Preprints
There are 6168 Preprints listed.
Storm Whisperers: Predicting Thunderstorms with Long Short-Term Heuristic Memory Model
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Computer Sciences
Accurate thunderstorm prediction is essential for safeguarding public safety and optimizing resource management, particularly in increasingly unpredictable weather patterns. This study explores the use of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks enhanced with heuristic mechanisms as a cutting-edge method for predicting thunderstorm events. By leveraging the inherent ability of LSTMs to [...]
Ensemble methods for landslide susceptibility mapping: A review of machine learning and hybrid approaches
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Engineering
Abstract: The assessment of landslide susceptibility holds significant importance in disaster risk reduction. This study comprehensively examines the current research on landslide susceptibility from two aspects: the steps involved in landslide susceptibility assessment and modeling methods. Initially, we retrieved pertinent research articles, published between 2014 and 2023, and focused on [...]
Coupled trace element and Hf-isotope measurements of Hadean through Paleoarchean zircons from the Singhbhum Craton indicate derivation from a long-lived, mantle-derived protocrust
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology
Due to the dearth of rock records during the Hadean, little is known about early crustal chemistry and geodynamics. Here, we present zircon trace and rare earth element and Lu-Hf measurements of zircons ~ 3.3 Ga to ~ 4.2 Ga from the Older Metamorphic Tonalitic Gneiss in the Singhbhum Craton to better understand geodynamic changes during the Hadean and Archean. We find decreasing, subchondritic [...]
Chiwi Kawi: Field Report 2025 - Chiricahua Sky Island
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Forest Sciences, Plant Sciences
This field report details the environmental dynamics of the Chiricahua Mountains in SE Arizona. Adding to the previous 2022-2023 field report, these observations begin with the impact of the 2023 summer monsoons and the extreme drought conditions leading into 2025. Extraordinary stories from 2024 include wildlife observations of blonde and ginger coati, a lone wolf, jaguar tracks, and a yearling [...]
Revisiting GPS-Derived Plate Kinematics: Evaluation of the Integration of Plate Motion Models in Terrestrial Reference Frames
Published: 2025-06-07
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Tectonic plate motion is a cornerstone of the physical theory of plate tectonics, yet our understanding of lithospheric kinematics increasingly depends on the framework in which measurements are interpreted. With the advent of satellite-based geodesy, particularly the Global Positioning System (GPS), direct measurement of Earth’s surface dynamics has become possible with millimeter-level [...]
Enhancing Local Inclusion in Climate Transparency and Promoting Accessible Energy for Vulnerable Households in Burkina Faso
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Outdoor Education
Burkina Faso is actively working to establish a climate transparency framework, as required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This involves developing mechanisms for reporting on mitigation, adaptation, and support received. The Ministry of Environment, through the Permanent Secretariat of the National Council for Sustainable Development (SP-CNDD), is the lead [...]
Comparative Economic and Environmental Analysis of Open Field (Rainfed and Irrigated) and Environmental Agriculture (Screenhouse) Leafy and Pulpy Vegetables Production Systems in North West Nigeria.
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Agriculture
Screenhouse farming demonstrates remarkable water-use efficiency, requiring only 7.00 liters per kg for cabbage, 3.58 liters/kg for lettuce, and 2.38 liters/kg for spinach, a significant contrast to rainfed cabbage at 10,625 liters/kg and rainfed pumpkin at 17,628 liters/kg. This means screenhouse farming uses just 0.066% of the water consumed by rainfed cabbage and 0.014% of the water used by [...]
Supershear source model of the 2025 M7.8 Myanmar earthquake and paleoseismology of the Sagaing Fault: regions of significant overlap with past earthquakes
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The 2025 Mw 7.8 earthquake on the central Sagaing Fault is one of the most destructive seismic events in Myanmar's recorded history, producing near-fault shaking exceeding Modified Mercalli Intensity X and impacting tens of millions of people across Southeast Asia. We present a detailed kinematic rupture model of the event based on joint inversion of regional strong motion waveforms and [...]
The spatio-temporal variability, trends, and drivers of winter Arctic polynyas
Published: 2025-06-06
Subjects: Climate
Polynyas, thin-ice or open water regions within the sea ice, have regularly been observed in the Arctic since satellite observations began in the 1970s. Their opening, in response to complex interactions between several drivers, significantly influences the regional weather and climate, ecosystem, and the global ocean. Yet their monitoring at the pan-Arctic scale is rare since their detection is [...]
Spatiotemporal dynamics of floodplain patterns during the last 400 years south of Leipzig - A regional scale analysis
Published: 2025-06-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Remote Sensing, Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Elster-Pleiße floodplain south of Leipzig has undergone significant hydromorphological changes over the past centuries, influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic interventions. This study employs high-resolution LiDAR-based fluvial-geomorphological mapping (1x1 m resolution) and old maps analyses to reconstruct past river dynamics and identify shifts in channel morphology. [...]
Unprecedented decline in modern coral reef communities could indicate the onset of the Anthropocene
Published: 2025-06-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Stratigraphy
Coral reefs have experienced widespread and accelerated decline, driven by a combination of global and local anthropogenic stressors. To contextualize these changes, we compared the composition of coral reef communities on Curaçao between 1973 and 2023 with that of corals preserved in fossil reefs from the Last Interglacial period (128–116 ka). These fossil reefs, exposed along the island’s [...]
Bridging the Macro-Micro Divide through a New Paradigm for Climate Resilience Assessment in Data-Scarce Regions
Published: 2025-06-05
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Efforts to assess climate resilience in low-income countries (LICs) are often hampered by fragmented data systems and analytical silos between national and local scales. This study proposes and operationalizes an integrated empirical framework that bridges macroeconomic econometric modeling and micro-level spatial analysis to measure and visualize climate resilience in data-scarce settings. Using [...]
Improving magmatic CO2 reconstruction using X-ray Computed Tomography to accurately quantify melt inclusion volumes and geometries
Published: 2025-06-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology
Melt inclusions provide valuable insights into magmatic systems, allowing the study of otherwise inaccessible melts. Trapped volatile contents, commonly in the form of bubbles within melt inclusions, allow direct sampling and study of magmatic volatiles that are otherwise lost due to saturation and degassing. Quantifying magmatic volatiles such as CO2 is a complex process requiring multiple [...]
Mapping Rock Density in Ireland via Image-Based Geological Classification and Geodetic Modeling
Published: 2025-06-04
Subjects: Engineering
This study presents a comprehensive geospatial and geophysical workflow designed to develop a detailed rock density model for Ireland. The methodology integrates image-based classification of geological maps, specifically from the Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI), with precise geodetic computations. We detail the procedures for classifying rock types based on RGB values, assigning accurate [...]
Moist Convection and Radiative Cooling: Dynamical Response and Scaling
Published: 2025-06-02
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences
Moist convection is a fundamental process occurring in the Earth's atmosphere. It plays a central role in the weather and climate of the tropics where, to first order, the heating of the atmosphere by convection is in balance with the cooling of the atmosphere by the emission of radiation to outer space. In this study, we use a Cloud Resolving Model in Radiative-Convective Equilibrium with an [...]