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Preprints

There are 5516 Preprints listed.

Forecast of Earthquake Magnitude for North-West (NW) Indian Region Using Machine Learning Techniques

Aditya Gupta, Babita Sharma, Prasanta Chingtham

Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology

Earthquakes have posed significant hazards to human lives and infrastructure for as far back as can be recalled. This paper presents a Machine Learning (ML) based approach for earthquake magnitude forecasting spatially using the earthquake clustering in five selected zones of NW Indian region. Previous research efforts have primarily relied on empirical relationships and statistical models, which [...]

Garnet zoning patterns record multiple processes of chemical transfer during subduction

Freya Roxanne George, Daniel R Viete, Janaína N. Ávila, et al.

Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Geology, Other Earth Sciences

Subduction facilitates the transfer of volatiles from the Earth’s surface to its interior. However, the rock-scale processes that govern the efficiency of deep volatile transfer are not fully understood. Garnets from subduction zone rocks commonly have fine-scale, oscillatory elemental zoning that is typically considered to record external fluid ingress/transfer. Elemental and oxygen-isotope [...]

The Outflow Interactions Between Binary Tropical Cyclones

Lulabel Ruiz Seitz, Laurel Regibeau-Rockett, Ipshita Dey, et al.

Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences

The three-dimensional representation of an outflow jet can be used to assess whether interactions may have occurred between the outflows of binary, or spatially proximate, tropical cyclones, as outflow jets represent a dominant portion of the upper-tropospheric outflow for TCs. A novel algorithm, POJ3, for identifying and creating a three-dimensional representation of the principal outflow jet(s) [...]

Determining the Pressure – Temperature – Composition (P-T-X) conditions of magma storage

Penny E Wieser, Matthew Gleeson, Simon Matthews, et al.

Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology

Determining the pressures and temperatures at which melts are stored in the crust and upper mantle, and the major element composition, redox state and volatile contents of these melts, is vital to constrain the structure and dynamics of magmatic plumbing systems. In turn, constraining these parameters helps understand the geochemical and structural evolution of the Earth’s lithosphere, and [...]

Biomarker Indicators of Past Climate

Rienk H. Smittenberg

Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The molecular remainders of living organisms, found in sedimentary records, reflect past ecological, environmental and climatic conditions. Occurrence, abundance, relative distribution and even isotopic composition of these lipid biomarkers can be linked to climatic conditions. This chapter reviews organic proxies for past temperature, salinity, hydrology, sea ice conditions and biomass burning.

Shear-wave attenuation anisotropy: a fluid detection tool

Joseph Asplet, James Wookey, John-Michael Kendall, et al.

Published: 2023-08-24
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology

The behaviour of fluids in preferentially aligned fractures plays an important role in a range of dynamic processes within the Earth. In the near-surface, understanding systems of fluid-filled fractures is crucial for applications such as geothermal energy production, monitoring CO2 storage sites and exploration for metalliferous sub-volcanic brines. Mantle melting is a [...]

Earth's tectonic and plate boundary evolution over 1.8 billion years

Xianzhi Cao, Alan S. Collins, Sergei Pisarevsky, et al.

Published: 2023-08-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Understanding the intricate relationships between the solid Earth and its surface systems in deep time necessitates comprehensive full-plate tectonic reconstructions that include evolving plate boundaries and oceanic plates. In particular, a tectonic reconstruction that spans multiple supercontinent cycles is important to understand the long-term evolution of Earth's interior, surface [...]

Impact of rift history on the structural style of intracontinental rift-inversion orogens

Dylan Alexander Vasey, John Naliboff, Eric S. Cowgill, et al.

Published: 2023-08-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Tectonics and Structure

Although many collisional orogens form after subduction of oceanic lithosphere between two continents, some orogens result from strain localization within a continent via inversion of structures inherited from continental rifting. Intracontinental rift-inversion orogens exhibit a range of structural styles, but the underlying causes of such variability have not been extensively explored. Here, we [...]

Large-scale green grabbing for wind and solar PV development in Brazil

Michael Klingler, Nadia Ameli, Jamie Rickman, et al.

Published: 2023-08-22
Subjects: Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Human Geography, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Large-scale wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) infrastructures are expanding rapidly in Brazil. These projects can exacerbate struggles for land rooted in weak land governance, with negative impacts for traditional populations due to loss of access to common lands. Here, we trace how green grabbing, i.e. the large-scale appropriation and control of (undesignated) public lands, both formally legal [...]

A proxy implementation of thermal pressurization for earthquake cycle modeling on rate-and-state faults

Marco Tulio Herrera Mena, Jean Paul Ampuero, Jorge G.F. Crempien

Published: 2023-08-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The reduction of effective normal stress during earthquake slip due to thermal pressurization of fault pore fluids is a significant fault weakening mechanism. Explicit incorporation of this process into frictional fault models involves solving the diffusion equations for fluid pressure and temperature outside the fault at each time step, which significantly increases the computational complexity. [...]

Information Sharing: The Missing Ingredient in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy of Pakistan-Agriculture Perspective

Asmat Ali, Munir Ahmad, Mobushir Riaz Khan

Published: 2023-08-22
Subjects: Agriculture, Food Science, Geographic Information Sciences, Remote Sensing, Spatial Science

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the important role of information sharing in advancing innovation that is presently missing in National Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Policy of Pakistan approved in 2012. Information is a key resource for making innovations in science, technology and policies. Like other countries of the world, almost all government departments in Pakistan [...]

Spontaneous Unsteadiness and Sorting in Pyroclastic Density Currents and their Deposits

Pete Rowley, Rebecca Williams, Matthew Johnson, et al.

Published: 2023-08-22
Subjects: Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Volcanology

Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) pose substantial risk to populations living on and around active volcanoes, but their structure and internal dynamics are poorly understood. Much of this understanding is derived from interpretation of their widespread deposits. Scaled experiments are able to probe different conditions, to explore how changing flow dynamics relate to the wide variety of [...]

GossenAIA2015-RapaNuislides

candace gossen

Published: 2023-08-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A slide presentation from AIA 116th Annual Conference, New Orleans, Jan 8-11 2015. The 149 slides in pdf format are from the original Keynote presentation: Deforestation, Drought and Humans: The Collapse Theory is Dead-New Evidence of Sustainability and Survival.

Temperature and hydrological variations during the Late-Glacial in the central Mediterranean: application of the novel ostracod-clumped isotope thermometer

Marta Marchegiano, Marion Yolande Peral, Rebecca Doyle, et al.

Published: 2023-08-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

This study shows, for the first time, the absence of a vital effect in the clumped isotope carbonate (Δ47) fossil ostracod signal and confirms the ability of the novel ostracod-Δ47 thermometer to reconstruct past temperatures and hydrological conditions in complex lacustrine systems. Furthermore, the application of Δ47 analyses on the ostracod species Candona angulata and Cyprideis torosa from [...]

A Contemporary Systematic Review of Cyberinfrastructure Systems and Applications for Flood and Drought Data Analytics and Communication

Serhan Yeşilköy, Özlem Baydaroğlu, Nikhil Singh, et al.

Published: 2023-08-19
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Hydrology

Hydrometeorological disasters, including floods and droughts, have intensified in both frequency and severity in recent years. This trend underscores the critical role of timely monitoring, accurate forecasting, and effective warning systems in facilitating proactive responses. Today's information systems offer a vast and intricate mesh of data, encompassing satellite imagery, meteorological [...]

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