Preprints
There are 5976 Preprints listed.
A hydromechanical EFG-based Model for Numerical Simulation of Land Subsidence Induced by Groundwater Extraction in Anisotropic Aquifers
Published: 2024-02-17
Subjects: Engineering
This study presents a coupled hydromechanical element-free Galerkin (EFG) model to simulate land subsidence induced by groundwater withdrawal. The EFG algorithm was validated with unsaturated hydraulic and hydromechanical benchmark problems, showing satisfactory alignment with finite element method (FEM) and theoretical results. We inves-tigated the effects of groundwater pumping on land [...]
Spatiotemporal Shift and Heterogeneity of Rain-on-Snow Events
Published: 2024-02-17
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The rapid snowmelt that typically occurs after snow accumulates at low temperatures and precipitation develops at higher temperatures is a defining characteristic of rain-on-snow (ROS). In ROS events, the significance lies not only in the spatial variability of snow coverage but also in factors like snow depth, variations in rainfall over time and space, rates of snowmelt, topographic conditions, [...]
Bad science and good intentions prevent effective climate action
Published: 2024-02-17
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
Although the 2015 Paris Agreement climate targets seem certain to be missed, only a few experts are questioning the adequacy of the current approach to limiting climate change and suggesting that additional approaches are needed to avoid unacceptable catastrophes. This article posits that selective science communication and unrealistically optimistic assumptions are obscuring the reality that [...]
A numerical investigation on the suspended sediment dynamics and sediment budget in the Mekong Delta
Published: 2024-02-17
Subjects: Engineering
Fluvial sediment supply towards the coast has been the subject of extensive research. Important aspects relate to the impact of sediment retaining hydropower dams, potential delta progradation, coastal sediment supply and delta vulnerability to sea level rise. Once validated, process-based models provide a valuable tool to address these aspects and offer detailed information on sediment pathways, [...]
The role of crustal anatexis in porphyry copper ore formation during flat-slab subduction: Insights from the Laramide Belt, SW USA
Published: 2024-02-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The prevailing paradigm for the formation of porphyry copper deposits along convergent plate boundaries involves deep-crustal differentiation of metal-bearing juvenile magmas derived from the mantle-wedge above a subduction zone. However, many major porphyry districts formed during periods of flat-slab subduction when the mantle-wedge would have been reduced or absent, leaving unclear the source [...]
Towards an Open and Integrated Cyberinfrastructure for River Morphology Research in the Big Data Era
Published: 2024-02-16
Subjects: Computer and Systems Architecture, Computer Engineering, Computer Sciences, Databases and Information Systems, Engineering, Environmental Education, Environmental Engineering, Geomorphology, Hydrology, Systems and Communications, Water Resource Management
The objective of this paper is to present the initial illustration of a cyberinfrastructure named the River MORPhology Information System (RIMORPHIS) that addresses the current limitations related to river morphology data and tools. A new specification for data and semantics on river morphology datasets has been developed to support the web-based platform for discovering and visualization of [...]
Seasonality of spectral radiative fluxes and optical properties of Arctic sea ice during the spring-summer transition
Published: 2024-02-15
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The reflection, absorption, and transmittance of solar (shortwave) radiation by sea ice play a crucial role in physical and biological processes in the ice-covered Arctic Ocean and atmosphere. These sea ice optical properties are of great importance, in particular during the melt season, as they significantly impact energy fluxes within and the total energy budget of the coupled [...]
The Challenges of Line Buffers: Issues and Methods
Published: 2024-02-15
Subjects: Geographic Information Sciences
This paper discusses the challenges of flat-cap and other linestring buffers, emphasizing automated applications. The pitfalls of existing implementations are introduced, stemming from the lack of a satisfactory flat-cap buffer definition. The buffers’ roots in computational geometry are explored. Several candidate methods for robust buffer construction are described, and a novel method is [...]
Precise estimation of the GPS To Galileo Time Offset: an experimental setup and its associated processing method
Published: 2024-02-15
Subjects: Aerospace Engineering, Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Navigation, Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Other Earth Sciences, Other Engineering
Although the satellite navigation systems are all in their definition based on the international atomic time (TAI), each system has its own realization. There is therefore a difference, variable in time, between different realizations of the same time systems. Thus, the time of the GPS (GPST) and Galileo (Galileo System Time, GST) systems differ in their realization by some nanoseconds. This [...]
Temporal Comparisons Involving Paleoclimate Data Assimilation: Challenges and Remedies
Published: 2024-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Paleoclimate reconstructions are increasingly central to climate assessments, placing recent and future variability in a broader historical context. Paleoclimate reconstructions are increasingly central to climate assessments, placing recent and future variability in a broader historical context. Several estimation methods produce plumes of climate trajectories that practitioners often want to [...]
Lithospheric unzipping explaining hot orogenesis during continental subduction
Published: 2024-02-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Phanerozoic accretionary orogens typically contain upper crustal nappes derived from subducted lithosphere - oceanic or continental - that display (ultra-)high-pressure, low-temperature ((U)HP-LT) metamorphism. Surprisingly, such orogens often also contain coeval continent-derived nappes that underwent ‘Barrovian’ (MP-HT) syn-burial metamorphism instead. Here, we show examples from the eastern [...]
Multi-satellite data depicts record-breaking methane leak from a well blowout
Published: 2024-02-13
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Accidental blowouts in oil and gas wells can result in large and prolonged methane emissions, which are often unreported when happening in remote places. The rapid advancement of space-based methods for detecting and quantifying methane plumes provides an essential tool for uncovering these super-emission events. We use a range of methane-sensitive satellites to document a methane leak from a [...]
Scaling High-resolution Soil Organic Matter Composition to Improve Predictions of Potential Soil Respiration Across the Continental United States
Published: 2024-02-13
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Soil Science
Despite the importance of microbial respiration of soil organic matter (SOM) in regulating carbon flux between soils and atmosphere, soil carbon cycling models remain primarily based on climate and soil properties, leading to large uncertainty in predictions. With data from the 1000 Soils Pilot of the Molecular Observation Network (MONet), we analyzed high resolution water-extractable SOM [...]
WaterGate: An Accessible Computational Model of Flooding Patterns
Published: 2024-02-13
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
240 million people are affected by floods each year, reflecting the urgent need for accessible flood prediction and detection. WaterGate is a computational model that uses geographic elevation data and the rational method to predict flooding patterns , generating an interactive 3D model for user accessibility. Computational hydrology applies numerical methods, machine learning algorithms, and [...]
Graph Characterization of Higher Order Structure in Atmospheric Chemical Reaction Mechanisms
Published: 2024-02-13
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Other Applied Mathematics, Other Environmental Sciences
Atmospheric chemical reactions play an important role in air quality and climate change. While the structure and dynamics of individual chemical reactions are fairly well understood, the emergent properties of the entire atmospheric chemical system, which can involve many different species that participate in many different reactions, are not well described. In this work, we leverage [...]