Preprints
There are 5647 Preprints listed.
WITHDRAWN: Thermonuclear Fusion as a Source of Seismic Phenomena?
Published: 2023-11-01
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract removed when submission was withdrawn.
WITHDRAWN: The Quantum Mechanism of Earthquakes as Exemplified by a Sudden Ejection of Rocks and Gas from a Rock Mass during the Process of a Coulomb Explosion
Published: 2023-11-01
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract removed when submission was withdrawn.
Fluvial reworking eliminates small craters, but does not meaningfully bias the Mars interbedded-crater record
Published: 2023-10-31
Subjects: Geomorphology, Planetary Geomorphology, Planetary Sedimentology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Interpreting the structures, morphology, and chemistry of the exposed stratigraphic record on Mars is complicated by ancient surface processes that have variably removed parts of the record. Previous research has used the lack of smaller craters (<50 m diameter) interbedded with fluvial deposits to constrain atmospheric pressure when rivers were active on Mars; the notion being that higher [...]
Forest carbon market-based mechanisms in India: Learnings from global design principles and domestic barriers to implementation
Published: 2023-10-31
Subjects: Social and Behavioral Sciences
Forest carbon markets (FCMs) have emerged as a significant means to direct resources toward urgent climate action that can mobilize a large set of actors and catalyze funding toward reducing deforestation and promoting sustainable forest management. Here, we conduct a critical qualitative review of global academic and investigative literature to identify ten major sets of design principles that [...]
Petrographic and geochemical evidence for a complex magmatic plumbing system beneath Bagana volcano, Papua New Guinea
Published: 2023-10-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Volcanology
Bagana is a persistently active stratovolcano located on Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea. Characteristic activity consists of prolonged lava effusion over months to years, with occasional shifts to explosive vulcanian or subplinian eruptions which threaten surrounding communities. Satellite observations have shown that Bagana is a major SO2 emitter, particularly during eruptive intervals. [...]
Quantifying fault interpretation uncertainties and their impact on fault seal and seismic hazard analysis
Published: 2023-10-31
Subjects: Geology, Tectonics and Structure
Fault-horizon cut-off data extracted from seismic reflection datasets are used to study normal fault geometry, displacement distribution, and growth history. We assess the influence of three seismic interpretation factors (repeatability, measurement obliquity, and fault cut-off type) on fault parameter uncertainty. Two repeat interpretations resulted in mean differences of 5-15% for throw, 11-42% [...]
Robustness of the evaluation of indirect costs of natural disasters: example of the ARIO model
Published: 2023-10-30
Subjects: Risk Analysis
Given the interconnectedness of economies and the prevalence of just-in-time production processes, even small interruptions to production caused by natural disasters can lead to great indirect economic impacts. A substantial body of literature on this subject exists, notably with the help of input-output analysis, CGE and agent-based models. However, such models rely on parameters and data which [...]
New insights into the Upper Pleistocene directed blast eruption, Popocatépetl volcano, México
Published: 2023-10-30
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphy, Volcanology
Volcanic eruptions of the directed blast type are characterized by powerful explosions with a significant lateral pyroclastic density current (PDC) component that can travel at speeds above 100 m s–1 and affect hundreds of square kilometers around a volcano. This study presents preliminary results of a detailed fieldwork and stratigraphic study of deposits associated with the Ocoxaltepec Blast [...]
A Portable low-cost Device to Quantify Advective Gas Fluxes from Mofettes into the Lower Atmosphere: First Application to Starzach Mofettes (Germany)
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In this study, we introduce a portable low-cost device for in situ gas emission measurement from focused point sources of CO2, such as mofettes. We assess the individual sensors' precision with calibration experiments and perform an independent verification of the system's ability to measure gas flow rates in the range of liters per second. The results from one week of continuous CO2 flow [...]
Australia’s Tinderbox Drought: an extreme natural event likely worsened by human-caused climate change
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We examine the characteristics and causes of southeast Australia’s Tinderbox Drought (2017–2019) that preceded the Black Summer fire disaster. The Tinderbox Drought was characterised by cool season rainfall deficits of around –50% in three consecutive years, which was exceptionally unlikely in the context of natural variability alone. The precipitation deficits were initiated and sustained by an [...]
Fantastic Wetlands and Why to Monitor Them: Demonstrating the Social and Financial Benefit Potential of Methane Abatement through Salt Marsh Restoration
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Salt marsh restoration has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions thereby providing an opportunity for blue carbon crediting, but implementation has been limited to date because of insufficient data and validation. Freshening salt marshes are sources of methane emissions, which present an opportunity for states to address this source of potent greenhouse gas emissions if restored to [...]
Impact of moderating role of green cultures over green environmental effects.
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Environmental Studies
The study examined the impact of green practices of human resources, empowered interaction capability and green innovation behavior over green environmental effects by moderating effects of green cultures. The research took chemical industry as population, and obtained 220 respondents working in chemical industry of Karachi city as sample. SPSS was used for statistical analysis and PLS4.0 was [...]
Pacific shoreline erosion and accretion patterns controlled by El Niño/Southern Oscillation
Published: 2023-10-27
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Climate, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geomorphology, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In the Pacific Basin, the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of interannual climate variability, driving substantial changes in oceanographic forcing and impacting Pacific coastlines. Yet, how sandy coasts respond to these basin-scale changes has to date been limited to a few long-term beach monitoring sites, predominantly on developed coasts. Here we use 38 years of Landsat [...]
Testing the applicability of standardised growth curves for chemically heterogeneous single-grain feldspars from the Atacama Desert, Chile
Published: 2023-10-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The Atacama Desert is generally considered the driest non-polar desert on Earth and is therefore an ideal study area for exploring the water and biota free endmember of Earth’s Critical Zone (ECZ). Single grain (SG) luminescence dating has successfully identified processes in the ECZ. However, SG luminescence dating of Atacama Desert feldspars is challenging and time consuming since only a small [...]
High methane emissions from a eutrophic marine coastal basin driven by bubble release from the sediment
Published: 2023-10-25
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The production of methane in coastal sediments and its release to the water column is intensified by anthropogenic eutrophication and bottom water hypoxia, and it is yet uncertain whether methane emissions to the atmosphere will be enhanced. Here, we assess seasonal variations in methane dynamics in a eutrophic, seasonally euxinic coastal marine basin (Scharendijke, Lake Grevelingen). In-situ [...]