Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
(Social) Innovation in Climate Services Provision
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Geography
The development and adoption of climate services is a dynamic process requiring integration and social acceptance. This study explores how innovative approaches to climate service design can address usability and acceptability gaps and support their integration into urban climate risk management. Using transdisciplinary co-design methods, the study highlights the importance of engaging users to [...]
Remote sensing for sustainable river management: Evaluating watershed vulnerability for Ganga, the world’s most densely populated river basin
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Risk Analysis
When standing water mixes with wastewater, it can create serious public health and environmental concerns. This scenario is particularly dangerous in densely populated urban areas with inadequate infrastructure. Such contamination threatens to cause major public health crises in the Ganga River basin where monsoonal flooding, which is exacerbated by climate change, converges with 6 billion liters [...]
ENSO-Driven Modulation of the Caribbean Subsurface Salinity Maximum
Published: 2026-06-16
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This study identifies El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) as the primary driver of interannual subsurface salinity variability in the Caribbean Sea. Using 30 years of high-resolution, data-assimilative ocean reanalysis (1993–2022), we show that the Subsurface Salinity Maximum (SSM) closely tracks ENSO cycles: El Niño events correspond to a saltier and deeper SSM, while La Niña drives a fresher [...]
MushBox: In Situ Biodegration of Municipal Solid Waste Through Mycoremediation via Mycelium and Cellulosic Waste Integration.
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Life Sciences, Plant Sciences
Exponential buildup of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in landfills accounting for 60% of the 292.4 million tons, presents a major environmental challenge. This leads to ecological disruptions, groundwater contamination, wildlife harm from microplastics, and contributes to climate change. MushBox deploys mycoremediation to decompose MSW, leveraging the unique capabilities of mycelium. This [...]
The magmatic-hydrothermal transition record in zircon: Implications for zircon texture, composition and rare-metal granite dating (Beauvoir granite, French Massif Central).
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry
Zircon petrochronology is widely used to quantify the age and duration of magma differentiation and emplacement. However, 20 in highly differentiated magmas, such as those forming rare-metal granites, zircon may form at the magmatic-hydrothermal transition and its primary crystallisation history together with its secondary hydrothermal overprint need to be resolved and clarified. To resolve [...]
Coral microatoll partial mortality after multi-hour subaerial exposure: Implications for relative sea-level studies
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Geomorphology, Marine Biology, Other Earth Sciences, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Some intertidal corals, known as microatolls, have a distinct morphology that reflects changes in local relative sea level. While past observations have shown that the top surface of these corals may be killed by subaerial exposure, little is known about the exact oceanographic or environmental conditions that cause a coral to die down to a particular level. Here, we combine field surveys, [...]
High-Resolution Methane Detection with the GHGSat Constellation
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Environmental Monitoring
GHGSat operates a constellation of small satellites designed to detect and quantify methane emissions with high sensitivity compared with existing satellite technologies. An important feature of GHGSat measurements is the high spatial resolution (~25m), which enables attribution of emissions to specific facilities and subsequent corrective action from the operator. The GHGSat constellation [...]
Climate Resilient Agriculture Vulnerability Mapping of Indian Districts – Directions for Future Policy Planning
Published: 2025-05-30
Subjects: Risk Analysis
Climate change poses significant risks to agriculture, especially in agro-dependent, climate-vulnerable regions and states of India. This study applies a machine learning-based Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model to assess agricultural risks, climate vulnerability in various Indian states with diverse climatic variables to address India's 2070 net-zero goal. It addresses the existing research [...]
Large-sample characterization of flooding events in India
Published: 2025-05-31
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Effective flood management requires a robust understanding of past floods. In India, such understanding is largely limited to case studies due to the absence of a standardized observed flood dataset. We address this gap by presenting a national dataset of 7500 flooding events, developed by merging observed streamflow records with official flooding thresholds and augmenting it with multiple [...]
Validation and Metrics for Emissions Detection by Satellite
Published: 2025-05-31
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Detecting and quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from individual sites by satellite remote sensing has emerged as a powerful new method in recent years. As more and more players enter the field, based on a variety of technologies for both instrumentation and data processing, there is a need for standardized methods for evaluating the performance of these systems. This document is focused on the [...]
Tropical Intertidal Microbiome Response to the 2024 Pasir Panjang Oil Spill
Published: 2025-05-31
Subjects: Life Sciences
Marine fuel oil (MFO) spills in tropical coastal environments are under-characterized despite increasing risk from maritime activities. Microbial and geochemical responses to the June 2024 Pasir Panjang MFO spill on Singapore’s intertidal sediments were analyzed in real time over 185 days. Using metagenomics and hydrocarbon profiling, microbial community shifts and hydrocarbon degradation were [...]
wave-attenuation-1d: An idealized one-dimensional framework for wave attenuation through coastal vegetation using Numba-accelerated shallow water equations
Published: 2025-08-07
Subjects: Applied Mechanics, Environmental Engineering, Fluid Dynamics, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Oceanography
Coastal vegetation provides crucial wave attenuation for shoreline protection, yet existing models are either computationally prohibitive or lack transparency for educational purposes. This study presents wave-attenuation-1d, an open-source Python package implementing linearized shallow water equations with vegetation-induced drag to simulate wave propagation through coastal vegetation. The [...]
Modeling Fluid Dynamics in Porous Media: A Pore-Scale Flow Analysis
Published: 2025-05-31
Subjects: Engineering
This study investigates single-phase fluid flow in porous media using advanced numerical methods, with a focus on pore-scale dynamics, to address the limitations of traditional models, such as Darcy's law. The research utilizes the Creeping Flow interface and the Brinkman equation to analyze velocity and pressure distributions in heterogeneous porous media. Qualitative results indicate the [...]
Vegetation Dynamics and Their Contribution to the Little Ice Age
Published: 2025-06-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Causes of the Little Ice Age (LIA) have remained a subject of intensive research due to its significance. The causes of the LIA have been largely speculative; however, recent studies suggest that plant and vegetation growth may provide a plausible explanation. The LIA period coincided with an ecological encounter, as humans from the Old and New Worlds exchanged goods and diseases. A significant [...]
Drivers of changes in shoreline position of two small reef islands in the West Philippine Sea
Published: 2025-04-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences
This study examines the variations in the shoreline position of two atoll reef islands in the West Philippine Sea, Pag-asa Island, and Lawak Island, and identifies the influence of potential drivers of erosion. Data from field observations, beach profiling, and Google Earth Pro satellite images from 2004 to 2022 are used to identify shoreline movement for each island. Shoreline change is [...]