Preprints
There are 5493 Preprints listed.
Developing seagrass index for long term monitoring of Zostera japonica seagrass bed: a case study in Yellow River Delta, China
Published: 2022-06-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing
Seagrass beds offer unique and vital ecological services as an important blue carbon ecosystem in coastal wetlands. Zostera japonica is an intertidal seagrass species native to eastern Asia and is one of the most widely distributed seagrass species in China. However, little is known on the long-term variations of Z. japonica extents. Automatic mapping method for Z. japonica seagrass beds is in [...]
Towards Robust River Plastic Detection: Combining Lab and Field-based Hyperspectral Imagery
Published: 2022-06-29
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Statistical Models
Plastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems has increased dramatically in the last five decades, with strong impacts on human and aquatic life. Recent studies endorse the need for innovative approaches to monitor the presence, abundance, and types of plastic in these ecosystems. One approach gaining rapid traction is the use of multi- and hyperspectral cameras. However, most experiments using this [...]
Mid- and long-chain leaf wax δ2H values in modern plants and lake sediments from mid-latitude North America
Published: 2022-06-28
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Compound-specific δ2H values of leaf wax n-alkanes are increasingly being used to infer past hydroclimates. However, differences in n-alkane production and apparent fractionation factors (εapp) among different plant groups complicate the relationships between n-alkane δ2H values and those of environmental water. Mid- and long-chain n-alkanes in sedimentary archives (i.e., n-C23 and n-C29) are [...]
The Eighth Wonder of the World in New Zealand─ the third, Black Terrace
Published: 2022-06-28
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Other Planetary Sciences, Stratigraphy, Volcanology
The greatest tourism and geoscience attraction in the southern hemisphere, in the nineteenth century were the siliceous Pink and White Terraces, the lost Eighth Wonder of the World in New Zealand. In 1886, the Mount Tarawera eruption buried the terraces. In the absence of any government survey or evidence of their locations or destruction; debate over their survival continued until the 1940s. [...]
Distinct roles of cyclones and anticyclones in setting the midwinter minimum of the North Pacific eddy activity: a Lagrangian perspective
Published: 2022-06-27
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The North Pacific storm-track activity is suppressed substantially under the excessively strong westerlies to form a distinct minimum in midwinter, which seems inconsistent with linear baroclinic instability theory. This “midwinter minimum” of the storm-track activity has been intensively investigated for decades as a test case for storm-track dynamics. However, the mechanisms controlling it are [...]
Advecting Superspecies: Efficiently Modeling Transport of Organic Aerosol with a Mass-Conserving Dimensionality Reduction Method
Published: 2022-06-26
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The chemical transport model LOTOS-EUROS uses a volatility basis set (VBS) approach to represent the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the atmosphere. Inclusion of the VBS approximately doubles the dimensionality of LOTOS-EUROS and slows computation of the advection operator by a factor of two. This complexity limits SOA representation in operational forecasts. We develop a [...]
Mapping landslides through a temporal lens: An insight towards multi-temporal landslide mapping using the U-Net deep learning model
Published: 2022-06-25
Subjects: Engineering
Repeated temporal mapping of landslides is essential for investigating changes in landslide movements, legacy effects of the landslide triggering events, and susceptibility changes in the area. However, in order to perform such investigations, multi-temporal (MT) inventories of landslides are required. The traditional approach of visual interpretation from cloud-free optical remote sensing [...]
Heterogenous controls on lake color and trends across the high-elevation U.S. Rocky Mountain region
Published: 2022-06-25
Subjects: Fresh Water Studies
Global change may contribute to ecological changes in high-elevation lakes and reservoirs, but a lack of data makes it difficult to evaluate spatiotemporal patterns. Remote sensing imagery can provide more complete records to evaluate whether consistent changes across a broad geographic region are occurring. We used Landsat surface reflectance data to evaluate spatial patterns of contemporary [...]
Controls on grain size distribution in an ancient sand sea
Published: 2022-06-25
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
Grain size distribution in deserts is driven by a combination of autogenic controls such as grain abrasion and sorting due to wind transport and allogenic controls such as provenance and spatial changes in wind-direction. Downwind grain-size trends in present day sand seas display contrasting results. For example, the Namib and Hexi Corridor sand seas show broad downwind fining and sorting [...]
A Comprehensive Review of Ontologies in the Hydrology Towards Guiding Next Generation Artificial Intelligence Applications
Published: 2022-06-25
Subjects: Engineering
Open science presents a new approach for knowledge discovery, dissemination, and integrity. The idea behind open science is to reinforce research activities and create open knowledge networks by exploring, organizing, and sharing scientific data, as well as making research results transparent, open and integrated. Big data derived from remote sensing, ground-based measurements, models and [...]
Groundwater resource allocation in British Columbia: challenges and ways forward
Published: 2022-06-24
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Hydrology, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
Groundwater allocation in British Columbia is facing a number of important challenges as groundwater is licensed under the Water Sustainability Act and potentially included in modern treaties. These challenges include acknowledging the importance of groundwater in supporting environmental flow needs and human water use, the uncertainty and irrelevance of annual recharge estimates, and the [...]
Evolution of diversity in the editorial boards of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta and Chemical Geology
Published: 2022-06-24
Subjects: Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Background: Editorial board members of academic journals are often considered gatekeepers of knowledge and role models for the community. Editorial boards should have sufficiently diverse backgrounds to facilitate the publication of manuscripts with a wide range of research paradigms, methods, and cultural perspectives. Objectives: This study critically evaluates changes in the representation of [...]
Using sediment geochemical records to infer past lake water total phosphorus concentrations at a site with high internal P loading, Lake Søbygaard, Denmark
Published: 2022-06-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In lakes where phosphorus (P) supply is dominated by external loads, long-term mean lake water TP concentrations can be successfully reconstructed from sediment P profiles and dating using the SI-TP (Sediment Inferred lake water Total Phosphorus) mass balance model. However, it has not yet been shown that the model is applicable at lakes with high internal P loading, where sediment diagenesis [...]
Harnessing Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Earthquake Early Warning: Magnitude Estimation and Ground Motion Prediction
Published: 2022-06-22
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems provide seconds to tens of seconds of warning time before potentially-damaging ground motions are felt. For optimal warning times, seismic sensors should be installed as close as possible to expected earthquake sources. However, while the most hazardous earthquakes on Earth occur underwater, most seismological stations are located on-land; precious seconds [...]
Discoverability of open data is critical to Earth system science
Published: 2022-06-22
Subjects: Education, Life Sciences
There is consensus throughout the Earth system science research community that “open data” is of critical importance. However, discoverability and accessibility are often overlooked, raising the question of how useful archived, but not easily discoverable data are. As part of evaluating databases suitable for our own research data archival, we conducted a data discovery exercise (aggregators and [...]