Preprints
There are 5647 Preprints listed.
New Insights into the Structural and Stratigraphic Evolution of the Malay Basin Using 3D Seismic Data: Implications for Regional Carbon Capture and Storage Potential
Published: 2024-01-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Malay Basin is a mature hydrocarbon province that is being re-assessed for CO2 storage. Selecting appropriate storage sites requires a comprehensive understanding of the structural and stratigraphic history of the basin, but previous studies of the basin have been limited to observations from either regional, 2D seismic lines or individual 3D seismic volumes. Here, we access and utilize a [...]
Dynamic evolution of competing same-dip double subduction: New perspectives of the Neo-Tethyan plate tectonics
Published: 2024-01-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
Same-dip double-subduction (SDDS) systems are widely reported from present as well as past complex convergent plate tectonic configurations. However, the dynamics of their evolution is poorly understood, which is crucial to conceptualize anomalous subducting slab kinematics and associated observed geological phenomena, such as irregular trench migration rates, high convergence velocities, and [...]
Deep Learning Improves Global Satellite Observations of Ocean Eddy Dynamics
Published: 2024-01-15
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Fluid Dynamics, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Ocean eddies affect large-scale circulation and induce a kinetic energy cascade through their non-linear interactions. However, since global observations of eddy dynamics come from satellite altimetry maps that smooth eddies and distort their geometry, the strength of this cascade is underestimated. Here, we use deep learning to improve observational estimates of global surface geostrophic [...]
Magmatic Controls on Volcanic Sulfur Emissions at the Iceland Hotspot
Published: 2024-01-14
Subjects: Geochemistry, Geology, Volcanology
Outgassing of S (as SO2) is one of the principal hazards posed by volcanic eruptions. However, S emission potentials of most volcanoes globally are poorly constrained due to a short observational record and an incomplete understanding of the magmatic processes that influence pre-eruptive S concentrations. Here, we use a compilation of published and new data from melt inclusions—which [...]
Subtemperate regelation exhibits power-law premelting
Published: 2024-01-13
Subjects: Fluid Dynamics, Glaciology, Other Physics
Wire regelation is a common tabletop demonstration of the pressure-dependence of the ice melting temperature where loaded wires move from top to bottom through a block of ice, yet leaves the block intact. With the background temperature fixed at the bulk melting point $\sim0\,^{\circ}$C, the elevated ice and liquid pressures beneath the wire cause melting because of the negative Clapeyron slope, [...]
A Novel Methodology for Enhancing Flood Risk Communication: The Nines of Safety
Published: 2024-01-12
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Studies, Risk Analysis
Flood risk communication helps people plan for and recover from disasters, especially in flood-prone areas. The Nines of Safety (NoS) concept described in this study provides a new perspective for flood risk communication and assessment. The NoS method can help analyze flood risk comprehensively and support decision-makers and the public understand their vulnerability under various conditions. [...]
Wealth over Woe: global biases in hydro-hazard research
Published: 2024-01-12
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Hydrology, Nature and Society Relations, Sustainability
Floods, droughts, and rainfall-induced landslides are hydro-hazards that affect millions of people every year. Anticipation, mitigation, and adaptation to these hazards is increasingly outpaced by their changing magnitude and frequency due to climate change. A key question for society is whether the research we pursue has the potential to address knowledge gaps and to reduce potential future [...]
The Stability of Frictional Sliding on Dip-Slip and Finite-Length Faults
Published: 2024-01-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Along-strike seismotectonic segmentation reflecting megathrust seismogenic behavior
Published: 2024-01-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Understanding the along-strike seismogenic behavior of the megathrusts is crucial to anticipate seismic hazards in the subduction zones. However, if and how the spatiotemporal frictional heterogeneity (high and low kinematic coupling) at depth feeds back into the upper-plate deformation pattern and how the upper-plate elastic signals and permanent records may correlate has yet to be fully [...]
The Response of Surface Temperature Persistence to Arctic Sea-Ice Loss
Published: 2024-01-12
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We investigate the response of surface temperature persistence, quantified using a lagged autocorrelation, to imposed Arctic sea-ice loss in coupled model experiments. Sea-ice loss causes increases in persistence over ocean in midlatitudes and the low-Arctic, which are of a similar magnitude to the total response to climate change in these regions. Using an idealised model, we show that sea-ice [...]
Metrological approach for permafrost temperature measurements
Published: 2024-01-12
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Monitoring, Glaciology
Permafrost degradation is a growing direct impact of climate change. Detecting permafrost reductions, in terms of its extension, deepening of the active layer and rise of the base is fundamental to capture the magnitude of trends and address actions and warnings. Temperature profiles in permafrost allow direct understanding of the status of the frozen ground layer and its evolution in time. The [...]
The Northern Chile forearc constrained by 15 years of permanent seismic monitoring
Published: 2024-01-12
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In this review article, we compile seismological observations from the different constituent parts of the Northern Chile forearc: the downgoing Nazca Plate, the plate interface, the upper South American Plate as well as the mantle wedge beneath it. As Northern Chile has been monitored by a network of permanent seismic stations since late 2006, there is a wealth of observations that enables us to [...]
An Assessment of Annual Load Estimation Methods in Small Watersheds for Cross Site Comparisons
Published: 2024-01-11
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Streams and rivers export dissolved materials and eroded sediments from the watersheds they drain. Much can be learned about rivers and their watersheds by measuring the magnitude, timing and form of these exports. Such watershed load datasets are used to gain fundamental understanding of watershed ecosystems as well as to assess water quality and the efficacy of management approaches to sustain [...]
Stress-strain hysteresis during hydrostatic loading of porous rocks
Published: 2024-01-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering
A micro-mechanical model is proposed to predict the stress-strain hysteresis during the cyclic hydrostatic loading of fluid-saturated rocks under drained or undrained conditions. A spherical pore is surrounded by a cracked shell where local deviatoric stress develops despite the remote hydrostatic loading. The effective properties of the material composing the shell are constructed with the crack [...]
Polar feedbacks in clearsky radiative-advective equilibrium from an air-mass transformation perspective
Published: 2024-01-11
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We develop a novel single-column model of clear-sky radiative-advective equilibrium where advective heating is internally determined by relaxing the column temperature and humidity toward fixed midlatitude profiles, consistent with an air-mass transformation perspective. The model reproduces observed polar temperature and advective heating rate profiles, and also captures many of the [...]