Preprints
There are 5428 Preprints listed.
Coral geochemical response to uplift in the aftermath of the 2005 Nias-Simeulue earthquake
Published: 2023-10-07
Subjects: Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Geochemistry, Geomorphology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Tectonics and Structure
On 28 March 2005, the Indonesian islands of Nias and Simeulue experienced a powerful Mw 8.6 earthquake and widespread co-seismic uplift and subsidence. In areas of coastal uplift (up to ~2.8 m), fringing reef coral communities were killed by exposure, while deeper corals that survived were subjected to habitats with altered runoff, sediment and nutrient regimes. Here we present time-series [...]
The ‘hidden story’ in simulating reflected radiance by wind-roughened sea surface: Mobley’s 1999 paper on simulation of Rrs measurements via the above-surface approach
Published: 2023-10-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Remote sensing reflectance (Rrs, in sr-1) is defined as the ratio of water-leaving radiance (Lw) to downwelling irradiance just above the water surface (Es). To measure Rrs, the above-water approach (AWA) is a widely adopted scheme in the past decades. In addition to the measurement of Es, AWA also involves measurements of upwelling radiance above the surface (Lt) and downwelling sky radiance [...]
Integration of Well Log, 3D Static Modeling, and Seismic Data in Characterization of KUKO Field Offshore Niger Delta, Nigeria.
Published: 2023-10-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The KUKO offshore field in Niger Delta exhibits complex structural deformation and faulting, impacting the exploration and development of reservoirs due to uncertain properties. This study employs an integrated approach combining 3D seismic, well logs, and reservoir modeling to characterize the field. The study is centered on establishing a template for future research, evaluating petrophysical [...]
Digitization of Weather Records of Seungjeongwon Ilgi: A Historical Weather Dynamics Dataset of the Korean Peninsula in 1623-1910
Published: 2023-10-06
Subjects: Climate, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Historical weather records from Europe indicate that the Earth experienced substantial climate variability, which caused, for instance, the Little Ice Age and the global crisis in the period between the 14th and 19th centuries. However, it is still unclear how global this climate variability was because of the scarce meteorological data availability in other regions including East Asia, [...]
The importance of anisotropic viscosity in numerical models for olivine textures in shear and subduction deformations
Published: 2023-10-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Olivine lattice preferred orientation (LPO), or texture, forms in relation to deformation mechanisms such as dislocation creep and can be observed in the upper mantle as seismic anisotropy. Olivine is also mechanically anisotropic, meaning that it responds to stresses differently depending on the direction of the stress. Understanding the interplay between anisotropic viscosity (AV) and LPO, and [...]
Constrictional flow and strain partitioning during oblique deformation: insights from the Variscan Tanneron massif, SE France
Published: 2023-10-05
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Monitoring surface deformation with spaceborne radar interferometry in landslide complexes: insights from the Brienz/Brinzauls slope instability, Swiss Alps
Published: 2023-10-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences
We performed an extensive analysis of C-Band SAR datasets provided by the European Space Agency (ESA) satellites ERS-1/2, Envisat ASAR, and Sentinel-1 in the period 1992-2020 aiming at reconstructing the multi-decadal spatial and temporal evolution of the surface displacements at the Brienz/Brinzauls landslide complex, located in canton Graubünden (Switzerland). To this end, we analyzed about [...]
A shift in the Sr isotopic composition of the magmatic source triggering 2019 paroxysmal eruptions at Stromboli Volcano
Published: 2023-10-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology
The persistent volcanic activity of Stromboli Volcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy, is interrupted by paroxysmal eruptions on a decadal interval. In 2019, two strong paroxysms on July 3rd and August 28th, ended a more than a decade long period of regular strombolian activity. During normal strombolian activity the volcano erupts highly porphyritic scoria and lava (HP)20 with a shoshonitic basalt [...]
Two-dimensional ideal magnetohydrodynamic waves on a rotating sphere under a non-Malkus field: I. Continuous spectrum and its ray-theoretical interpretation
Published: 2023-10-05
Subjects: Fluid Dynamics
Two-dimensional ideal incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) linear waves at the surface of a rotating sphere are studied as a model to imitate the outermost layer of the Earth's core or the solar tachocline. This thin conducting layer is permeated by a toroidal magnetic field the magnitude of which depends only on the latitude. The Malkus background field, which is proportional to the sine of [...]
Novel observations of East Asian Summer Monsoon evolution during Glacial Termination II from Lake Suigetsu, Japan
Published: 2023-10-04
Subjects: Climate, Geochemistry
Glacial terminations offer a unique opportunity to examine how the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) responds to rapid increases in global temperature and accompanying abrupt climatic reorganisation. Reconstructions from contrasting glacial terminations with differently evolving boundary conditions are of particular value to our understanding of deglacial EASM behaviours, e.g., Termination I (from [...]
Insights into deglacial East Asian Monsoon seasonality and inter-regional teleconnections from Lake Suigetsu, Japan
Published: 2023-10-04
Subjects: Climate, Geochemistry
The past evolution of the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) was affected by remote climate processes. However, there is uncertainty surrounding these teleconnections and their impact on each seasonal EAM mode during periods of rapid global change. Here we use the unique biannual precipitation patterns of central Japan to reconstruct winter and summer EAM evolution during the last glacial termination [...]
CASH Paradox, ReWASH, Bronze-2-Gold and JEDI AWAKENS: introduction of new concepts to enhance the sustainability of the water-energy nexus
Published: 2023-10-04
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Amidst the escalating impacts of climate change and extreme weather events, participatory decision-making in water management stands out as a sustainable approach for disaster risk reduction. Hydrological disasters, such as floods and droughts, are increasing globally due to anthropogenic activities, necessitating adaptation in water infrastructure. The OECD projects severe water stress for 2.3 [...]
Spaceborne assessment of the Soviet Union's role in the 1990s methane slowdown
Published: 2023-10-04
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Methane is the second most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, amounting to 60% of the radiative forcing from CO2 since pre-industrial times based on emitted compound. Global atmospheric methane concentrations rose by 10-15 ppb/yr in the 1980s before abruptly slowing to 2-8 ppb/yr in the early 1990s. This period in the 1990s is known as the ``methane slowdown'' and has been attributed to the [...]
Complementary classifications of aeolian dunes based on morphology, dynamics, and fluid mechanics
Published: 2023-10-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Fluid Dynamics, Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics, Planetary Geomorphology, Planetary Sciences, Sedimentology
Dunes form where winds blow over a bed of mobile sediment grains – conditions that are common in our solar system. On Earth, dunes abound in arid continental interiors and along sandy coastlines. Dune fields have also been recognized on Venus, Mars, Saturn's moon Titan, and Pluto. In response to the different boundary conditions and other environmental forcings, dunes adopt a rich diversity [...]
Temporal and Spatial Satellite Data Augmentation for Deep Learning-Based Rainfall Nowcasting
Published: 2023-10-03
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Climate change has been associated with alterations in precipitation patterns and increased vulnerability to floods and droughts. The need for improvements in forecasting and monitoring approaches has become imperative due to flash floods and severe flooding. Rainfall prediction is a challenging but critical issue owing to the complexity of atmospheric processes, the spatial and temporal [...]