Preprints
There are 6240 Preprints listed.
Atlantic will tear us apart: sand provenance correlation of Early Cretaceous aeolian strata from the conjugate margins of Africa and South America
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Twyfelfountein Formation in Namibia and the Botucatu Formation in East South America represent a single dune-field separated through rifting of Gondwana during the Cretaceous. The Early Cretaceous Botucatu desert was the last depositional system operating in the Gondwanan heartland prior to continental drift initiated by the Paraná-Etendeka large igneous province. The dry-aeolian dunes, [...]
Contributions to the discussion of novel detection of dark oxygen production at the abyssal seafloor
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences
There is an overwhelming consensus between researchers based on a vast body of peer-reviewed literature that deep sea ecosystems constitute an oxygen sink. Specific studies on abyssal seafloor regions that contain polymetallic nodules have also confirmed this result. In contrast to this well-founded and longstanding paradigm, Sweetman et al. claim to provide evidence to support a hypothesis that [...]
Xdas: a Python Framework for Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Xdas is a Python library designed to manipulate Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) data. It provides a unified abstraction for reading any DAS file format into a standardized Python object, streamlining data handling across different acquisition systems. To address the challenge of massive, multi-file datasets, Xdas aggregates data chunks into virtually contiguous arrays organized by instrument [...]
Analysis of Earthquake Detection Using Deep Learning: Evaluating Reliability and Uncertainty in Prediction Methods
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study evaluates the performance and reliability of earthquake detection using the EQTransformer, a novel deep learning program that is widely used in seismological observatories and research for enhancing earthquake catalogs. We test the EQTransformer capabilities and uncertainties using seismic data from the Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Costa Rica and compare two [...]
Guidelines for Sensitivity Analyses in Process Simulations for Solid Earth Geosciences
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Earth Sciences, Education, Partial Differential Equations, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Science and Mathematics Education, Tectonics and Structure
Numerical simulations are widely used as tools to understand processes or to make predictions about states and their evolution in time. However, in the process of a simulation setup, a multitude of choices and simplifications have to be made - beginning from the definition of the implemented physical laws, over model discretization and spatial parameterisation, to the definition of initial and [...]
The fate of nitrogen in deep magma oceans
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Nitrogen is important in planetary evolution because it is essential to life and the most abundant element in Earth’s atmosphere. Here, we investigate how core formation affects the distribution of N within accreting terrestrial planets. We conducted laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments (LH-DAC) over a wide range of high pressure–temperature-compositional (PTX) conditions (38–103 GPa, [...]
The Role of Islands in Sea Ice Transport Through Nares Strait
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Nares Strait is an important export pathway of sea ice, where its transport is highly intermittent due to the formation and collapse of sea ice arches. The islands in the strait, especially Hans Island, contribute to heightened collision forces between distinct ice floes and the land. However, since even state-of-the-art climate models remain relatively coarse and use continuous sea ice rheology, [...]
A new expression for fluid factor using AVO intercept and gradient: theory and application on deep marine reservoir
Published: 2024-09-19
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Numerous AVO fluid indicators have been introduced and proven to be sensitive to hydrocarbon presence. Mathematically, fluid indicators measure the deviation of seismic responses of hydrocarbon-saturated reservoirs from their background in a specific domain. We introduce a new expression for the fluid factor commonly used in AVO analysis and interpretation. The expression is a function of common [...]
The impacts of climate hazards on sanitation experiences of people with disabilities in Bangladesh: A mixed-methods study
Published: 2024-09-18
Subjects: Public Health
Human-induced climate change, marked by frequent and severe climate hazards, damages water and sanitation facilities, limiting safe and independent access for people with disabilities. In Bangladesh, where 8% of the population has a disability, the challenges are heightened by climate hazards, including cyclones and floods. Evidence on how these hazards affect the sanitation experiences of [...]
The environmental impact of a malaria clinical trial in Mali: Life cycle assessment reveals high emissions due to international travel and local electricity use and identifies opportunities for sustainable improvement
Published: 2024-09-14
Subjects: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health
Climate change may be the single largest threat facing humanity and ecosystems, necessitating decarbonization across all sectors, including healthcare and academia. With the aim of informing and supporting sustainable research practices, we performed a life cycle assessment of a clinical trial conducted in Mali. The trial involved 80 malaria-infected participants in Ouélessébougou who were [...]
FirnLearn: A Neural Network based approach to Firn Densification Modeling for Antarctica
Published: 2024-09-13
Subjects: Engineering
Understanding firn densification is essential for interpreting ice core records, predicting ice sheet mass balance, elevation changes, and future sea-level rise. Current models of firn densification on the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) are semi-empirical, complex, and rely on sparse climatic data and surface density observations. In this work, we introduce a deep learning technique to study firn [...]
Private protected areas exhibit greater bias towards unproductive land compared to public protected areas
Published: 2024-09-13
Subjects: Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Studies, Geography, Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Globally, private protected areas (PPAs) have become an important tool for biodiversity conservation. While they are expanding in size and number, there is limited evidence on their potential impact on avoiding biodiversity loss, and how this impact compares to the public protected areas (PAs). The impact of protection is measured as the actual biodiversity outcome within the area protected [...]
Heatwaves and Hostilities - Can rising temperatures lead to lasting peace?
Published: 2024-09-13
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering, Earth Sciences, Environmental Public Health, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, International and Area Studies, Nature and Society Relations, Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Other Earth Sciences, Public Health, Social and Behavioral Sciences
In this paper, we are going to explore the complex relationship between climate change and global peace. Climate change and wars have a reciprocal relationship. As the war fuels climate change, the latter can catalyze the war too. Through the analysis of the ongoing conflicts across the world, recent technological advancements, and the globalized nature of the world, we will review different [...]
Mapping current and future European potential vegetation to support restoration planning
Published: 2024-09-13
Subjects: Biodiversity, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation
The extent and intactness of natural ecosystems is a key factor enabling species populations to thrive. However, the distribution of ecosystems is changing owing to both climatic and anthropogenic factors. Recently negotiated European policy directives, such as the Nature Restoration Law, argue for the restoration of natural ecosystems. Yet to determine what is to be restored the range of [...]
ML-CASCADE: A Machine Learning and Cloud Computing-based Tool for Rapid and Automated Mapping of Landslides using Earth Observation Data
Published: 2024-09-13
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
Landslides pose a significant threat to humans as well as the environment. Rapid and precise mapping of landslide extent is necessary for understanding their spatial distribution, assessing susceptibility, and developing early warning systems. Traditional landslide mapping methods rely on labor-intensive field studies and manual mapping using high-resolution imagery, which are both costly and [...]