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Preprints

There are 5427 Preprints listed.

Temperature and hydrological variations during the Late-Glacial in the central Mediterranean: application of the novel ostracod-clumped isotope thermometer

Marta Marchegiano, Marion Yolande Peral, Rebecca Doyle, et al.

Published: 2023-08-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

This study shows, for the first time, the absence of a vital effect in the clumped isotope carbonate (Δ47) fossil ostracod signal and confirms the ability of the novel ostracod-Δ47 thermometer to reconstruct past temperatures and hydrological conditions in complex lacustrine systems. Furthermore, the application of Δ47 analyses on the ostracod species Candona angulata and Cyprideis torosa from [...]

Social Vulnerability and Climate Risk Assessment for Agricultural Communities in The United States

Tugkan Tanir, Enes Yildirim, Celso M. Ferreira, et al.

Published: 2023-08-18
Subjects: Agriculture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Geographic Information Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Risk Analysis, Spatial Science

Floods and droughts significantly affect agricultural activities and pose a threat to food security by subsequently reducing agricultural production. The impact of flood events is distributed disproportionately among agricultural communities based on their socio-economic fabric. Understanding climate-related hazards is critical for planning mitigation measures to secure vulnerable communities. [...]

Understanding Drought Awareness from Web Data

Mashrekur Rahman, Samuel Sandoval Solis, Thomas Harter, et al.

Published: 2023-08-17
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Mathematics, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Statistics and Probability

We used computer vision (U-Net) model to leverage Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Google Trends Search Interest (SI), and Twitter data to understand patterns with which people in Continental United States (CONUS) indicate awareness of and interest in droughts. We found significant statistical relationships between the occurrence of meteorological droughts (MD), as [...]

Stay or go? Geographic variation in risks due to climate change for fishing fleets that adapt in-place or adapt on-the-move

Jameal F Samhouri, Blake E. Feist, Michael Jacox, et al.

Published: 2023-08-17
Subjects: Environmental Studies

From fishers to farmers, people across the planet who rely directly upon natural resources for their livelihoods and well-being face extensive impacts from climate change. However, local- and regional-scale impacts and associated risks can vary geographically, and the implications for development of adaptation pathways that will be most effective for specific communities are underexplored. To [...]

Thermo-hydro-mechanical simulation of deep excavations in claystone

Saeed Tourchi, Miguel Angel Manica Malcom, Jean Vaunat, et al.

Published: 2023-08-17
Subjects: Engineering

Generation of evolving plate boundaries and toroidal flow from visco-plastic damage-rheology mantle convection and continents

Thorsten W. Becker, Lukas Fuchs

Published: 2023-08-17
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure

Earth's style of planetary heat transport is characterized by plate tectonics which requires rock strength to be reduced plastically in order to break an otherwise stagnant lithospheric lid, and for rocks to have a memory of past deformation to account for strain localization and the hysteresis implied by geological sutures. Here, we explore $\sim$10$^7$ Rayleigh number, visco-plastic, [...]

Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency

Ke-Qing Xiao, Chao Liang, Zimeng Wang, et al.

Published: 2023-08-16
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Soil Science

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is defined as the proportion of microbial biomass growth C versus substrate C uptake, and thus provides a useful measure of microbially driven accumulation and loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) 1. In a recent study published in Nature 2, the authors use a data-driven machine learning approach to conclude that CUE promotes global SOC storage based on a [...]

imc-precip-iso: Open monthly stable isotope data of precipitation over the Indonesian Maritime Continent

Rusmawan Suwarman, Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho, Halda Aditya Belgaman, et al.

Published: 2023-08-12
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Fresh Water Studies, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management

Stable isotopes, $\delta^2$H, $\delta^{18}$O, and d-excess, are valuable tools as natural tracers of diffusion processes and phase changes in the global hydroclimatological cycle. The Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) is an archipelago area surrounded by very warm waters which induce convective activities as the primary heat source driving global atmospheric circulation. Given the central role [...]

Marine Cloud Brightening: an airborne concept

Christian Claudel, Andrew John Lockley, Fabian Hoffmann, et al.

Published: 2023-08-12
Subjects: Engineering

Marine cloud brightening (MCB) is a proposed solar radiation modification (SRM) geoengineering technique to enhance marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud albedo. Extant proposals consider 10,000-100,000 autonomous ships spraying seawater, generating and dispersing sea salt nanoparticles. Alternatively, this paper proposes industrially manufacturing NaCl nanoparticles using ethanol anti-solvent brine [...]

M-band discrete wavelet transform–based deep learning algorithm for identifying thermokarst lakes in the QinghaiTibetan Plateau

Andrew Li, Jiahe Liu, Olivia Liu, et al.

Published: 2023-08-12
Subjects: Environmental Sciences

Thermokarst lakes serve as key signs of permafrost thaw, and as point sources of CH4 in the present and near future. However, detailed information on the distribution of thermokarst lakes remains sparse across the entire permafrost region on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP). In this research, we developed a new discrete wavelet transform (DWT)–based dual-input deep learning (DL) model using a [...]

Report on Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2B observations of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline methane leak

Matthieu Dogniaux, Joannes D. Maasakkers, Daniel J. Varon, et al.

Published: 2023-08-11
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences

In late September 2022, explosions of the Nord Stream pipelines caused what could be the largest anthropogenic methane leak ever recorded. We report on Landsat 8 (L8) and Sentinel-2B (S-2B) observations of the sea foam patch produced by the Nord Stream 2 (NS2) leak located close to Bornholm Island, acquired on September 29 and 30, respectively. Usually, reflected sunlight over sea is insufficient [...]

Improving Weather Prediction Technologies: Establishing a Relationship between Air Pollution and Weather Phenomena

Raghav Sriram

Published: 2023-08-11
Subjects: Chemistry, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

The primary focus of this research is to establish a link between air quality, weather patterns, and climate dynamics. Employing a correlative methodology, the study aims to investigate the association between air pollution levels and the occurrence frequency of acid rain events. To accomplish this, extensive quantitative meteorological data gathered from weather stations situated in the [...]

Measuring the climate security nexus: the Integrated Climate Security Framework

Grazia Pacillo, Theresa Liebig, Bia Carneiro, et al.

Published: 2023-08-10
Subjects: International and Area Studies

International, regional, and national organizations and policymakers are increasingly acknowledging the implications of climate on peace and security, but robust research approaches that embrace the complexity of this nexus are lacking. In this paper, we present the Integrated Climate Security Framework (ICSF), a mixed-methods framework to understand the mechanisms of climate–conflict linkages at [...]

Can nature-based solutions support economic recovery? A review of reviews on the economic outcomes of NbS

Alexandre Chausson, Alison Smith, Brian O'Callaghan, et al.

Published: 2023-08-10
Subjects: Environmental Sciences

Nature-based solutions (NbS) involve working with nature to address societal challenges, with benefits for both people and biodiversity. However, their potential role in recovery from economic crises, such as those arising from conflicts or pandemics, remains underexplored. We conducted a systematic review of reviews on the economic impact of nature-based interventions. From 46 relevant reviews, [...]

Ecosystem restoration can lead to carbon recovery in semi-arid savanna grasslands in India

Manan Bhan, Chetan Misher, Abhijeet Kulkarni, et al.

Published: 2023-08-10
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Natural Resources and Conservation, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

Semi-arid savanna grasslands (SG) in India deliver enormous benefits to people and nature but are currently undergoing large-scale degradation. Soil carbon stocks in degraded SGs vary in response to a host of anthropogenic driving factors including agricultural expansion and industrial development. Although there is increasing support for restoring grasslands by planting native grass species, its [...]

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