Preprints
There are 5428 Preprints listed.
High Accuracy Estimation and Validation of InSAR-derived Surface Displacements at Temperate Raised Peatlands
Published: 2023-09-04
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Soil Science
Peatland surface motion derived from satellite-based Interferometry of Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is potentially a proxy for groundwater level variations and greenhouse gas emissions from peat soils. Ground validation of these motions at equivalent temporal resolution and accuracy has proven problematic because of limitations of traditional surveying methods. Since 2019, peat surface motion [...]
The Role of Normal Fault Growth History in Influencing Fault Seal Potential, Samson Dome, Offshore Norway
Published: 2023-09-02
Subjects: Geology
The growth of normal faults can influence subsurface fluid flow and entrapment within rift basins. However, fault seal studies typically view faults as static structures, with their growth and the potential related temporal changes in hydraulic properties being ignored. In this study, we use borehole data and a high-quality 3D full-stack depth migrated seismic reflection volume to analyse the [...]
Reversal of the impact chain for actionable climate information
Published: 2023-09-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Escalating impacts of climate change underscore the risk of crossing thresholds of socio-ecological systems and adaptation limits. However, limitations in the provision of actionable climate information may hinder an adequate response. Here we suggest a reversal of the traditional impact chain methodology as an end-user focused approach to link local climate risks to emission pathways. We outline [...]
Full-waveform inversion as a tool to predict fault zone properties
Published: 2023-09-02
Subjects: Geology
Understanding the physical properties of fault zones is essential for various subsurface applications, including carbon capture and geologic storage, geothermal energy, and seismic hazard assessment. Despite improvements in fault imaging and visualisation, predicting the physical properties of faults and fault zones in the subsurface remains challenging, even with high-quality seismic reflection [...]
Tracking Changes in Magma Transport from Very-Long-Period seismic signals at Piton de la Fournaise volcano
Published: 2023-09-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Changes in magma properties and transport geometry can have a direct impact on volcanic activity. However, such variations can be difficult to track during eruptions. We report previously undetected very-long-period (VLP) signals at Piton de la Fournaise that can be used to probe changes in magma transport. Source analysis of VLP events during the August-October 2015 eruption indicates a source [...]
The uncertain future of mountaintop-removal-mined landscapes 2: Modeling the influence of topography and vegetation
Published: 2023-09-02
Subjects: Geomorphology
Erosion following human disturbance threatens ecosystem health and inhibits effective land use. Mountaintop removal/valley fill (MTR/VF) mined landscapes of the Appalachian Coalfields region, USA, provide a unique opportunity to quantify the geomorphic trajectory of disturbed lands. Here we assess how MTR/VF-induced changes to topography and vegetation influence spatiotemporal erosion patterns in [...]
Increased crevassing across accelerating Greenland Ice Sheet margins
Published: 2023-09-02
Subjects: Glaciology
Surface crevassing on the Greenland Ice Sheet is a large source of uncertainty in processes controlling mass loss, including calving, ice rheology, and water routing. However, no work has comprehensively mapped the location of surface crevasses or examined their evolution through time. Here, we use high-resolution digital elevation models to map the 3-dimensional volume of crevasse fields across [...]
Garnet fracturing reveals ancient unstable slip events hosted in plate interface metasediments
Published: 2023-09-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A paradox exists between the great number of intermediate-depth earthquakes occurring along active subduction interfaces worldwide and the extreme scarcity of paleo-seismic events recorded in exhumed metasedimentary rocks from ancient subduction zones. Recrystallization, shearing as well as exhumation-related overprinting generally contribute to the nearly-complete erasing of markers of unstable [...]
Deformation and frictional failure of granular media in 3D analog and numerical experiments
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Frictional sliding along grain boundaries in brittle shear zones can result in the fragmentation of individual grains, which ultimately can impact slip dynamics. During deformation at small scales, stick-slip motion can occur between grains when existing force chains break due to grain rearrangement or failure, resulting in frictional sliding of granular material. The rearrangement of the grains [...]
The Role of Continental Heterogeneity on the Evolution of Continental Margin Topography at Subduction Zones
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The nature of the overriding plate plays a major role in shaping subduction zone processes. In particular, the highly heterogeneous continental lithosphere modulates intra-plate tectonics and the surface evolution of our planet. However, the role of continental heterogeneity is relatively under-explored for the dynamics of subduction models. We investigate the influence of rheological and density [...]
Machine Learning Photogrammetric Analysis of Images Provides a Scalable Approach to Study Riverbed Grain Size Distributions
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Hydrology
The distribution of sediment grain size in streams and rivers is often quantified by the median grain size (d50), a key metric for understanding and predicting hydrologic and biogeochemical function of streams and rivers. Manual methods to measure d50 are time-consuming and ignore larger grains, while model-based methods to estimate d50 often over-generalize basin characteristics, and therefore [...]
An Ice-Free Arctic Ocean During the Last Interglacial: An unsupported statement
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Last Interglacial has attracted the attention of researchers as it was globally characterized by a climate optimum warmer than that of the preindustrial period. In particular, several attempts at reconstructing the Arctic Ocean sea-ice extent of this interval were made based on marine sedimentary archives, all failed to find clear evidence of sea-ice-free conditions. An article published [...]
Towards an astrochronological framework for the lower Paleoproterozoic Kuruman and Brockman Iron Formations
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Stratigraphy
Recent evidence for astronomical-induced cycles in banded iron formations (BIFs) hints at the intriguing possibility of developing astrochronological, i.e. precise time-stratigraphic, frameworks for the earliest Proterozoic as also reconstructed for parts of the Mesozoic and Paleozoic. The ca 2.47-Ga Kuruman Iron Formation (Griqualand West Basin, South Africa) and Dales Gorge Member of the [...]
SeisMIC - an Open Source Python Toolset to Compute Velocity Changes from Ambient Seismic Noise
Published: 2023-09-01
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We present SeisMIC, a fast, versatile, and adaptable open-source software to estimate seismic velocity changes from ambient seismic noise. SeisMIC includes a broad set of tools and functions to facilitate end-to-end processing of ambient noise data, from data retrieval and raw data analysis via spectrogram computation, over waveform coherence analysis, to post-processing of the final velocity [...]
Understanding Europe’s forest harvesting regimes
Published: 2023-08-31
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Forest Management, Forest Sciences, Life Sciences, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Nature and Society Relations
The functioning and structure of most European forests are actively shaped by intensive human use. Harvesting of wood is one of the key processes of forest management, making it a crucial element to include in any large-scale analysis of forest ecosystems. Yet, our understanding of how forests are harvested across Europe is limited, as the true harvest regimes – a realisation of decisions made by [...]