Preprints
There are 5976 Preprints listed.
Chemical potentials in non-hydrostatically stressed anisotropic phases
Published: 2024-04-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper presents expressions for chemical potentials in non-hydrostatically stressed anisotropic phases. Chemical potentials are defined here as the derivative of the Helmholtz energy with respect to the addition of a single chemical component to a material while preserving total volume, temperature and shape of the microscopic domain. An entire class of chemical potentials can be defined [...]
A model of elastic softening and second order phase transitions in anisotropic phases, with application to stishovite and post-stishovite
Published: 2024-04-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper presents a Landau framework for describing instantaneous and time-dependent elastic softening in anisotropic solid solutions. As with previous Landau models, the framework minimizes a thermodynamic potential by varying isochemical parameters (q) that describe changes in structural, ordering or electronic spin state. Unlike previous models, no coupling terms are used; strain is not a [...]
An anisotropic equation of state for solid solutions, with application to plagioclase
Published: 2024-04-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper presents a framework for building anisotropic equations of state for solid solutions. The framework satisfies the connections between elastic and thermodynamic properties required by Maxwell’s reciprocal relations. It builds on a recent anisotropic equation of state for pure phases under small deviatoric stresses, adding a dependence on a vector n, whose components ni contain the [...]
Global patterns of commodity-driven deforestation and associated carbon emissions
Published: 2024-04-18
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Natural Resource Economics, Statistical Models, Sustainability
Rapid agriculture-driven deforestation raises significant concerns about achieving climate and biodiversity targets. Linking deforestation to food production is crucial for guiding the development, implementation, and evaluation of forest conservation and climate change mitigation efforts. However, the limited scope and comprehensiveness of available datasets restrict the effectiveness of these [...]
An agent-based modeling approach to household adaptation for flooding and coastal erosion at Channel-Port aux Basque
Published: 2024-04-18
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Climate change poses a significant threat to coastal communities, particularly those reliant on coastal infrastructure. Rising sea levels and increasingly severe weather events endanger coastlines across Canada, a nation with over 243,000 km of coastline. Indigenous communities, with their long history of coastal resource utilization, are especially vulnerable. This study investigates the social, [...]
Narrow, fast, and "cool" mantle plumes caused by strain-weakening rheology in Earth's lower mantle
Published: 2024-04-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The rheological properties of Earth's lower mantle are key for mantle dynamics and planetary evolution. The main rock-forming minerals in the lower mantle are bridgmanite (Br) and smaller amounts of ferropericlase (Fp). Previous work has suggested that the large differences in viscosity between these minerals greatly affect the bulk rock rheology. The resulting effective rheology becomes highly [...]
The influence of a sub-lithospheric layer width on the partitioning of the induced mantle flow, surface motions and subduction dynamics
Published: 2024-04-17
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Other Earth Sciences, Planetary Geology, Tectonics and Structure
The partitioning of the three-dimensional mantle flow into toroidal and poloidal components is a diagnostic element to characterise tectonics regimes, with both fields being substantially active and representative of the contemporary mode of mantle convection. The toroidal:poloidal ratio (T/P) affects several aspects of mantle circulation, including the sinking of the subducting lithosphere into [...]
Moist convective scaling: Insights from an idealised model
Published: 2024-04-17
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences
The response of clouds and moist-convective processes to heat-loss to space by long-wave radiative cooling is an important feedback in the earth's atmosphere. It is known that moist convection increases roughly in equilibrium with radiative cooling, an assumption often made in simplified models of the tropical atmosphere. In this study, we use an idealised 2D model of the atmosphere introduced by [...]
Geo-WC: Custom Web Components for Earth Science Organizations and Agencies
Published: 2024-04-16
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Engineering, Engineering Education, Hydraulic Engineering
The development of web technologies and their integration into various fields has allowed a new era in data-driven decision-making and public information accessibility, especially through their adoption of monitoring and quantification environmental data resources provided by governmental institutions. While the use of web technologies has given way to the creation of democratized applications, [...]
Systematic Review of the Geothermal Potential in Colombia: Implications as an Alternative Energy Source
Published: 2024-04-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Through literature review and information processing, the current state of geothermal energy in Colombia, its limitations, possible future uses, environmental impact and the current legal framework were described and analyzed. Approximations were made regarding the sustainability of geothermal energy in the country and its implications. Some of the projects, studies, and research that have been [...]
Digitising sandbox experiments using open-source Structure-from-Motion/photogrammetry/Digital Image Correlation package MicMac
Published: 2024-04-15
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Structure-from-Motion and photogrammetry have been implemented in sandbox models to monitor deformation of their surface. Various software packages are available, either open-source of commercial. Some commercial packages are intuitive press-button equipment; these can be very practical to use, but they can be very expensive and unaffordable for most academic laboratories. Another option is [...]
Evolution and architecture of an exhumed ocean-facing coarse-grained submarine canyon fill, Baja California, Mexico
Published: 2024-04-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Present day submarine canyons are active conduits for large volumes of sediment, carbon, and pollutants from continents to oceans. However, the evolution of submarine canyons over geological timescales remains poorly understood due to their erosional nature and low preservation potential. The Late Cretaceous Punta Baja Formation represents a well-preserved submarine canyon-fill on a [...]
Rapid earthquake-tsunami modeling: The multi-event, multi-segment complexity of the 2024 Mw 7.5 Noto Peninsula Earthquake governs tsunami generation
Published: 2024-04-13
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
The January 1st, 2024, moment magnitude (Mw) 7.5 Noto Peninsula earthquake ruptured in complex ways, challenging timely analysis of the tsunami generation. We present rapid and accurate tsunami models informed by a 6-subevent centroid moment tensor (CMT) model that we obtain by inverting teleseismic and strong motion data and validation against geodetic observations. We identify two distinct [...]
Linking the oxygen-17 compositions of water and carbonate reference materials using infrared absorption spectroscopy of carbon dioxide
Published: 2024-04-13
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Joint measurements of the 18O/16O and 17O/16O ratios of carbonate minerals and waters are increasingly used to investigate various geochemical, physical and biological processes. Diverse analytical methods, each of them technically challenging in one way or another, have been developed or refined in recent years to measure oxygen-17 anomalies (Δ17O) with instrumental precisions of 10 ppm or [...]
Can multi-scale thermal infrared imaging help validate and monitor water stress in alluvial forests?
Published: 2024-04-13
Subjects: Geomorphology, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
Alluvial forests are fragile and sensitive to drought induced by climate change and exacerbated by altered flow regimes. Our ability to detect and map their sensitivity to drought is therefore crucial to evaluate the effects of climate change and adjust management practices. In such a context, we explore the potential of multi-scale thermal infrared imagery (TIR) to diagnose the sensitivity of [...]