Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Simulation-Based Sensitivity Analysis of Check-Dam Height Effects on Downstream Debris-Flow Depth for Structural Countermeasure Scenarios
Published: 2026-05-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Engineering, Other Engineering, Risk Analysis
Check dams can influence debris-flow propagation, but their effects may depend on location, height, and local topographic conditions. This study evaluates the sensitivity of downstream debris-flow depth to check-dam height scenarios using numerical simulations of a mountainous catchment in Atami, Japan. Six hypothetical check-dam locations were placed along the torrent, and 4,877 valid cases were [...]
Runoff potential index for upland-lowland drought assessment in rainfed rice using earth observation and mechanistic crop modelling
Published: 2025-06-28
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
Drought vulnerability assessment in agricultural systems remains increasingly critical under climate change, yet current approaches are constrained by limitations of existing topographic indices, particularly in low-gradient terrains where the widely-used Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) exhibits numerical instability and fails to detect critical microtopographic variations that control water [...]
Estimation of Land Surface Temperature Using LANDSAT 8 Satellite Data of Panchkula District, Haryana
Published: 2025-09-20
Subjects: Life Sciences
Land surface temperature (LST) represents hotness of the surface of the Earth at a particular location. Land surface temperature is useful for meteorological, climatological changes, heat island, agriculture, hydrological processes at local, regional and global scale. Presently many satellite sensor data are available for calculation of land surface temperature like Landsat 8 and MODIS. In the [...]
LSDetector: An Open-Source Tool Bridging Landslide Detection Models and Practical Deployment through Three-Stage Transfer Learning
Published: 2026-07-08
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering
Rapid and reusable landslide detection from remote-sensing imagery remains challenging because practical deployment often requires cross-region transfer learning, limited local labels, and reproducible model-to-product workflows. This paper presents LSDetector, an open-source local workbench that bridges advanced landslide detection models and real-world deployment through three-stage transfer [...]
Seasonality and declining intensity of methane emissions from the Permian and nearby US oil and gas basins
Published: 2025-07-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We quantify weekly methane emissions and trends from oil and gas production in the US Permian Basin for 2019–2023, and in nearby basins for 2022–2023, by analytical inversion of Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite observations with the Integrated Methane Inversion (IMI) at 25-km resolution. Permian oil and gas emissions averaged 4.0 ± 1.1 Tg a-1 over 2019–2023, with large [...]
Determination of REE abundances and Eu isotope ratio in GSJ and NIST feldspar reference standards (JF-1, JF-2, SRM 70a, 70b and SRM 99a) using ICP-QMS and MC-ICP-MS
Published: 2025-07-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rare earth element (REE) concentrations in feldspars provide valuable information for understanding geochemical implications during the evolution of igneous rocks due to magma differentiation. Europium (Eu) is one of the REEs and exists in oxidation states (Eu2+ and Eu3+) states. Eu2+ can be substituted for Ca2+ during plagioclase feldspar crystallization in reducing magmas, which becomes a cause [...]
Simultaneous spectral induced polarization and X-ray µCT imaging to investigate pore-scale dynamics and geoelectrical responses in porous media
Published: 2025-07-02
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Understanding the interplay between pore-scale fluid distribution and bulk electrical properties is critical to improving petrophysical models of partially saturated porous media. This study introduces and evaluates a novel experimental setup that enables synchronized spectral induced polarization (SIP) and X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) measurements under dynamic saturation conditions. A [...]
Hydraulic Fracturing in a Confined Space System: Stress State, Fracture Space, and Production Enhancement Mechanism
Published: 2025-07-02
Subjects: Engineering, Mining Engineering
Existing mechanical models for hydraulic fracturing technology are established based on open space systems, assuming fractures are primarily formed through tensile failure. However, the source mechanism of newly created fracture space under confined space conditions with constant total volume remains unclear. This study develops a mechanical model for hydraulic fracturing in confined space [...]
Continental-Scale Carbonate Sedimentation and Environmental Correlates of the Shuram-Wonoka Excursion
Published: 2025-07-01
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Paleontology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Strata of the Ediacaran Period record many Earth-Life features that distinguish the Neoproterozoic-Phanerozoic transition. However, it is difficult to determine cause and effect relationships between Ediacaran events. Continental-scale patterns of sedimentation have been used as proxies to investigate controls on Phanerozoic macroevolution, including sea level drivers and potential carbon cycling [...]
Probabilistic modelling of pharmaceutical pollution risk from sewage treatment work discharges using a Bayesian Network: application to a Scottish river catchment
Published: 2026-03-16
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health, Statistical Models, Statistics and Probability, Water Resource Management
Pharmaceuticals are increasingly recognised as a class of emerging contaminants of concern in rivers. Their continuous release from human use and variable removal in sewage treatment works (STWs) can produce ecologically relevant concentrations and contribute to antimicrobial resistance. We developed a probabilistic catchment-scale model based on a Bayesian Network (BN) to quantify pharmaceutical [...]
On the demise of Whistler, Horstman and Blackcomb Glaciers, southwest British Columbia, Canada: historical use, recent change and future prospects within a mountain resort
Published: 2025-07-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Atmospheric warming is causing glaciers worldwide to retreat and disappear, with repercussions for nearby communities. Effects of glacier retreat have been especially consequential for mountain resorts such as Whistler Blackcomb, Canada, where almost 60 years of summer glacier use has been terminated due to the ongoing demise of Whistler, Horstman and Blackcomb Glaciers. Over the past five [...]
Mapping Europe's Natural Hydrogen Potential: A Continental-Scale Geological Prospectivity Assessment
Published: 2025-07-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Natural hydrogen, generated by a range of geological processes in the Earth's crust, is emerging as a promising carbon-neutral energy source. However, systematic large-scale assessments of its subsurface occurrence remain limited. This study presents the first continental-scale prospectivity map of natural hydrogen in Europe, integrating geological indicators of hydrogen generation, reservoir [...]
Multi-Model Machine Learning Analysis of Urban Temperature Trends: A Comparative Study on Climate Change Impacts in U.S. Cities of Midwest KANI Region
Published: 2025-07-01
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences
Urban temperature prediction is critical for regional climate planning, environmental monitoring, and thermal hazard mitigation. This study employs a multi-model supervised machine learning framework to predict and forecast daily urban air temperatures and evaluate model performance across key counties in the U.S. Midwest KANI region: Polk (IA), Pulaski (AR), Lancaster (NE), and Johnson (KS), [...]
Climate Resilient Agriculture Vulnerability Mapping of Indian Districts – Directions for Future Policy Planning
Published: 2025-07-02
Subjects: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering
Climate change poses significant risks to agriculture, especially in agro-dependent, climatevulnerable regions and states of India. This study applies a machine learning-based Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model to assess agricultural risks, climate vulnerability in various Indian states with diverse climatic variables to address India’s 2070 net-zero goal. It addresses the existing research gaps [...]
The air pollution benefits of low severity fire
Published: 2025-07-01
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Forest Sciences, Remote Sensing
Larger and more frequent wildfire events in Western North America in recent years have resulted in extensive human and environmental damage, and are reversing decades of air quality improvements. Fuels treatments, including the use of prescribed fire, can reduce the extent and severity of future wildfires, but air quality trade-offs resulting from application of these treatments -- more initial [...]