Preprints
There are 5978 Preprints listed.
A simple model for predicting agronomy floods in rice fields in Bicol, Philippines
Published: 2025-02-04
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Climate change is expected to intensify the impacts of flood events on agricultural production, particularly in flood-prone regions like the Philippines, where rice farming is heavily affected by frequent typhoons. Flood forecasting and early warning systems can aid in mitigating these risks; however, the insufficient coverage of hydrometric monitoring stations and limited computational resources [...]
Modeling stand-level forest attributes using lidar and Common Stand Exam data
Published: 2025-02-04
Subjects: Forest Management, Natural Resources and Conservation
This study focuses on the development of a lidar-based methodology that recreates stand-level inventory results from Common Stand Exams (CSE). CSE protocols are the U.S. Forest Service’s approach to measuring forest stocking and volume on public lands. Using an open-sourced dataset, stand-level statistics of lidar-derived height metrics, individual tree height, and tree density were generated for [...]
Where has all the Sinter gone? From the Pink and White Terraces, the Greatest Tourist Attraction of the Southern Hemisphere
Published: 2025-02-02
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Geology, Geomorphology, Other Geography, Paleontology, Physical and Environmental Geography, Spatial Science, Stratigraphy, Volcanology
Debate continues over the silica sinter Pink and White Terraces, the greatest tourist attraction of the southern hemisphere. The 1886 Tarawera eruption may or may not have destroyed them by burial or eruption. This research compiles surviving sinter. The volume is unexpectedly tiny, which bears on the debate. A database was developed including photography. A forensic approach was taken to [...]
A New Interpretation of Ptolemy's Germania Magna: Employing Computer-Assisted Image Distortion of a Medieval Map by Donnus Nicolaus Germanus to Examine Post-Glacial Geodynamics in Europe
Published: 2025-02-02
Subjects: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Nature and Society Relations, Other Astrophysics and Astronomy, Other Earth Sciences, Other Geography, Other Planetary Sciences, Planetary Geology, Planetary Geomorphology, Planetary Geophysics and Seismology, Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure, The Sun and the Solar System
This paper revisits Claudius Ptolemy's depiction of Germania Magna through a multidisciplinary approach, integrating computer-aided distortion analysis of Donnus Nicolaus Germanus's medieval cartography with geological insights. The study proposes that the region underwent significant and complex transformations, likely influenced by tectonic activity, such as the reactivation of the Caledonian [...]
Predicting Land Surface Temperature With Uncertainty Estimation Using a Community Sensor Network and Machine Learning
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Sustainability
Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) are areas in cities that experience higher temperatures than surrounding areas due to construction features such as buildings, roads, and a general lack of vegetation. UHIs, which pose a threat to public health while also increasing energy usage, are often defined using land surface temperatures. Our study demonstrates how a community sensor network from the Baltimore [...]
Natural Hydrogen Development-Potential and Challenges
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Natural hydrogen has recently been identified as a potential source for future energy systems. This paper investigates the technical development potential of natural hydrogen by estimating, for some recent finds and identified prospects, in-place and recoverable hydrogen, well productivity, water production and other byproducts that a future development would have to cater for. Finds are in three [...]
Cross-equatorial northerly surges associated with extratropical cold surges and tropical variability over the Maritime Continent
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Cross-equatorial northerly surge (CENS) is characterized by a strengthening of northerly moist monsoon winds over south of the South China Sea in the western Maritime Continent. The CENS typically lasts a few days in boreal winter and is frequently reported as a crucial synoptic forcing of heavy rainfall and flood events over northern Java Island. The occurrence of CENS has been generally [...]
Evaluating the potential of underwater television to contribute to marine litter assessments alongside bottom trawling
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Life Sciences
Feasibility of Time-Lapse Surface Seismic for CO2 Monitoring: A Case Study from the Decatur CCS Site, Illinois, United States
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We study the feasibility of time-lapse surface seismic to detect and monitor CO2 plume movement over the time at the onshore Decatur CCS site, United States. We develop and test a workflow, integrating results from subsurface characterization, dynamic flow simulation, rock physics, time-lapse fluid saturation logs, and operational information to model surface seismic responses of the [...]
Stratigraphic influence on emplacement and 3-dimensional structure of a large mafic sill in sedimentary strata
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Sills are fundamental elements of volcanic plumbing systems emplaced, among other, in sedimentary basins. Even though sills are commonly considered simple, straight concordant igneous sheets, they are actually complex 3-dimensional objects. The detailed knowledge of the 3D structure of sills and their host rock is of primary relevance to better constraining the emplacement mechanisms and the [...]
Quantifying Changes in Water Loading in the U.S. Southwest via Comparison of GNSS, GRACE, and SWE Datasets
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology
The synthesis of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravimetry data and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) displacement data provides improved models of surface water hydrology. Much work remains to be done to understand the hydrological signal present in complementary geodetic data in much of the Western U.S., especially the Colorado River basin which comprises a diversity of [...]
Insights into plume-ridge-transform fault interactions as derived from 3D numerical geodynamic modelling of the Azores Triple Junction
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Geology, Tectonics and Structure
The Azores Archipelago is an igneous province located in the centre of the Atlantic Ocean marked by a large bathymetric plateau with a complex tectonic history. Over the last 10 Myr, this region has been shaped by the interaction between the Azores plume, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), and the Gloria Fault zone. This complex interaction was characterised namely by the transition from a [...]
Advancing forest disturbance economics – assessing the impacts on timberland returns requires consistent economic approaches
Published: 2025-01-31
Subjects: Forest Sciences
The discussion about economically optimal forest ecosystem management is almost as old as forest science. Continuous cover forestry renounces removing the tree canopy of forest ecosystems. In contrast, clear fell forestry suggests harvesting all trees at once to replace the crop trees with young trees. Assuming occurrence probabilities for stands of different ages, a study by Kärenlampi [...]
Removal of Cd (II) and Zn (II) ions from Aqueous Solutions using Carbonized and Functionalized Persea americana Root Stem Powder
Published: 2025-01-30
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
The ability of carbonized and modified avocado (Persea americana) root stem powder (C-PA and M-PA) to remediate Cadmium (Cd (II)) and Zinc (Zn (II)) contamination in aqueous solution was studied by varying the carbonization temperature, particle size of the adsorbent, adsorption temperature, pH of the solution, contact time, adsorbent dose and adsorbate concentration. Scanning electron microscopy [...]
The role of microscopic displacement dynamics for underground hydrogen versus natural gas storage in fractured reservoirs
Published: 2025-01-30
Subjects: Engineering
Repurposing natural gas (methane) storage facilities to hydrogen storage leverages existing infrastructure to address seasonal energy demand-supply fluctuations. However, the differences in the injection-withdrawal cycle between hydrogen and methane-brine systems remain poorly understood. Therefore, we investigate the pore-scale two-phase flow dynamics of hydrogen (H$_2$), methane (CH$_4$), and [...]