Preprints
There are 5428 Preprints listed.
Observations from the Seafloor: Ultra-low-frequency Ambient Ocean-Bottom Nodal Seismology at the Amendment Field
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
Large-scale ocean-bottom node (OBN) arrays of 1000s of multi-component instruments deployed over 1000s of square kilometers have been used successfully for active-source seismic exploration activities including full waveform inversion (FWI) at exploration frequencies above about 2.0 Hz. The analysis of concurrently recorded lower-frequency ambient wavefield data, though, is only just beginning. A [...]
DINEOF Interpolation of Global Ocean Color Data: Error Analysis and Masking
Published: 2024-02-27
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The Data Interpolation Empirical Orthogonal Function (DINEOF) algorithm is used to reconstruct datasets of geophysical and biological variables such as sea surface temperature (SST) and Chlorophyll a (Chl a). In this study, we analyze the impact of both the quantity and distribution of missing data on the performance of DINEOF demonstrating how DINEOF plus a connectivity mask can be used for [...]
Challenges of applying an embedded domain specific language for performance portability to Earth system models
Published: 2024-02-26
Subjects: Computational Engineering, Earth Sciences
Weather and climate modeling, reliant on substantial computational resources, faces challenges of escalating resource demands and energy consumption as problem sizes and model complexity increase. Leveraging Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) for accelerated simulations demands performance portability across diverse High Performance Computing (HPC) architectures. The concept of embedded Domain [...]
Climatic and geological insights on geochemical signatures left in ancient glass
Published: 2024-02-26
Subjects: Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Geography
Glass artifacts have been the subject of extensive trade as exquisite items of the social elite since ancient times. Vestiges of their production and migration are still visible around the globe. To comprehend the historical narrative of human life encapsulated within them, it is imperative to ascertain their inception, which directly correlates with the identification of raw materials used in [...]
GLAMOUR: GLobAl building MOrphology dataset for URban hydroclimate modelling
Published: 2024-02-26
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding building morphology is crucial for accurately simulating interactions between urban structures and hydroclimate dynamics. Despite significant efforts to generate detailed global building morphology datasets, there is a lack of practical solutions using publicly accessible resources. In this work, we present GLAMOUR, a dataset derived from open-source Sentinel imagery that captures [...]
A Mathematical Theory of Historical Greenhouse Gas Emissions with Rigorous Insights
Published: 2024-02-25
Subjects: Analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Longitudinal Data Analysis and Time Series, Numerical Analysis and Computation
In this paper, we analyze historical greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide, leveraging a dataset provided by (Gütschow and Pflüger, 2023). Employing mathematical modeling, a formal theory is developed, describing the growth trajectories of GHG emissions over time. The theory introduces several key concepts including continuous emission process (CEP), discrete emission process (DEP), [...]
Deciphering the role of evapotranspiration in declining relative humidity trends over land
Published: 2024-02-24
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In recent decades, relative humidity (RH) over land has declined, driving increases in droughts and wildfires. Previous explanations attribute this trend to insufficient moisture advection from the ocean to sustain RH over land, but this ignores atmospheric moisture supplied from terrestrial evapotranspiration (E). While state-of-the-art climate models underestimate this RH trend, the reason [...]
Mapping a novel metric for Flash Flood Recovery using Interpretable Machine Learning
Published: 2024-02-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Flash floods are one of the most devastating natural disasters, yet many aspects of their severity and impact are poorly understood. The recession limb is related to post-flood recovery and its impact on communities, yet it remains less documented than the rising limb of the hydrograph to predict the peak discharge and timing of floods. . This work introduces a new metric called the flash flood [...]
Wave Scattering by an Isolated Cyclogeostrophic Vortex
Published: 2024-02-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The propagation paths of oceanic internal tides are influenced by their interactions with vortices. We examine the scattering effect that an isolated vortex in (cyclo)geostrophic balance has on a rotating shallow-water plane wave. We run a suite of simulations in which we vary the non-dimensional vorticity of the vortex, Ro, the relative scale of the vortex size to the Rossby radius of [...]
Sea-level oscillations within the Last Interglacial: insights from coral reef stratigraphic forward modelling
Published: 2024-02-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Understanding past sea-level variations is essential to constrain future patterns of sea-level rise in response to warmer climate conditions. Due to good preservation and the possibility to use various geochemical methods to date fossil sea-level index points, the Last Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage, MIS, 5e, 130-116 ka) is often regarded as one of the best climate analogs for a future warmer [...]
The effect of global and regional solar shading on climate: A simulation study
Published: 2024-02-23
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The potential climate impact of solar geoengineering is examined using climate model simulations by artificially reducing the incoming solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere. Climate scenario simulations indicate that a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide (2xCO2) induces a surface temperature rise which is amplified over the poles primarily during the respective winter. The warming also [...]
Exposure to Climate Events and Mental Health: Risk and Protective Factors from the California Health Interview Survey
Published: 2024-02-22
Subjects: Public Health
There is increasing awareness of the effects of climate change on mental health, but more work on understanding risk and protective factors is needed. The 2021 California Health Interview Survey included new questions about exposure to extreme weather events and mental health responses. This study aims to identify how individual factors and neighborhood social cohesion are associated with [...]
Trends, cycles and seasonality in rainfall, temperature, NDVI, DMI and SOI in the Greater Mara-Serengeti Ecosystem: Insights for biodiversity conservation
Published: 2024-02-22
Subjects: Biodiversity
Understanding climate and vegetation trends and variations is essential for conservation planning and ecosystem management. These elements are shaped by regional manifestations of global climate change, impacting biodiversity conservation and dynamics. In the southern hemisphere, global climate change is partially reflected through trends in the hemispheric El Niño-Southern Oscillation (SOI) and [...]
CHIRICAHUA Field Report 2021-2023 - Sky Islands and the Desert Southwest An Independent Ecological Study
Published: 2024-02-22
Subjects: Desert Ecology, Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences
This Chiricahua Field Report is a combination of collected data and field observations that began in November 2021 and continued on until May 2023. The Report is about ecology and connections of life. It contains information on 400+ trees in 10 diverse ecosystems including the Madrean Sky Islands and the Riparian zones of ancient sea valleys in SE Arizona. Recent season changes, warming, fires, [...]
The effects of precursory velocity changes on earthquake nucleation and stress evolution in dynamic earthquake cycle simulations
Published: 2024-02-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seismic velocity changes in earthquake cycles have been observed over a wide range of timescales and may be a good indicator of the onset of future earthquakes. Understanding the effects of precursory velocity changes right before seismic and slow-slip events could potentially elucidate the onset and timing of fault failure. We use numerical models to simulate fully dynamic earthquake cycles in [...]