Preprints
There are 4595 Preprints listed.
Satellite-based surveys reveal substantial methane point-source emissions in major oil & gas basins of North America during 2022-2023
Published: 2024-02-28
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Remote Sensing
Utilizing imaging spectroscopy technology to identify methane super-emitters plays a vital role in mitigating methane emissions in the Oil & Gas (O&G) sector. While earlier research has uncovered significant point-source methane emissions from O&G production in the US and Canada, which are key regions with large methane emissions, a comprehensive post-COVID-19 survey has been notably [...]
Unconfined gravity current interactions with orthogonal topography: Implications for combined-flow processes and the depositional record.
Published: 2024-02-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Turbidity current behaviour is affected by interactions with seafloor topography. Changes in flow dynamics will depend on the physiographic configuration of the topography (orientation and gradient), and the character of the incoming flow (magnitude and rheology). A better understanding of how unconfined turbidity currents interact with topography will improve interpretations of the stratigraphic [...]
Assessing and improving the robustness of Bayesian evidential learning in one dimension for inverting TDEM data: introducing a new threshold procedure
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding the subsurface is of prime importance for many geological and hydro-geological applications. Geophysical methods offer an economical alternative for in-vestigating the subsurface compared to costly borehole investigation methods, but geophysical results are commonly obtained through an inversion whose solution is non-unique. Deterministic inversions providing a unique solution are [...]
Tidally driven porewater exchange and diel cycles control CO2 fluxes in mangroves
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mangrove soils are highly enriched in organic carbon. Tidal pumping drives seawater and oxygen into mangrove sediments during flood tide and releases carbon-rich porewater during ebb tides. Here, we resolve semi-diurnal (flood/ebb tides), diel (day/night) and weekly (neap/spring tides) drivers of porewater-derived CO2 fluxes in two mangroves and update global estimates of CO2 emissions. Tidal [...]
Old concepts in a new semantic perspective: introducing a geotemporal approach to conceptual definitions in geology
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Life Sciences
Geological units are the fundamental building blocks that help understand regional geological history and architecture. Classifying these correctly is therefore crucial, as is acknowledging how they relate to each other. This is where traditional definitions fall short, which is increasingly becoming evident with the ongoing effort of setting up advanced knowledge systems that rely on semantic [...]
Co-constructing ‘third spaces’ for engagement between minoritized community groups and environmental scientists
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Education, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The demographics of environmental and Earth scientists are not representative of the UK’s multicultural society. We sought to widen diversity through two related engaged research projects, 'Walking the Walk' and 'Landscape Stories'. This paper offers a critically reflexive account, based on the methodology of duoethnography, of how we co-constructed a ‘third space’ for these projects. We sought [...]
An ensemble neural network approach for space-time landslide predictive modelling
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Geomorphology, Multivariate Analysis
There is an urgent need for accurate and effective Landslide Early Warning Systems (LEWS). Most LEWS are currently based on a single temporally-aggregated measure of rainfall derived from either in-situ measurements or satellite-based rainfall estimates. Relying on a summary metric of precipitation may not capture the complexity of the rainfall signal and its dynamics in space and time in [...]
Observations from the Seafloor: Ultra-low-frequency Ambient Ocean-Bottom Nodal Seismology at the Amendment Field
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Large-scale ocean-bottom node (OBN) arrays of 1000s of multi-component instruments deployed over 1000s of square kilometers have been used successfully for active-source seismic exploration activities including full waveform inversion (FWI) at exploration frequencies above about 2.0 Hz. The analysis of concurrently recorded lower-frequency ambient wavefield data, though, is only just beginning. A [...]
Reconstructing Global Ocean Color Data at High Temporal Resolution Using an Improved DINEOF Algorithm
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Global studies on phytoplankton phenology remain challenging primarily because of sparse observations. The Data Interpolation Empirical Orthogonal Function (DINEOF) algorithm has been used successfully to reconstruct datasets of geophysical and biological variables such as sea surface temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll a (Chl a). We propose an improved version of DINEOF, DINEOF+, based on a [...]
Challenges of applying an embedded domain specific language for performance portability to Earth system models
Published: 2024-02-26
Subjects: Computational Engineering, Earth Sciences
Weather and climate modeling, reliant on substantial computational resources, faces challenges of escalating resource demands and energy consumption as problem sizes and model complexity increase. Leveraging Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) for accelerated simulations demands performance portability across diverse High Performance Computing (HPC) architectures. The concept of embedded Domain [...]
Climatic and geological insights on geochemical signatures left in ancient glass
Published: 2024-02-25
Subjects: Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Geography
Glass artifacts have been the subject of extensive trade as exquisite items of the social elite since ancient times. Vestiges of their production and migration are still visible around the globe. To comprehend the historical narrative of human life encapsulated within them, it is imperative to ascertain their inception, which directly correlates with the identification of raw materials used in [...]
GLAMOUR: GLobAl building MOrphology dataset for URban hydroclimate modelling
Published: 2024-02-25
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding building morphology is crucial for accurately simulating interactions between urban structures and hydroclimate dynamics. Despite significant efforts to generate detailed global building morphology datasets, there is a lack of practical solutions using publicly accessible resources. In this work, we present GLAMOUR, a dataset derived from open-source Sentinel imagery that captures [...]
A Mathematical Representation of Historical Greenhouse Gas Emissions with Rigorous Insights
Published: 2024-02-25
Subjects: Analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Longitudinal Data Analysis and Time Series, Numerical Analysis and Computation
In this paper, we analyze historical greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide, leveraging a dataset provided by (Gütschow and Pflüger, 2023). Employing mathematical modeling, a formal theory is developed, describing the growth trajectories of GHG emissions over time. The theory introduces several key concepts, including historical upper bound emission (HUBE), historical peak emission (HPE), and [...]
Deciphering the role of evapotranspiration in declining relative humidity trends over land
Published: 2024-02-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In recent decades, relative humidity (RH) over land has declined, driving increases in droughts and wildfires. Previous explanations attribute this trend to insufficient moisture advection from the ocean to sustain RH over land, but this ignores atmospheric moisture supplied from terrestrial evapotranspiration (E). While state-of-the-art climate models underestimate this RH trend, the reason [...]
Mapping a novel metric for Flash Flood Recovery using Interpretable Machine Learning
Published: 2024-02-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Flash floods are one of the most devastating natural disasters, yet many aspects of their severity and impact are poorly understood. The recession limb is related to post-flood recovery and its impact on communities, yet it remains less documented than the rising limb of the hydrograph to predict the peak discharge and timing of floods. . This work introduces a new metric called the flash flood [...]