Preprints
There are 4720 Preprints listed.
The Equator Project
Published: 2022-09-10
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Geography, Earth and Environmental Science (GEES) research will play a vital role in addressing the grand challenges of the 21st century, contributing to many of the UN sustainable development goals and the global energy transition. However, geoscience knowledge cannot be successfully applied to global problems that impact people from all walks of life unless the discipline itself is equitable. [...]
Lithogeochemistry in exploration for intrusion-hosted magmatic Ni-Cu-Co deposits
Published: 2022-09-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Magmatic Ni-Cu-Co-PGE deposits are notoriously difficult exploration targets owing to a lack of alteration haloes or other extended distal footprints. Success requires prediction of prospective terranes, followed by identification of suitable host intrusions and deposition sites within those intrusions. At the regional scale, potential ore-hosting magmas tend to have lithophile trace element [...]
Wavelet-based wavenumber spectral estimate of eddy kinetic energy: Idealized quasi-geostrophic flow
Published: 2022-09-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A wavelet-based method is re-introduced in an oceanographic and spectral context to estimate wavenumber spectrum and spectral flux of kinetic energy and enstrophy. We apply this to a numerical simulation of idealized, doubly-periodic quasi-geostrophic flows, i.e.~the flow is constrained by the Coriolis force and vertical stratification. The double periodicity allows for a straightforward Fourier [...]
Emerging advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment – guidance for systematic future research
Published: 2022-09-09
Subjects: Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for water treatment are a growing research field with a large variety of different concepts and materials being tested at laboratory scale. However, only few concepts have been translated into pilot- and full-scale operation recently. One major concern are the inconsistent experimental approaches applied across different studies that impede identification, [...]
Seasonal flow types of glaciers in Sermilik Fjord, Greenland, over 2016–2021
Published: 2022-09-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Greenland glaciers have three primary seasonal ice flow patterns, or “types”: terminus driven, runoff driven, and runoff adapting. To date, glacier types have been identified by analyzing flow at a single location near the terminus; information at all other locations is discarded. Here, we use principal component (PC) / empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to decompose multi-year time [...]
Mineral dust aerosol impacts on global climate and climate change
Published: 2022-09-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mineral dust aerosols impact Earth’s energy budget through interactions with radiation, clouds, atmospheric chemistry, the cryosphere and biogeochemistry. In this Review, we summarize these interactions and assess the resulting impacts of dust, and of changes in dust, on global climate and climate change. The total effect of dust interactions on Earth’s global energy budget—the dust effective [...]
Two-dimensional model of flow and transport in porous media: linking heterogeneous anisotropy with stratal patterns in meandering tidal channel deposits of the Venice Lagoon (Italy)
Published: 2022-09-08
Subjects: Geomorphology, Hydrology, Numerical Analysis and Computation
Understanding the internal structure of permeable and impermeable sediments (e.g. point-bars and tidal-flat deposits) generated by the evolution of meandering tidal channels is essential for accurate modeling of groundwater flow and contaminant transport in coastal areas. The detailed reconstruction of stratal geometry and hydraulic properties from measurements must be accompanied by depositional [...]
Seasonal water storage in peat-forming bofedales sustains baseflow in the Andes
Published: 2022-09-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Humid puna Bofedales, or low gradient peat-forming wetlands, are a characteristic feature of the humid puna - a high elevation, seasonally dry grass- and shrub-land found throughout the Central Andes. Despite the importance of the humid puna in supplying water to downstream communities, and the inference that bofedales may play an important role, few studies have explored the hydrology of [...]
A Reproducible and Reusable Pipeline for Segmentation of Geoscientific Imagery
Published: 2022-09-07
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Segmentation of Earth science imagery is an increasingly common task. Among modern techniques that use Deep Learning, the UNet architecture has been shown to be a reliable for segmenting a range of imagery. We developed software - Segmentation Gym - to implement a data-model pipeline for segmentation of scientific imagery using a family of UNet models. With an existing set of imagery and labels, [...]
Formation of authigenic grey monazite: a marker of palaeo-thermal anomaly in very-low grade metamorphic rocks?
Published: 2022-09-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The reassessment of the rare earth element (REE) potential of France led us to investigate REE behaviour in black-shales belonging to the Middle Ordovician Angers-Traveusot formation from central Britany (France), with an emphasis on the formation of nodular grey monazite during the diagenetic and low-grade metamorphic evolution. Temperatures conditions and mass transfer underwent in the black [...]
PubDAS: a PUBlic Distributed Acoustic Sensing datasets repository for geosciences
Published: 2022-09-07
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
During the past few years, Distributing Acoustic Sensing (DAS) has become an invaluable tool for recording high-fidelity seismic wavefields with great spatiotemporal resolutions. However, the considerable amount of data generated during DAS experiments limits their distribution with the broader scientific community. Such a bottleneck inherently slows down the pursuit of new scientific discoveries [...]
Multi-fold increase in rainforests tipping risk beyond 1.5-2⁰C warming
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology
Tropical rainforests invest in their root systems to store soil moisture from water-rich periods for use in water-scarce periods. An inadequate root-zone soil moisture storage predisposes or forces these forest ecosystems to transition to a savanna-like state, devoid of their native structure and functions. Yet changes in soil moisture storage and its influence on the rainforest ecosystems under [...]
Isotopically labeled ozone: a new approach to elucidate the formation of ozonation products
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Engineering, Environmental Sciences
As ozonation becomes a widespread treatment for removal of chemicals of emerging concern in wastewater treatment plant effluents, there are increasing concerns regarding the formation of ozonation products (OPs), and their possible impacts on the aquatic environment and eventually human health. In this study, a novel method was developed that utilizes heavy oxygen (18O2) for the production of [...]
Variational inference of ice shelf rheology with physics-informed machine learning
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Other Mathematics, Other Statistics and Probability, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Floating ice shelves that fringe the coast of Antarctica resist the flow of grounded ice into the ocean. One of the key factors governing the amount of flow-resistance provided by an ice shelf is the rigidity of the ice that constitutes it. Ice rigidity is highly heterogeneous and must be calibrated from spatially-continuous surface observations assimilated into an ice flow model. Moreover, [...]
Source location and wavefield characterization of river-induced seismic tremor
Published: 2022-09-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
River-induced seismic signal (tremor) recorded by deploying seismic stations close to the river can be used to obtain the flow characteristics of rivers indirectly. This task becomes challenging when the tremor is contaminated by strong cultural noise. We conducted an experiment next to Avoca River, County Wicklow, Ireland. We locate and characterize the river-induced tremor by combining the [...]