Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Effective Microbial Kinetics under Pore-Scale Transport Limitation: A Biofilm Effectiveness-Factor Theory
Published: 2026-07-27
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reactive-transport models of porous media usually evaluate microbial reactions with Monod kinetics and rate constants measured on well-mixed laboratory cultures, in which every cell is exposed to the same substrate concentration. In natural sediments and aquifers this assumption fails at the pore scale, because the cells are not suspended but reside in biofilms and aggregates attached to the [...]
PDCD-DAT – A global database of pyroclastic density current deposit field data
Published: 2026-04-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Pyroclastic density currents represent one of the deadliest hazards posed by active volcanoes. Analysis of their deposits provides valuable insights into their internal dynamics and informs numerical simulations of pyroclastic density currents which underpin many volcanic hazard assessments. We present PDCD-DAT, a global database of pyroclastic density current deposit characteristics compiled [...]
Lagged impacts of groundwater pumping on streamflow due to stream drying: Incorporation into analytical streamflow depletion estimation methods
Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
Water management often requires accounting for reductions in streamflow caused by groundwater pumping (‘streamflow depletion’). Since streamflow depletion cannot be quantified from observational data, it is typically modeled. Analytical depletion functions (ADFs) are a low-cost, low-complexity approach for estimating streamflow depletion with utility for decision support, but ADFs adopt several [...]
Lead (Pb) contamination in drinking water in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Lead (Pb) in drinking water causes organ damage, cardiovascular disease, cancers, and lifelong neurological and developmental impairment, disproportionately harming infants and developing fetuses. However, evidence on lead in drinking water in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited and lacks robust synthesis, impeding action. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of [...]
Quantifying lead (Pb) leaching from galvanized handpump spouts, leaded brass taps, and stainless-steel alternatives using the NSF 61 test protocol: Implications for safe rural water supply
Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Lead (Pb) is a neurotoxin with no known safe level of exposure. Widespread lead contamination has been found in rural groundwater-supplied drinking water systems in low- and middle-income countries, potentially from corrosion of lead-containing materials such as galvanized steel and brass. National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) 61 is an international standard for certifying the safety of water [...]
Land Use, Sustainability, and Democratic Backsliding
Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Geography, Sustainability
Land use and land systems, i.e. how human societies manage and interact with land through social-ecological systems, are at the core of sustainability issues. Democratic backsliding, i.e. the decline or degradation of the institutions and social norms that sustain democratic societies, is a widespread and impactful trend, with strong but understudied two-ways linkages with land use dynamics. From [...]
Local Seismicity: Matched Filter Detection Routine with Synthetic Templates using 1D velocity model
Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
This study evaluates the performance of Synthetic Template Matching for seismic event detection in the West Bohemia region (Czechia), comparing it with two established methods: the automated detector-locator PEPiN and an Artificial Neural Network. Synthetic templates are generated using a 1D velocity model and span a grid of five fundamental focal mechanisms (FMs), independent of any prior [...]
Feasibility of Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation in soils polluted by hydrocarbons
Published: 2025-06-19
Subjects: Engineering
This study presents an investigation on the potential of biostimulation and bioaugmentation of Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) in soils polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Biostimulation of urea hydrolysis by soil autochthonous ureolytic bacteria was not detected over 62 days. Flow cytometry revealed Sproposarcina pasteurii at initial OD600 = 0.01 was able to grow [...]
Comparing the determinants of deforestation, agricultural and forest fires in the Brazilian Amazon between 2009 and 2024
Published: 2022-10-18
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Forest Sciences, Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Fires are a major source of carbon emissions and biodiversity loss in the Brazilian Amazon. Climatic and ecological processes affect the flammability of the landscape, while socio-economic processes influence the use of fire. Understanding different types of fires and characterizing how economic, climatic and environmental conditions influence each, is essential for designing effective and [...]
Quantifying tidal impacts on Arctic sea ice: An unexpected mechanism for the regional delay of summer melting
Published: 2025-06-20
Subjects: Oceanography
Tides are an important factor shaping the sea ice system in the Arctic Ocean, by altering vertical heat fluxes and advection patterns. Unfortunately, observations are sparse and the analysis of tides is complicated by the proximity of wind-driven inertial oscillations to the semi-diurnal frequencies. Furthermore, computational costs typically prohibit the inclusion of tides in ocean models, [...]
Changes in stratiform heating structure due to surface warming weaken and accelerate convectively coupled Kelvin waves
Published: 2025-06-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Although stratiform heating plays a crucial role in tropical convective systems, we do not fully understand (1) how stratiform heating would change in response to surface warming and (2) how those changes would affect convectively-coupled equatorial waves. This study analyzes the changes in stratiform heating structure and convectively-coupled Kelvin waves (KWs) associated with surface warming [...]
The Rise of Diamond Open Access Journals in Earth Sciences: Past Developments, Present Tensions, and Future Pathways
Published: 2026-07-08
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Cosmochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Library and Information Science, Paleontology, Planetary Sciences, Sedimentology, Tectonics and Structure, Volcanology
Over roughly the last decade, a visible, community-led Diamond Open Access (OA) ecosystem has emerged in the Earth sciences, not as a departure from tradition, but as the latest expression of a long-standing culture of open, society-supported scholarly communication. While free-to-read, fee-free publishing initiatives have deep roots in the field, predating the Diamond terminology by decades and [...]
Mapping ethylene and acetylene plumes using satellite high-resolution imaging spectrometers that exploit the SWIR spectrum
Published: 2026-06-30
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences
Ethylene (C2H4) and acetylene (C2H2) are reactive hydrocarbons that degrade air quality through ozone formation and atmospheric oxidation. However, space-based monitoring of plumes from these gases remains largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that ethylene and acetylene point-source emissions can be detected and quantified using shortwave infrared (SWIR) imaging [...]
Generative geomodelling: Deep Learning vs. Geostatistics
Published: 2025-06-21
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
Generative geomodelling aims to simulate subsurface facies distributions while honoring multiple types of conditioning data and geological knowledge. This study selects three typical multiple-point statistics (MPS) approaches—Direct Sampling (DS), Quick Sampling (QS), and SNESIM—and two Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) workflows—post-GANs perturbation and GANSim—as representatives to compare [...]
A thermodynamically consistent theory of multicomponent porous media: finite-deformation mechanics, compositional flow, electrostatics, reactions, and phase transformations
Published: 2026-10-10
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Hydrology, Petroleum Engineering
Reactive reservoir models must combine compositional flow, deformation, electrostatics, chemical reactions, and phase transformations without losing the thermodynamic origin of each term. This paper develops such a theory for multicomponent, multiphase porous media at finite deformation. Component mass conservation is first written on phase-attached material regions and then volume averaged, [...]