Preprints
There are 5889 Preprints listed.
Experiments to Systematically Evaluate the Role of Cohesion in River Morphodynamics
Published: 2025-07-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Engineering Science and Materials, Environmental Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Other Engineering, Social and Behavioral Sciences
While cohesion is thought to be an important control on sediment transport, few studies have systematically examined the role of cohesion in river morphodynamics. In this study we use simplified, small-scale laboratory experiments to investigate how increasing sediment cohesion affects the morphometrics of fluvial channels. Experiments were conducted in a laminar flume with a mixture of [...]
A novel experimental V-Sc olivine-melt oxybarometer for arc magmas
Published: 2025-07-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry
Redox conditions significantly affect phase equilibria, the availability and mobility of heterovalent elements, including volatiles (i.e., S) and metals (e.g., Fe, Cu) in silicate melts. Gaining a deeper understanding of the initial redox state of magmas may help better understand magmatic ore fertility, volcanic degassing, and the redox evolution of Earth's crust and atmosphere. This study [...]
Characterizing point-source carbon emissions by combining TROPOMI CO and OCO CO2 data.
Published: 2025-07-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding and independently validating carbon emissions from concentrated point sources is vital to support climate policy. Satellite-based quantifications of CO2 point source emissions have been limited by the spatial coverage of current satellite instruments. We combine three different satellite instruments to determine carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of seven large [...]
www.SewageMap.co.uk and POOPy: Open-source tools for understanding and communicating the environmental impacts of combined sewer overflows in real-time
Published: 2025-07-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Outdoor Education
Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) discharges occur when combined sewer systems exceed capacity leading to the discharge of untreated sewage and storm-water into rivers and seas. These events introduce pollutants such as microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and faecal matter into the environment, negatively impacting water-quality & ecosystems, as well as posing a risk to public health. In England, UK, [...]
Nanoscale Interfacial Dissolution-Precipitation Reactions Drive Incipient Carbon Mineralization at the Tamarack Intrusive Complex Peridotite
Published: 2025-07-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Tamarack ultramafic intrusion in Minnesota, USA may be suited to host concurrent carbon sequestration and critical mineral recovery. These dual capabilities are vital to reduce carbon emissions and supply metals (e.g. nickel) necessary for electric vehicles and other rapidly upscaling energy technologies. To understand carbonation reaction pathways and assess carbon sequestration potential in [...]
Iran’s Sustainability Gap: An Economic Analysis
Published: 2025-07-29
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Iran faces a widening sustainability gap as biocapacity stagnates while the ecological footprint expands. This study investigates how external debt, economic growth, natural resource rents, and renewable energy consumption affect the national load capacity factor—a composite index of biocapacity relative to ecological demand. Annual data for 1995–2023 were compiled from the World Bank and the [...]
Understanding historical and projected compound change on the Northwest Atlantic shelf
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are accompanied by ocean acidification, oxygen loss, and warming of the global ocean. However, in coastal environments, local processes that occur on small spatial scales can moderate or exacerbate these trends. These processes are not well represented in global climate models. Therefore, downscaled tools are useful to decipher carbonate system [...]
Household climate adaptations reflect patterning in climate events
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Studies, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing
It is well-documented that households respond to climate events with climate adaptations, risk-management strategies like livelihood diversification, migration, or remittances – sending money and goods across distances. However, the focus is largely on responses to single climate events, while suggestive evidence indicates that temporal and spatial patterns across multiple events – including [...]
QuakeMigrate: a Python Package for Automatic Earthquake Detection and Location Using Waveform Migration and Stacking
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Volcanology
QuakeMigrate is a modular, open-source Python package providing a framework to efficiently and automatically detect and locate microseismicity. From raw seismic waveforms and a modest number of physically meaningful inputs and tuneable parameters, it produces catalogues of earthquakes including hypocentres, their associated uncertainties, phase arrival times, and local magnitude estimates, all of [...]
Seismic precursors to the Blatten, Switzerland landslide revealed by unsupervised machine learning
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The transition from stable to unstable states in geological systems, such as landslides and fault zones, remains poorly understood. Seismic precursors and foreshocks related to the transition are often difficult to observe and the interpretation remains challenging. Here, we report an observation of the nucleation process preceding the glacial landslide on May~28,~2025 in the village of Blatten, [...]
Quantum Entropy & Probabilistic Clustering for Uncertainty-Aware Groundwater Quality Assessment in Geochemically Complex Terrains of Eastern India
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Groundwater quality assessment in geochemically heterogeneous regions is often constrained by deterministic models that overlook spatial variability, inter-parameter dependencies, and system uncertainty. This study proposes a novel Quantum Entropy-based Groundwater Quality Index (QEGWI), which leverages von Neumann entropy derived from quantum density matrices to weight hydrogeochemical [...]
Validation Challenges in Large-Scale Tree Crown Segmentations from Remote Sensing Imagery Using Deep Learning: A Case Study in Germany
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Forest Sciences
Deep-learning–based individual tree-crown (ITC) mapping has become increasingly prominent in remote sensing, yet rigorous validation of these predictions at large spatial scales remains challenging. Using data from an extensive case study involving the mapping of approximately 218.7 million trees across the German federal states of Sachsen and Sachsen-Anhalt from multispectral aerial imagery, [...]
Geochemical characteristics of orthopyroxene-bearing metamorphosed lithologies in the northern Chilka lake area, Eastern Ghats belt, India: Insights into the original nature and petrogenesis of precursors
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The northern Chilka Lake area stone quarries expose a high-grade terrane comprising a metapelitic suite interbanded with orthopyroxene-bearing gneisses and garnet-biotite leucogneisses (leptynites). This study presents bulk-rock and mineral chemistry data of the orthopyroxene-bearing units to evaluate the true nature of their protoliths and to comment on their petrogenesis. Field, petrographic, [...]
Reduced-order modelling of Cascadia’s slow slip cycles
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Slow-slip events (SSEs) modulate the earthquake cycle in subduction zones, yet understanding their physics remains challenging due to sparse observations and high computational cost of physics-based simulations. We present a scientific machine-learning approach using a data-driven reduced-order modeling (ROM) framework to efficiently simulate the SSE cycle governed by rate-and-state friction in a [...]
Automated Load–Settlement Prediction of Shallow Foundations from Pushed-in PENCEL Pressuremeter Data Based on Briaud (2007) Method: A Python-Based Framework
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Engineering
This study presents a fully automated, Python-based framework for predicting shallow foundation settlements from pushed-in PENCEL pressuremeter (PPMT) data, using an adapted implementation of Briaud’s (2007) method. The framework transforms raw in-situ test results into design-grade load–settlement curves by automating key analytical steps, including borehole wall-point detection, Lemée-type [...]