discrete events. The model classifies emissions events [...]
Google Earth Engine Approach in Monitoring of Mangrove Forest in Govatr Bay, on Oman Sea
Published: 2025-04-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geography
This study investigates geomorphological changes influencing mangrove habitats along Iran's coastline using satellite photos to identify crucial sites for coastal management. Biogeomorphol-ogy helps to solve real-world problems, such as mangrove restoration and coastal management. This study explored the relationship between coastal mangrove habitats and local geomorpholo-gy in Govatr Bay by [...]
A New Fault Model for the 1933 Long Beach Earthquake, Long Beach Area, Southern California
Published: 2025-04-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Newly identified thrust faults and their corresponding thrust sheets, combined with recent micro-earthquake epicenters, better explain anomalous rupture data observed during the 1933 Long Beach Earthquake than previous models based exclusively on Newport-Inglewood Fault Zone strike-slip faulting. A high-quality 45 km2 3D seismic dataset was recorded in 2017, centered along the Seal Beach [...]
Dating Oligocene-Recent siliciclastic sediment sequences from the Norwegian Sea
Published: 2025-04-05
Subjects: Stratigraphy
The Norwegian Sea is crucial for ocean circulation and global climate and has therefore long been a focus in paleoceanography. However, precise dating of sediments has often proved difficult, due to poor preservation and endemism among microfossils and the discontinuous nature of many records. One important Norwegian Sea Site, Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 643, is of particular interest, [...]
Geoscientific Input Feature Selection for CNN-driven Mineral Prospectivity Mapping
Published: 2025-04-05
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In recent years, machine learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks have been used for mineral prospectivity mapping. Since a diverse range of geoscientific data are often available for training, it is computationally challenging to select a subset of features that optimizes model performance. Our study aims to demonstrate the effect of optimal input feature selection on [...]
Salinas Valley Integrated Hydrologic and Reservoir Operations Models, Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties, California Pre-Print
Published: 2025-04-05
Subjects: Hydrology, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
The area surrounding the Salinas Valley groundwater basin in Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties of California is a highly productive agricultural area, contributes significantly to the local economy, and provides a substantial portion of vegetables and other agricultural commodities to the Nation. This region of California provides about half of the Nation’s lettuce, celery, broccoli, and [...]