Preprints
There are 5428 Preprints listed.
A Web-based Decision Support Framework for Optimizing Road Network Accessibility and Emergency Facility Allocation During Flooding
Published: 2023-08-03
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Risk Analysis
Transportation systems can be significantly affected by flooding, leading to physical damage and subsequent adverse impacts such as increased travel distance to essential services. Even though flooding is a frequently recurring phenomenon that can affect thousands of people per event, there are limited accessible online tools available for analyzing and visualizing flood risk for supporting [...]
Dynamic rainfall-induced landslide susceptibility: a step towards a unified forecasting system
Published: 2023-08-03
Subjects: Geomorphology, Statistical Models
The initial inception of the landslide susceptibility concept defined it as a static property of the landscape, explaining the proneness of certain locations to generate slope failures. Since the spread of data-driven probabilistic solutions though, the original susceptibility definition has been challenged to incorporate dynamic elements that would lead the occurrence probability to change both [...]
Estimating Reservoir Sedimentation Using Deep Learning
Published: 2023-08-03
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Several reservoirs across the US are filling with sediment, which jeopardizes their functionality and increases maintenance costs. The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) developed the Reservoir Sedimentation Information (RSI) system to assess reservoir aggradation and track dam operation suitability for water-resource management and dam safety. The RSI dataset contains historical [...]
The ostracod clumped-isotope thermometer: A novel tool to reconstruct quantitative continental climate changes.
Published: 2023-08-02
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study presents the ostracod clumped-isotope (∆47) thermometer, a new tool that provides quantitative temperature and hydrological reconstruction from lacustrine systems, which are among the best archives to reconstruct continental paleotemperature variations. The relationship between ∆47 and the temperature at which ostracod shell crystallized, is determined by measuring ∆47 on different [...]
Pressurizing magma within heterogeneous crust: a case study at the Socorro Magma Body, New Mexico, USA
Published: 2023-08-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Surface deformation plays a key role in illuminating magma transport at active volcanoes, however, unambiguous separation of deep and shallow transport remains elusive. The Socorro Magma Body (SMB) lacks an upper crustal magma transport system, allowing us to link geodetic measurements with predictions of numerical models investigating rheologic heterogeneities and magma-mush interaction in the [...]
What can be said about risks, vulnerabilities, and adaptation to climate change in Caribbean small island developing states (SIDS)? The case of Dominica. A qualitative study
Published: 2023-08-02
Subjects: Public Health
Introduction Caribbean Small island developing states (SIDS) are generally qualified as disproportionately vulnerable to climate change, including extreme weather events like hurricanes. While many studies already documented the impacts of climate change on health in the wealthiest countries, there is little knowledge in this field in Caribbean SIDS. Our study aims to discuss health risks and [...]
Our first Anthroponomic task: Remove the infrared pea soup
Published: 2023-08-01
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Some underappreciated aspects of the climate. [Idealization]: Earth has a partially IR-opaque 5-km-deep tropospheric layer whose (slowly rising) top radiates waste heat to space at the -18°C Stefan-Boltzmann temperature and below which the temperature increases 33°C by adiabatic compression. Fossil-fuel CO2 has deepened this layer by 308 m and added 2°C of Anthropogenic Global Warming. [...]
Application of the authigenic 10Be/9Be dating to constrain the age of a long-lived lake and its regression in an isolated intermontane basin: The case of Late Miocene Lake Turiec, Western Carpathians
Published: 2023-07-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
The depositional record of intermontane basins provides a valuable archive of the temporal evolution of orogenic belts; their common isolated nature may, however, hinder the efficient usage of standard approaches to constrain the age of a basin fill. In this paper the authigenic 10Be/9Be dating method is employed and tested to construct an age model of the existence and regression of Lake Turiec, [...]
Ultrasonic degradation of GenX (HFPO-DA) - Performance comparison to PFOA and PFOS at high frequencies
Published: 2023-07-31
Subjects: Engineering
Sonolytic degradation kinetics of hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA or GenX) were studied for the first time at four high ultrasonic frequencies (375, 580, 860 and 1,140 kHz) and three power densities (200, 300 and 400 W/L), and compared to the degradation of previously studied perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). The frequency of 580 kHz displayed [...]
The paleoecology of Rano Kao and the Environmental dynamics on Rapa Nui -the last 15,000 years
Published: 2023-07-30
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Summary Recent Research at Ava Ranga Uka includes the coring of four water sites along an 8km long collapsed lava tube to find out if significant carbon and nitrogen relationships to drought and rainfall fluctuations could be found on the terrestrial landscape. In 2005 we conducted the first paleoecological studies using oxygen isotopes were conducted in Rano Kao and the core KAO3 produced [...]
Experimental results, integrated model validation, and economic aspects of agrivoltaic systems at northern latitudes
Published: 2023-07-30
Subjects: Agriculture, Other Mechanical Engineering
Agrivoltaic systems, which allow the coexistence of crop and electricity production on the same land, are considered an integrated water-energy-food nexus solution to allow the simultaneous attainment of conflicting Sustainable Development Goals. This study aims to analyse experimental results on ley grass yield and quality response to shadings in the first agrivoltaic system in Sweden and [...]
Unsupervised clustering identifies thermohaline staircases in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean
Published: 2023-07-28
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Thermohaline staircases are a widespread stratification feature that impact the vertical transport of heat and nutrients and are consistently observed throughout the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. Observations of staircases from the same time period and geographic region form clusters in temperature-salinity ($T$--$S$) space. Here, for the first time, we use an automated clustering algorithm [...]
3D shear wave velocity structure in the southwestern Okinawa Trough
Published: 2023-07-28
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
The southwestern Okinawa Trough is an active back-arc basin, extending and rifting within the continental lithosphere. Studying the southwestern Okinawa Trough is important for understanding the processes involved in the opening and development of a back-arc basin. At various times between 2010 and 2018, the Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan deployed 34 Ocean Bottom [...]
The uncertain future of mountaintop-removal-mined landscapes 1: How mining changes erosion processes and variables
Published: 2023-07-28
Subjects: Geomorphology
Surface mining may be humanity's most tangible impact on Earth's surface and will become more prevalent as the energy transition progresses. Prediction of post-mining landscape change can help mitigate environmental damage, but requires understanding how mining changes geomorphic processes and variables. Here we investigate surface mining's complex influence on surface processes in a case study [...]
How big is a boulder? Evaluating fixed and process-based definitions for boulders
Published: 2023-07-28
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Boulders are globally widespread and influence landscape processes across hillslopes, coasts, rivers and extra-terrestrial settings. Boulders are described as particles, sufficiently large, that the movement of an individual grain promotes substantial geomorphic change. Moving beyond this conceptual definition, however, requires a somewhat arbitrary decision of how to define a minimum boulder [...]