Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
IMPACTS OF LAND-USE CHANGES ATTRIBUTED TO DISCHARGE LEVEL OF MAHA OYA RIVER BASIN, SRI LANKA
Published: 2025-06-16
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering
River discharge in tropical regions are driven by both rainfall and land-use changes. This study quantifies how land-cover change and altered rainfall regimes have affected discharge in the Maha Oya River basin, Sri Lanka. Previous studies suggest that the river basin had been subjected to serious erosion due to increased soil digging, clay mining, and high flood vulnerability over the last three [...]
HydroBlox: AI-Assisted Visual Programming Framework for Enhanced Scientific Reproducibility in Hydrology
Published: 2025-06-20
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computational Engineering, Education, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Science and Mathematics Education
Scientific workflow reproducibility for hydrological and environmental analyses remains a challenge due to the heterogeneity of data sources, analysis protocols, and evolving visualization needs. This study introduces HydroBlox, a client-side browser-based framework that supports the creation, execution, and export of hydrological workflows using a visual programming interface. The platform [...]
Curved fault slip captured by CCTV video during the 2025 Mw 7.7 Mandalay earthquake
Published: 2025-06-16
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
On-fault geological observations from surface breaking earthquakes typically contain curved slickenlines, suggesting fault slip is curved. However, slickenlines commonly record only a fraction of coseismic slip, making it difficult to reconstruct the full slip trajectory. Near-fault seismic records, though capable of capturing ground motions associated with rupture, are limited in their ability [...]
Chapter 3.2 - Distributed Volcanic fields
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Distributed volcanic fields are typically low magma-flux systems, and occur in every tectonic setting. Their volcanoes are typically but not exclusively small-volume (≤1 km3 of magma). The most typical type of volcanoes associated with volcanic fields include scoria cones, tuff rings, maars, tuff cones, spatter cones, and associated lava flows, in addition to sparse medium-size shields and lava [...]
Development and Performance Evaluation of a WT-LSTM Hybrid Model for Global Land Meteorological Drought Prediction
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
In recent years, droughts have become increasingly frequent worldwide, leading to issues such as reduced agricultural yields and ecological degradation in various regions. To mitigate the impact of drought on human survival and development, this study utilizes the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to analyze the spatiotemporal variations of global droughts. The results [...]
The 1993 Jerzmanowice event in Poland and the 1908 Tunguska event
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Education, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper is a continuation of a series of works, devoted to various aspects of the 1908 Tunguska event. In this paper its author would like to draw attention to the phenomenon that is sometimes called the Polish Tunguska in the Polish media, although it would probably be more correct to call it mini-Tunguska. In the evening of January 14, 1993, the village Jerzmanowice (about 20 km NW from [...]
Sediment storage quantification in the Black Forest highlights tectonic influence on typically wide and shallow valleys
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Quantifying sedimentary volumes in mountain valleys can not only enhance our understanding of Quaternary valley evolution and river dynamics but also yield critical insights into hydrogeological characteristics. In contrast to the thoroughly investigated Upper Rhine Graben, little coherent information is available on the subsurface structure of adjacent Black Forest valleys. This study therefore [...]
Putting the Meteors back in Meteorology
Published: 2025-06-17
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
The effects of three extra-terrestrial drivers on UK weather and short-term climate are considered namely, meteor showers, solar flux and GCR on the interdecadal climate in the UK. At least in the study period, these are seen to be in control with no evidence of warming. The UK temperature anomaly can be accounted for by a simple algorithm. In the UK in the inter-decadal period 2005-2011 [...]
Deep Learning for Ionogram Parameter Extraction: A Time-Series Approach to Ionospheric Monitoring
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Ionograms provide a direct measurement of the ionosphere’s electron density profile and its irregularities. By examining critical frequencies researchers can identify key parameters—such as the F region critical frequency (foF2), the height of maximum electron density (hmF2), and the presence of Spread F irregularities—that are vital for understanding signal propagation, space weather effects, [...]
Learning Seismic Wavefield Structure from Regional Arrays with Self-Supervised Deep Learning
Published: 2026-05-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Seismic wavefields recorded across regional arrays exhibit spatial structure governed by propagation physics, including phase alignment, apparent slowness, and source directionality. These properties underpin array processing, yet in sparsely sampled arrays the wavefield is only partially observed, making it difficult to determine how information is distributed across sensors. Particularly, it [...]
Enhancing Local Inclusion in Climate Transparency and Promoting Accessible Energy for Vulnerable Households in Burkina Faso
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Outdoor Education
Burkina Faso is actively working to establish a climate transparency framework, as required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This involves developing mechanisms for reporting on mitigation, adaptation, and support received. The Ministry of Environment, through the Permanent Secretariat of the National Council for Sustainable Development (SP-CNDD), is the lead [...]
Predictability and randomization of surface air temperature chaotic dynamics
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The surface air temperature daily records at the land-based locations with different climate conditions (from the Arctic to Patagonia) have been studied on the daily to intraseasonal time scales (low-frequency annual and seasonal variations have been removed by subtracting a wavelet regression from the daily records). It is shown that the power spectra of the daily time series exhibit a universal [...]
The Stotfield silcrete (or ‘Stotfield Cherty Rock’), Moray, eastern Scotland: Characterization and discussion of an archaeologically important lithic raw material
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Human Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
We describe and discuss a lithic raw material new to Scottish prehistoric research: the Stotfield silcrete or Stotfield Cherty Rock. This material was well-known to Scottish geologists, but it was only recently realized that it had been used by prehistoric people in Moray, eastern Scotland. We describe our examination of archaeological Stotfield silcrete, as well as field information relating to [...]
PDCD-DAT – A global database of pyroclastic density current deposit field data
Published: 2026-04-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Pyroclastic density currents represent one of the deadliest hazards posed by active volcanoes. Analysis of their deposits provides valuable insights into their internal dynamics and informs numerical simulations of pyroclastic density currents which underpin many volcanic hazard assessments. We present PDCD-DAT, a global database of pyroclastic density current deposit characteristics compiled [...]
Lagged impacts of groundwater pumping on streamflow due to stream drying: Incorporation into analytical streamflow depletion estimation methods
Published: 2025-06-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
Water management often requires accounting for reductions in streamflow caused by groundwater pumping (‘streamflow depletion’). Since streamflow depletion cannot be quantified from observational data, it is typically modeled. Analytical depletion functions (ADFs) are a low-cost, low-complexity approach for estimating streamflow depletion with utility for decision support, but ADFs adopt several [...]