Preprints
There are 6976 Preprints listed.
Food security beyond borders: how crop imports affect drought risk of conflict-affected countries
Published: 2025-06-25
Subjects: Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Climate, Environmental Studies, Hydrology, Meteorology, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Sustainability
Drought events can disrupt food security and increase the risk of violent conflicts. In an interconnected global food system, countries rely on both local food production and imports to meet domestic demand. When assessing the impact of drought risk on national food security, however, imported crops are often overlooked. This study incorporates international crop trade information to understand [...]
A Markov chain Monte Carlo approach for geostatistically simulating mass-conserving subglacial topography
Published: 2025-06-26
Subjects: Glaciology, Other Statistics and Probability
Subglacial topography is critically important for simulating ice-sheet evolution and projecting sea-level contributions. However, the subglacial topography of the Antarctic ice-sheet is sparsely measured. Obtaining a gridded topography map used in ice-sheet simulations requires interpolating the measurements or inverting topography from observations of ice velocity and surface elevation. [...]
Climate Change Driven Disruptions in Health Service Uptake and Gender Role Inequities in SubSaharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Published: 2026-05-01
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Background SubSaharan Africa (SSA) faces deeply intersecting crises in which high climate vulnerability interacts with entrenched gender role inequities, severely compromising population health and resilience. Climatedriven shocks including droughts and floodsdisrupt health systems and disproportionately affect women and girls due to preexisting socioeconomic and cultural [...]
Building a climate resilient health system: Lessons from Health National Adaptation Planning (H-NAP) in Uganda
Published: 2026-05-01
Subjects: Public Health
Climate change is increasingly affecting both health and the systems required to deliver care, particularly in low-resource settings. In response, Uganda developed its Health National Adaptation Plan (H-NAP) 2025–2030 to guide climate change adaptation in the health sector. However, limited analytical attention has been paid to how low-resource countries are developing and institutionalising [...]
A SEISMIC MOMENT MAGNITUDE SCALE
Published: 2025-06-25
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Theaimofobtaininga single scale for earthquake magnitudes has led many studies in the past to either develop relationships among various existing scales or develop an altogether new scale to represent a wide range of magnitudes on a single scale. Although a reliable and standardized estimation of earthquake size is a basic requirement for all tectonophysical and engineering applications, [...]
WITHDRAWN: The association between experiencing environmental injustice and climate attitudes: a nationally representative survey of United States residents
Published: 2025-06-26
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Reevaluating sedimentary signatures of micro-tidal processes in fluvial-dominated rivers: the Po River (Italy)
Published: 2025-06-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences
In microtidally influenced rivers, tides are generally assumed to leave virtually no signatures in the sedimentary record. However, this hypothesis has been surprisingly poorly tested using modern river analogues, which provide an opportunity to assess whether sedimentary signatures of microtidal regimes can develop in rivers that lack diagnostic evidence of tidal control on large-scale channel [...]
Field evidence for non-linear IP effects in a volcanic hydrothermal system using reciprocal data.
Published: 2025-06-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Volcanology
In electrical geophysical methods it is often assumed that the resistivity or chargeability, behaves linearly with the applied electrical current. However, non-linearity has been reported in Induced Polarization (IP) and can be caused by oxidation-reduction reactions or reactions at the surface of clay minerals. Methods to determine the presence of non-linear effects exist and involve analysis of [...]
Assessing Climate and Watershed Controls on Rain-on-Snow Runoff Using XGBoost-SHAP Explainable AI (XAI)
Published: 2025-06-28
Subjects: Climate, Fresh Water Studies, Hydrology, Meteorology, Water Resource Management
Rain-on-snow (ROS) events significantly impact hydrological processes in snowy regions, yet their seasonal drivers remain poorly understood, particularly in low-elevation and low-gradient catchments. This study uses an XGBoost-SHAP explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) model to analyze meteorological and watershed controls on ROS runoff in the Great Lakes Basin. We used daily discharge, [...]
Mapping upper mantle discontinuities beneath the Australian continent using multimode surface waves and receiver functions
Published: 2025-06-28
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Spatial distributions of upper mantle discontinuities beneath the Australian continent are mapped using a large number of station-based 1-D S-velocity profiles with radial anisotropy, derived from joint Bayesian inversions of multimode surface waves and P-wave receiver functions. Numerous permanent and temporary stations across Australia enable us to constrain localized seismic velocity [...]
A Comprehensive Assessment of the FireCCILT11 Global Burned Area Product
Published: 2025-06-28
Subjects: Other Earth Sciences
Runoff potential index for upland-lowland drought assessment in rainfed rice using earth observation and mechanistic crop modelling
Published: 2025-06-28
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences
Drought vulnerability assessment in agricultural systems remains increasingly critical under climate change, yet current approaches are constrained by limitations of existing topographic indices, particularly in low-gradient terrains where the widely-used Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) exhibits numerical instability and fails to detect critical microtopographic variations that control water [...]
Estimation of Land Surface Temperature Using LANDSAT 8 Satellite Data of Panchkula District, Haryana
Published: 2025-09-20
Subjects: Life Sciences
Land surface temperature (LST) represents hotness of the surface of the Earth at a particular location. Land surface temperature is useful for meteorological, climatological changes, heat island, agriculture, hydrological processes at local, regional and global scale. Presently many satellite sensor data are available for calculation of land surface temperature like Landsat 8 and MODIS. In the [...]
A Vertical Equilibrium Model for CO2 Migration in Depleted Gas Fields
Published: 2026-05-15
Subjects: Engineering
This study extends the vertical equilibrium (VE) modeling framework to simulate multi-phase flow involving CO₂, methane, and brine in depleted gas reservoirs. Methane presence introduces complexity not captured in traditional VE models. The proposed model integrates a black-oil approximation with VE assumptions, reducing dimensionality and enabling rapid simulation of large-scale CO₂ injection. [...]
Seasonality and declining intensity of methane emissions from the Permian and nearby US oil and gas basins
Published: 2025-07-02
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
We quantify weekly methane emissions and trends from oil and gas production in the US Permian Basin for 2019–2023, and in nearby basins for 2022–2023, by analytical inversion of Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite observations with the Integrated Methane Inversion (IMI) at 25-km resolution. Permian oil and gas emissions averaged 4.0 ± 1.1 Tg a-1 over 2019–2023, with large [...]