Preprints
There are 5987 Preprints listed.
Ocean and Coastal Acidification Monitoring Priorities for the Northeast US and Eastern Canada
Published: 2024-11-06
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Geochemistry, Oceanography, Planetary Geochemistry
The Interagency Working Group on Ocean Acidification monitoring Prioritization Plan 2024 calls for Coastal Acidification Networks to identify the ocean and coastal acidification (OCA) monitoring needs most important for their regions. The Northeast Coastal Acidification Network (NECAN) organized a webinar series to study regional needs, which culminated with a workshop in November 2023. This [...]
A dual lake approach reveals the impact of Holocene oxygen availability and climate on molecular proxy records in the sub-Arctic
Published: 2024-11-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ancient DNA and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are new, powerful tools to reconstruct past ecosystems and climate in high-latitude lakes, but often require contrasting oxygen conditions for reliable interpretations. Here, we present a new approach using adjacent oxic and anoxic lakes to 1) better understand how redox potential impacts these proxies using isoprenoid [...]
Time-lapse geophysical responses of hydrogen-saturated rock: Implications on subsurface monitoring
Published: 2024-11-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rock physics modeling and time-lapse geophysical modeling are effective methods to better understand the influence of hydrogen on rock properties and visualize hydrogen plume distribution and its migration direction. We study rock physics responses of hydrogen in a wedge model and a small field test scenario under different injection conditions. In doing so, we develop and test an integrated [...]
Nitrate-N trends in Mississippi and Atchafalaya River Basin Watersheds: Exploring correlations of watershed features with nutrient transport components 2000-2020.
Published: 2024-11-06
Subjects: Engineering
Nutrient reduction strategies in the Mississippi and Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) have been implemented since mid-2010’s to attenuate the impacts of non-point source pollution to the Gulf of Mexico. Of all nutrients, nitrate represents the largest threat due to its extended presence throughout the basin and its high solubility in water. To evaluate the performance of state reduction strategies, [...]
Downward Continuation of Wide-Angle Seismic data: implications for traveltime tomography uncertainty
Published: 2024-11-05
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Controlled-source marine seismic experiments are key in advancing our understanding of the Earth’s subsurface structure to study tectonic, magmatic, sedimentary and fluid flow processes. Joint acquisition of Wide-Angle Seismic (WAS) and Multi-Channel Seismic (MCS) streamer data stands as the most robust approach for marine exploration, however effectively mapping subsurface structure [...]
Evaluation and Planning Application of Oasis Habitat Stability in Arid Regions Based on the PPSD Model: A Case Study of Wensu County, Xinjiang.
Published: 2024-11-05
Subjects: Engineering
Oasis regions, with high population and wealth density, are vital for human habitation and ecological balance in arid areas, where their stability and sustainability are crucial for human habitation and ecological balance. Current research on oasis stability often focuses on the impact of natural and human factors on oasis systems, overlooking the interactive and dynamic role of human and natural [...]
Tree level change detection over Ahmedabad city using very high resolution satellite images and Deep Learning
Published: 2024-11-04
Subjects: Computer Engineering
In this study, 0.5m high resolution satellite datasets over Indian urban region was used to demonstrate the applicability of deep learning models over Ahmedabad, India. Here, YOLOv7 instance segmentation model was trained on well curated trees canopy dataset (6500 images) in order to carry out the change detection. During training, evaluation metrics such as bounding box regression and mask [...]
Cyclone Evacuation Route Identification Using ArcGIS, and recommended new cyclone shelter in Koyra Upazila, Khulna, Bangladesh.
Published: 2024-11-03
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering
Evacuation is a critical preparedness measure to safeguard people from the severe impacts of cyclones. Selecting the right evacuation route is vital for an effective evacuation during cyclones. In our study, we utilized Geographic Information System to plan evacuation routes for Koyra upazila in Khulna, Bangladesh, and to establish an evacuation route using shortest distance analysis. The aim is [...]
The ‘trench pull’ force: constraints from elasto-plastic bending models
Published: 2024-11-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Stresses transmitted through slabs are thought to provide an important component of the driving force on the trailing plates. This “net slab pull” is usually conceptualized in terms of in-plane differential stress, acting in the sense of deviatoric tension. However, an additional component of the net slab pull arises due to the pressure deficit created by plate downbending. The purpose of this [...]
Global database of hot sedimentary aquifer geothermal projects: De-risking future projects by determining key success and failure criteria in the development of a valuable low-carbon energy resource
Published: 2024-11-01
Subjects: Engineering
Hot sedimentary aquifers (HSAs) have huge potential for low-carbon energy supply but remain a relatively untapped resource. For example, HSAs could meet 100 years of UK national heat demand. The main technical barriers to HSA deployment are subsurface risks and associated well completion requirement. Numerous studies and policies have attempted to tackle these hurdles, but the sluggish [...]
Predicting Harmful Algal Blooms Using Ensemble Machine Learning Models and Explainable AI Technique: A Comparative Study
Published: 2024-11-01
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Engineering
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), driven by environmental pollution, pose significant threats to water quality, public health, and aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to enhance the prediction of HABs in Lake Erie, part of the Great Lakes system, by utilizing ensemble machine learning (ML) models coupled with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for interpretability. Using water quality data from [...]
Global identification of solid waste methane super emitters using hyperspectral satellites
Published: 2024-11-01
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Sciences
Solid waste is the third largest source of anthropogenic methane and mitigating emissions is crucial for addressing climate change. We combine three high-resolution (30–60 m) hyperspectral satellite imagers (EMIT, EnMAP, and PRISMA) to quantify emissions from 38 strongly-emitting disposal sites across worldwide urban methane hotspots. The imagers give consistent emission estimates, with EMIT and [...]
Fault Representation in Structural Modelling with Implicit Neural Representations
Published: 2024-10-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Implicit neural representations have been demonstrated to provide a flexible and scalable framework for computer graphics and three-dimensional modelling and, consequently, have found their way also into geological modelling. These networks are feature-based and resolution-independent, making them effective for modelling geological structures from scattered interface points, units, and structural [...]
Numerical modelling of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction and intraplate deformation in the Gulf of Guinea
Published: 2024-10-31
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
To present day, the phenomenon of intraplate deformation and its associated earthquakes remain elusive. In this work, we argue that intraplate deformation may result from the interaction between lithospheric and upper mantle dynamic processes. To this extent, we targeted the Gulf of Guinea and adjacent Western Africa, a region with both low plate velocities and clear asthenosphere dynamics, [...]
Geological and Environmental Implications of Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques: Balancing Efficiency with Sustainability
Published: 2024-10-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This research paper explores the geological and environmental impacts of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology, focusing on the balance between efficiency and sustainability in fossil fuel extraction. EOR methods, including thermal recovery, gas injection, and chemical flooding, are critical to maximizing reservoir recovery, especially as global energy demand increases and conventional reserves [...]