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Preprints

There are 5516 Preprints listed.

Tidal flexure reveals effective elasticity in grounding zones on the Ross Ice Shelf

Faye M. Elgart, Brent Minchew, Colin R. Meyer

Published: 2025-04-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The grounding zones of Antarctic ice shelves are among the continent’s most dynamic regions, where floating ice shelves buttress grounded upstream ice and tidal forcing drives cyclic flexure at the ice-ocean-bed interface. We use ICESat-2 altimetry and airborne ice-penetrating radar to constrain the effective Young’s modulus E* of ice in the flexure zone at three sites on the Ross Ice Shelf. By [...]

Four-Decade Analysis of Fire Behavior in the Brazilian Caatinga Biome 1985-2023

Mauricio Alejandro Perea Ardila

Published: 2025-04-11
Subjects: Forest Management, Geographic Information Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing

The Caatinga, unique in northeastern Brazil, has species adapted to the semi-arid climate. Recurrent fires put its biodiversity at risk, highlighting the need for urgent measures to protect this fragile ecosystem. This study analyzed four decades of fire behavior in the Caatinga biome (1985-2023) using data from the MapBiomas Fire project and spatial analysis, revealing a worrying dynamic of [...]

WITHDRAWN Estimating the contribution of vacant land in mitigating flooding in the Neuse Basin

Sarah Lebu, Rita Gyimah, Christopher Samoray

Published: 2025-04-11
Subjects: Environmental Sciences

WITHDRAWN

The effects of rain on a Ka-band swath altimeter: lessons learned from the SWOT mission

Bruno Picard, Aurélien Colin, Aurélien Husson, et al.

Published: 2025-04-11
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Meteorology, Oceanography

The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission offers unprecedented Ka-band swath altimetry measurements via its KaRIn instrument, but remains highly sensitive to signal attenuation by precipitation. This study investigates the radiometric behavior of KaRIn under rain conditions, focusing on the characterization, correction, and physical interpretation of the normalized radar backscatter [...]

Impact of Marine Heatwaves and Coldwaves on CO2 in the South China Sea

Zhao Meng

Published: 2025-04-11
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Global warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the South China Sea, while marine cold waves (MCWs) occur intermittently. Both phenomena influence the air-sea CO2 flux (FCO2) at the air-sea interface. This study uses inversion and reanalysis data, along with FCO2 diagnostic methods, to assess their impact on FCO2 in the South China Sea from 2003 to 2019. The [...]

A multiple asymmetric bilateral rupture sequence derived from the peculiar tele-seismic P-waves of the 2025 Myanmar earthquake

Naohiro Inoue, Ryo Yamaguchi, Yuji Yagi, et al.

Published: 2025-04-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology

A large strike-slip earthquake occurred in central Myanmar on March 28, 2025. The aftershock distribution suggests that the rupture of the mainshock propagated mainly to the south. However, a large-amplitude phase lasting 20 s, followed by a short-period pulse-like phase, were observed at the stations on the north side of the source, while on the south side tremor-like phases with multiple peaks [...]

Differential Impacts of Marine Heatwaves and Coldwaves on Air-Sea CO2 Flux Across Global Oceans

Zhao Meng

Published: 2025-04-10
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The contrasting impacts of marine heatwaves (MHWs) and marine cold waves (MCWs) on the ocean carbon cycle remain insufficiently understood. Based on observational and reanalysis data from 1990 to 2019, this study investigates the global-scale responses of air-sea CO2 fluxes (FCO2) to MHWs and MCWs. Results reveal that MHWs and MCWs exert opposing influences on FCO2, with the magnitude of [...]

How the Magnetic North Pole and Energetic Particle Precipitation Control Earth's Climate

Chris Barnes

Published: 2025-04-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The hypothesis that the position of the magnetic North Pole (Dip Pole) (latitude) ought to be very highly correlated with global temperature change on Earth has been tested and shown to be correct. The probability of such a correlation happening by chance is close to zero. Moreover, this has likely been the dominant climate driver for the last 2000 years. A Granger causality test shows Pole [...]

Deep source regions for Patagonia backarc volcanism imaged by finite frequency body wave tomography

Walid Ben-Mansour, Valerie Maupin, Douglas A Wiens, et al.

Published: 2025-04-09
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology

The subduction of Chile Ridge beneath South America beginning 12-16 Myr ago opened a gap in the subducting slab beneath southern Patagonia, which migrated northward and is located today at 46oS. Geodynamic processes associated with the slab window are poorly understood. Here we apply finite-frequency P and S body wave tomography to seismic data from several temporary arrays as well as regional [...]

Forecasting During Volcanic Crises

Mark Bebbington, Sara Barsotti, Warner Marzocchi, et al.

Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences

Forecasting during a volcanic crisis is vital to the preservation of life and mitigation of loss during eruption. Decisions on when, where and how to evacuate, where to send the evacuees, and when they can return, are all informed by forecasts of impending volcanic activity. We review input data and models that underlie short-term forecasts during an eruption crisis, software and tools applied, [...]

dageo: Data Assimilation in Geosciences

Dieter Werthmüller, Gabriel Serrao Seabra, Femke C. Vossepoel

Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Mining Engineering, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Engineering

Data Assimilation combines computer models with real-world measurements to improve estimates and forecasts of dynamical systems such as oceans, atmosphere, and subsurface reservoirs. The Python package dageo is a tool to apply data assimilation in geoscience applications. Currently, it encompasses the Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation (ESMDA) method and provides tools for [...]

Volcano stratigraphy and mapping

Karen Fontijn, Benjamin Bernard, Drew T Downs, et al.

Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Stratigraphy, Volcanology

Volcano-geologic mapping and stratigraphic reconstructions provide important information toward understanding patterns of edifice construction and destruction of volcanic systems, their eruptive histories and recurrence rates, and magmatic evolution and plumbing systems, all of which are required to make informed hazard assessments. Geologic mapping of volcanic terrains also provides context in [...]

Assessing Future Ice Shelf Collapse Vulnerability in the ISMIP6 Ensemble

Benjamin Reynolds, Sophie Nowicki

Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Understanding the possibility of future ice shelf collapses similar to the Larsen B is critical for improving sea-level-rise projections due to the restraint on upstream flow that ice shelves provide. Prior research has provided a criterion for assessing the vulnerability of ice shelf to hydrofracture. We apply these calculations to the model ensemble results from the Ice Sheet Modeling [...]

Assessing the effectiveness of irrigator-driven groundwater conservation programs to drought: a case study of the northwestern Kansas Local Enhanced Management Areas

Wayne Ndlovu, Sam Zipper, Timothy Foster

Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Agriculture, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability, Water Resource Management

Groundwater pumping for irrigation has led to significant decreases in groundwater levels in agricultural areas around the world, including the U.S. High Plains Aquifer. Here, we used a process-based corn and sorghum crop model, AquaCrop, to assess the effectiveness of different irrigation management strategies during a synthetic multi-year drought. We focused on the Groundwater Management [...]

Quantifying potential carbon dioxide removal via enhanced weathering using porewater from a field trial in Scotland

Amy Louise McBride, Kirstine Skov, Peter Wade, et al.

Published: 2025-04-08
Subjects: Engineering

Enhanced weathering (EW) is cited as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy, and is being rapidly commercialized. Rigorous monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) are essential to ensure carbon claims are accurate and carbon credits are not mis-sold. MRV protocols incorporate multiple approaches, including soil and porewater sampling. This paper calculates potential CDR from [...]

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