Preprints
There are 5725 Preprints listed.
A re-examination of the mechanism of whiting events: A new role for diatoms in Fayetteville Green Lake (New York, USA)
Published: 2021-05-08
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Geochemistry, Life Sciences, Sedimentology
Whiting events – the episodic precipitation of fine-grained suspended calcium cabonates in the water column – have been documented across a variety of marine and lacustrine environments. Whitings likely are a major source of carbonate muds, a constituent of limestones, and important archives for geochemical proxies of Earth history. While several biological and physical mechanisms have been [...]
What you net depends on if you grab: A meta-analysis of sampling method's impact on measured aquatic microplastic concentration
Published: 2021-05-08
Subjects: Design of Experiments and Sample Surveys, Environmental Monitoring, Fresh Water Studies, Hydrology, Other Environmental Sciences
Microplastic pollution is measured with a variety of sampling methods. Field experiments indicate that commonly used sampling methods, including net, pump and grab samples, do not always result in equivalent measured concentration. We investigate the comparability of these methods through a meta-analysis of over one hundred surface water microplastic studies. We find systematic relationships [...]
Advancing river corridor science beyond disciplinary boundaries with an inductive approach to catalyse hypothesis generation
Published: 2021-05-08
Subjects: Hydrology
A unified conceptual framework for river corridors requires synthesis of diverse site-, method- and discipline-specific findings. The river research community has developed a substantial body of observations and process-specific interpretations, but we are still lacking a comprehensive model to distill this knowledge into fundamental transferable concepts. We confront the challenge of how a [...]
Thermo-Chemical Dynamics in Earth's Core Arising from Interactions with the Mantle
Published: 2021-05-08
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Thermo-chemical interactions at the core-mantle boundary (CMB) play an integral role in determining the dynamics and evolution Earth's deep interior. This review considers the processes in the core that arise from heat and mass transfer at the CMB, with particular focus on thermo-chemical stratification and the precipitation of oxides. A fundamental parameter is the thermal conductivity of the [...]
The influence of crustal strength on rift geometry and development – Insights from 3D numerical modelling
Published: 2021-05-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The lateral distribution of strength within the crust is non-uniform, dictated by crustal lithology and the presence and distribution of heterogeneities within it. During continental extension, areas of crust with distinct lithological and rheological properties manifest strain differently, influencing the structural style, geometry and evolution of the developing rift system. Here, we use 3D [...]
On the Land Emissivity Assumption and Landsat-Derived Surface Urban Heat Islands: A Global Analysis
Published: 2021-05-07
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The prescription of surface emissivity (ε) strongly controls satellite-derived estimates of land surface temperature (LST). This is particularly important for studying surface urban heat islands (SUHI) since built-up and natural landscapes are known to have distinct ε values. Given the small signal associated with the SUHI compared to LST, accurately prescribing urban and rural ε would improve [...]
Fracture distribution in a folded fluvial succession: the Puig-reig anticline (South-eastern Pyrenees)
Published: 2021-05-07
Subjects: Geology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Sedimentary rocks of foreland fold-and-thrust belts typically undergo intensive fracturing as fold grows. The resulting fracture networks can present significant variations depending on the distribution of sedimentary facies and the complex structural characteristics of fold-and-thrust belts. The Puig-reig anticline, located in the south-eastern Pyrenees, mainly exposes proximal fluvial deposits [...]
Global Assessment of Oil and Gas Methane Ultra-Emitters
Published: 2021-05-07
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Methane emissions from oil and gas (O&G) production and transmission represent a significant contribution to climate change. These emissions comprise sporadic releases of large amounts of methane during maintenance operations or equipment failures not accounted for in current inventory estimates. We collected and analyzed hundreds of very large releases from atmospheric methane images sampled [...]
Hydroclimatic Analysis of Rising Water Levels in the Great Rift Valley Lakes of Kenya
Published: 2021-05-05
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Study Region The Great Rift Valley lakes of Kenya have recently experienced significant increases in their water levels, negatively impacting the local communities. This has provoked renewed concerns about the causations, with various geological, anthropogenic and hydro-climatic influences hypothesized as potential causes of the water level rises. Study Focus This study analyses and documents [...]
The gap between atmospheric nitrogen deposition experiments and reality
Published: 2021-05-05
Subjects: Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Life Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Forest Biology, Other Environmental Sciences, Planetary Biogeochemistry, Soil Science, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
Anthropogenic activities have dramatically altered the global nitrogen (N) cycle. Atmospheric N deposition, primarily from combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, has caused acidification of precipitation and freshwater and triggered intense research into ecosystem responses to this pollutant. Experimental simulations of N deposition have been the main scientific tool to understand ecosystem [...]
The disaster trap: cyclones, tourism, colonial legacies, and the systemic feedbacks exacerbating disaster risk
Published: 2021-05-04
Subjects: Geography, Human Geography, Nature and Society Relations, Physical and Environmental Geography
The long, open-ended period of recovery from a disaster event is the phase of a disaster that the interdisciplinary field of disaster studies struggles to understand. In the process of rebuilding, places do not simply reset – they transform, often in ways that confound any reduction of disaster risk, instead making people and settings more vulnerable to future hazard events. Reducing disaster [...]
A numerical study of SMART Cables potential in marine hazard early warning for the Sumatra and Java regions
Published: 2021-05-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Other Earth Sciences
We present results from a series of exploratory numerical experiments based on ocean bottom pressure and seismic data from a simulated linear array of SMART cable stations off the trench in the Sumatra-Java region. We use six rupture scenarios to calculate tsunami propagation using hydrodynamic simulations. Through these experiments we show that such an addition would result in up to several [...]
Data Science for Geoscience: Recent Progress and Future Trends from the Perspective of a Data Life Cycle
Published: 2021-05-04
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Databases and Information Systems, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Theory and Algorithms
Data science receives increasing attention in a variety of geoscience disciplines and applications. Many successful data-driven geoscience discoveries have been reported recently, and the number of geoinformatics and data science sessions have begun to increase in many geoscience conferences. Across academia, industry, and governmental sectors, there is a strong interest to know more about the [...]
Tectonic geomorphology of the Jhelum fault zone & its contiguous regions in western Himalaya
Published: 2021-05-02
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The western Himalayan syntaxis represents the region where the major Himalayan structures abruptly curve and the cause of the curvature and the tectonic geomorphology of the region has not been fully explored. The lack of detailed structural maps with extensive field-based data is missing, which is mainly because of the political problems related to border sharing between Pakistan, India, and [...]
Syn- to post-rift alluvial basin fill: seismic stratigraphic analysis of Permian-Triassic deposition in the Horda Platform, Norway
Published: 2021-05-02
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure
Discrepancies in models of continental rift-basin dynamics and stratigraphic response calls on further investigation on the subject. Geometric- and lithological trends between stages of faulting is studied in the Permian- Triassic continental rift succession in the Horda Platform. The Horda Platform occupies the northeastern margin of the North Sea aulacogen where Late Permian-Early Triassic [...]