Preprints
There are 5428 Preprints listed.
Adaptive Finetuning of 3D CNNs with Interpretation Uncertainty for Seismic Fault Prediction
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Signal Processing
3D CNNs can exploit the full extent of spatial information in seismic volumes to predict faults. They require large quantities of training data, but this issue has been mitigated by training such networks with large amounts of synthetic training data to apply afterwards on real datasets. Because of domain shift, pre-trained networks may fail to perform as expected, emphasizing the need to [...]
Global Inventory of Dissolved CO2 Sequestration Potential in Geothermal Systems
Published: 2023-06-20
Subjects: Engineering, Other Engineering
Geothermal electricity generation has low carbon emissions compared to hydrocarbon alternatives. Nevertheless, recent attention on emissions of magmatic CO2 and other non-condensable gases (NCG) has prompted interest in their capture and reinjection. The geothermal industry is uniquely placed to effect CO2 sequestration due to existing reinjection infrastructure (e.g., wells, pipes, pumps) and [...]
Aeolian dust accretion outpaces erosion in the formation of Mediterranean alpine soils. New evidence from the periglacial zone of Mount Olympus, Greece
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Soil formation in Mediterranean periglacial landscapes remains poorly understood as the interplay between erosion and aeolian dust accretion in providing parent materials, and mineral weathering and pedogenesis, as dominant post depositional processes, depends on a variety of local and regional factors. Herein, we investigate the balance between erosion and aeolian dust accretion in the formation [...]
A framework for estimating the anthropogenic part of Antarctica’s sea level contribution in a synthetic setting
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The relative contributions of anthropogenic climate change and internal variability in sea level rise from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet are yet to be determined. Even the way to address this question is not yet clear, since these two are linked through ice-ocean feedbacks and probed using ice sheet models with substantial uncertainty. Here we demonstrate how their relative contributions can be [...]
HydroCompute: An Open-Source Web-Based Computational Library for Hydrology and Environmental Sciences
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Engineering
We present HydroCompute, a high-performance client-side computational library specifically designed for web-based hydrological and environmental science applications. Leveraging state-of-the-art technologies in web-based scientific computing, the library facilitates both sequential and parallel simulations, optimizing computational efficiency. Employing multithreading via web workers, [...]
Eddy-mean flow interaction with a Multiple Scale Quasi Geostrophic model
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Parameterization of mesoscale eddies in coarse resolution ocean models are necessary to include the effect of eddies on the large-scale oceanic circulation. We propose to use a multiple-scale quasi geostrophic model to capture the eddy dynamics that develop in response to a prescribe large-scale flow. The multiple scale quasi geostrophic model consists in extending the traditional quasi [...]
Metabasic Rocks as Important Nitrogen Carriers to Forearc Depths: Implications for Deep Nitrogen Cycling
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding deep nitrogen (N) cycling better requires investigating the delivery of N to subduction systems via various lithologies. Input to subduction zones through mafic rocks is more voluminous and massive as compared to sedimentary rocks which calls for a thorough investigation of the behavior of N in metabasic rocks. Here we estimate the delivery of N to subduction zones at fore-arc [...]
Quantifying greenspace with satellite images in Karachi, Pakistan using a new data augmentation paradigm
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Environmental Public Health, Other Computer Sciences
Greenspaces in communities are critical for mitigating effects of climate change and have important impacts on health. Today, the availability of satellite imagery data combined with deep learning methods allows for automated greenspace analysis at high resolution. We propose a novel green color augmentation for deep learning model training to better detect and delineate types of greenspace [...]
Assessing the relative importance of methane super-emitters and diffuse area sources in quantifying total emissions for oil and gas production areas in Algeria
Published: 2023-06-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Methane emissions from oil and gas production provide an important and partly mitigable contribution to anthropogenic global warming. Here, we investigate 2020 emissions from the largest gas field in Algeria, Hassi R'Mel, and the oil production dominated area of Hassi Messaoud. We first use methane data from the high-resolution (20 m) Sentinel-2 instrument to identify eleven point source [...]
Pb diffusion in magnetite: dating magnetite crystallization and the timing of remanent magnetization in banded iron formation
Published: 2023-06-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The ferrimagnetic mineral magnetite (Fe3O4) is abundant in banded iron formation (BIFs), and has the potential to provide U-Pb or Pb-Pb age information on these rocks because it incorporates small amounts of U during growth. Combined with age measurements, paleomagnetic studies of BIF magnetites may also yield insight into the history of Earth’s magnetic field and its relationship to early [...]
Water discharge and sediment flux intermittency in the fluvial Escanilla Formation, Spain: Implications for changes in stratigraphic architecture
Published: 2023-06-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Water discharge and sediment flux variations are important parameters controlling the morphodynamical behavior of rivers. Although quantitative estimates for discharge and flux variability are well constrained for modern rivers, far fewer assessments of flow and sediment flux intermittency in ancient fluvial systems from the rock record are available. In this study we explore the relationship [...]
Is there Information in Residuals: Hydrograph and Recession Flows Predictions using Deep Learning?
Published: 2023-06-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study examines streamflow simulations using deep learning (DL) to: (1) Understand why global DL models trained on multiple watersheds outperform local DL models trained on single watersheds, given the watershed uniqueness hypothesis and (2) Improve recession flow simulation accuracy. It introduces a novel global-local (GL) modeling strategy, where global model outputs are fed as input to a [...]
A framework for the estimation of uncertainties and spectral error correlation in Sentinel-2 Level-2A data products
Published: 2023-06-16
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Monitoring
The Copernicus Sentinel-2 (S2) satellite mission acquires high spatial resolution optical imagery over land and coastal areas. Delivering uncertainty estimates and spectral error correlation alongside S2 data products facilitates the constrain of retrieval algorithms, propagates further downstream the retrieval uncertainty, and fifinally makes informed decisions to end-users. This study [...]
Key predictors for climate policy support and political mobilization: The role of beliefs and preferences
Published: 2023-06-16
Subjects: Social and Behavioral Sciences
Public support and political mobilization are two crucial factors for the adoption of ambitious climate policies in line with the international greenhouse gas reduction targets of the Paris Agreement. Despite their compound importance, they are mainly studied separately. Using a random forest machine-learning model, this article investigates the relative predictive power of key established [...]
Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling of the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand of Singapore and Southeast Asia
Published: 2023-06-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The mid-Holocene sea-level highstand refers to the development of higher-than-present relative sea levels (RSLs) in far-field regions between 7,000 and 4,000 years ago because of equatorial ocean syphoning and continental levering. The timing, magnitude and spatial variability of the highstand are uncertain and the highstand parameterization in Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) modelling is [...]