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Preprints

There are 5427 Preprints listed.

Continental scale hydrostratigraphy: basin-scale testing of alternative data-driven approaches

Danielle Tijerina-Kreuzer, Jackson Swilley, Hoang Tran, et al.

Published: 2023-09-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences

Integrated hydrological modeling is an effective method for understanding interactions between parts of the hydrologic cycle, quantifying water resources, and furthering knowledge of hydrologic processes. However, these models are dependent on robust and accurate datasets that physically represent spatial characteristics as model inputs. This study evaluates multiple data-driven approaches for [...]

FloodGame: An Interactive 3D Serious Game on Flood Mitigation for Disaster Awareness and Education

Bekir Zahit Demiray, Yusuf Sermet, Enes Yildirim, et al.

Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Risk Analysis, Science and Mathematics Education

The number and devastating impacts of natural disasters have grown significantly worldwide, and floods are one of the most dangerous and frequent natural disasters. Recent studies emphasize the importance of public awareness in disaster preparedness and response activities. FloodGame is designed as a web-based interactive serious game geared towards educating K-12 and college students and raising [...]

Estimating three-dimensional displacements with InSAR: the strapdown approach

Wietske S Brouwer, Ramon Hanssen

Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Deformation phenomena on Earth are inherently three dimensional. With SAR interferometry (InSAR), in many practical situations themaximum number of observations is two (ascending and descending), resulting in an infinite number of possible displacement estimates. Here we propose a practical solution to this underdeterminancy problem in the form of the strapdown approach.With the strapdown [...]

Soil moisture effects on InSAR - a correction approach and example from a hyper-arid region

Rowena Lohman, Paula Burgi

Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

We present Interferometric Synthetic Aperture data spanning a series of precipitation events that impacted the southern edge of the Arabian Peninsula in 2017-2018. The arid climate, sparse vegetation and low topographic relief result in very high interferometric coherence magnitude between most pairs of dates, even for those separated by multiple years. For pairs of dates with differing soil [...]

Machine Learning in Petrology: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Maurizio Petrelli

Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The present manuscript reports on the state-of-the-art and future perspectives of Machine Learning (ML) in petrology. To achieve this goal, it first introduces the basics of ML, including definitions, core concepts, and applications. Then, it starts reviewing the state-of-the-art of ML in petrology. Established applications mainly concern the so-called data-driven discovery and involve specific [...]

A Cascadia Slab Model from Receiver Functions

Wasja Bloch, Michael G. Bostock, Pascal Audet

Published: 2023-09-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology

We map the characteristic signature of the subducting Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates along the entire Cascadia forearc from northern Vancouver Island, Canada to Cape Mendocino in northern California, USA, using teleseismic receiver functions. The subducting oceanic crustal complex, possibly including subcreted material, is parameterized by three horizons capable of generating mode-converted waves: [...]

Development of a Deep Neural Network (DNN) Model for Feature Selection from Satellite Images

Soma Mitra, Debkumar Chowdhury, Mauparna Nandan, et al.

Published: 2023-09-07
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences

Advances in space-based observation, using remotely sensed data, has proved to be an important tool to monitor the globe, including the areas inaccessible to humans. The Sundarban deltaic region, witnessing the confluence of vast expanses of tropical mangrove forests, tidal rivers, and estuaries, is one such area. Considered as one of the richest biodiversity hotspot zones on earth, home to a [...]

Mesozoic drift of the Wrangellia superterrane revisited: the way forward from paleomagnetic data

Goran Andjić, Bram Vaes, Suzanna H.A. van de Lagemaat, et al.

Published: 2023-09-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The allochthonous origin of the Wrangellia superterrane relative to North America has been established in the early days of plate tectonics using paleomagnetic and geological data. However, long-standing disagreement between paleomagnetic and structural studies on magnitude of northward translation of the Wrangellia superterrane during the Latest Cretaceous–earliest Cenozoic has cast doubt on the [...]

The Nexus between Access to Agricultural Extension Services and Adoption of Sustainable Soil Conservation Practices in Limu Districts, Oromia, Ethiopia

Gemechu Mulatu Kerorsa

Published: 2023-09-07
Subjects: Agriculture

Provision of agricultural extension service is the primary mechanism that increases smallholder farmer’s adoption of sustainable soil conservation practices. This study was, therefore, attempted to examine the nexus between access to agricultural extension services and the adoption of sustainable soil conservation practices in western oromia in the case Limu districts. Data was collected from [...]

The Eurasian Arctic Ocean along the MOSAiC drift in 2019-2020: An interdisciplinary perspective on physical properties and processes

Kirstin Schulz, Zoe Koenig, Morven Muilwijk, et al.

Published: 2023-09-07
Subjects: Oceanography

The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC, 2019--2020), a year-long drift with the Arctic sea ice, has provided the scientific community with an unprecedented, multidisciplinary dataset from the Eurasian Arctic Ocean, covering high atmosphere to deep ocean across all seasons. However, the heterogeneity of data and the superposition of spatial and temporal [...]

Recent methane surges reveal heightened emissions from tropical inundated areas

Xin Lin, Shushi Peng, Philippe Ciais, et al.

Published: 2023-09-05
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences

Reevaluating the oxidation effect of garnet crystallization

Ming Tang, Jiazhen Wang, Cin-Ty A. Lee

Published: 2023-09-05
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Garnet has been proposed to be an important fractionating phase during magmatic differentiation in thick volcanic arcs because garnet fractionation can reproduce the hallmarks of continental crust by driving residual magmas to higher silica, lower total iron, and higher iron oxidation states. Recently authors have measured the partition coefficients for Fe2+ and Fe3+ between garnet and melt and [...]

Using convex optimization to efficiently apportion tracer and pollutant sources from point concentration observations

Richard Barnes, Alex George Lipp

Published: 2023-09-05
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Mathematics

Rivers transport elements, minerals, chemicals, and pollutants produced in their upstream basins. A sample from a river is a mixture of all of its upstream sources, making it challenging to pinpoint the contribution from each individual source. Here, we show how a nested sample design and convex optimization can be used to efficiently unmix downstream samples of a well-mixed, conservative tracer [...]

Evidence of subduction, collision, and extension in northern Borneo: Constraints from receiver function

Amy Gilligan, David Cornwell, Nicholas Rawlinson, et al.

Published: 2023-09-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology

Northern Borneo (Sabah) has a complex geological history, experiencing multiple episodes of subduction, magmatism, uplift, subsidence, and extension since the Mesozoic. This includes the subduction of the proto-South China Sea beneath Sabah, terminating ~21 Ma; a postulated later phase of subduction of the Celebes Sea plate, terminating ~9 Ma; extension in central Sabah ~9-10Ma; rapid emplacement [...]

High Accuracy Estimation and Validation of InSAR-derived Surface Displacements at Temperate Raised Peatlands

Alexis Hrysiewicz, Jennifer Williamson, Chris D. Evans, et al.

Published: 2023-09-04
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Soil Science

Peatland surface motion derived from satellite-based Interferometry of Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is potentially a proxy for groundwater level variations and greenhouse gas emissions from peat soils. Ground validation of these motions at equivalent temporal resolution and accuracy has proven problematic because of limitations of traditional surveying methods. Since 2019, peat surface motion [...]

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