Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
Continuous Water Surface Elevation Estimates Using Deep Learning with Legacy Altimetry and Surface Water and Ocean Topography Data
Published: 2026-04-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Water Resource Management
We present the development of a high-temporal-resolution global dataset of daily river water surface elevation (WSE), spanning January 2008 through May 2025. By utilizing a deep learning framework to integrate legacy satellite altimetry and the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission data, we produced a continuous record covering 9,184 river reaches, 5,926 rivers, and 1,342 basins. The [...]
Mutual interactions between aquifer thermal energy storage and groundwater extraction: global sensitivity insights
Published: 2026-02-28
Subjects: Hydrology
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) is increasingly deployed in groundwater protection zones, motivating a quantitative assessment of thermal impacts on public-supply wells and the influence of supply-well pumping on ATES performance. In the Campine Basin (Belgium), we simulate three settings: balanced operation, seasonal imbalance, and multi-system deployment. Using a groundwater flow and [...]
Evidence for open magmatic system processes recorded in the crystal cargoes of lunar basalts
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Basaltic magmatism is fundamental to planetary evolution and establishment of planetary crusts. Decades of terrestrial-based research indicate that basaltic magmatic systems often comprise of a series of discrete magma batches with distinct geochemical compositions. The crystal cargos of magmas erupted from such systems provide evidence of this. Within this framework, we investigate textures and [...]
Multi-Parametric Assessment of Avian Biodiversity and Anthropogenic Disturbance for Conservation Prioritization in Belize
Published: 2026-02-28
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Background: Anthropogenic climate change and rising levels have accelerated global warming, causing severe disruptions to Belizean ecosystems through sea-level rise and habitat fragmentation. To mitigate these impacts, identifying high-value land for protected status is a critical conservation priority for maintaining medicinal biodiversity and preventing zoonotic disease spillover. Objective: [...]
From Roots to Canopy: An Evolving Framework for Critical Zone Education and Outreach
Published: 2026-02-28
Subjects: Education, Educational Methods, Higher Education, Science and Mathematics Education
Critical Zone (CZ) science provides an integrative framework for understanding the Earth as an interconnected system spanning from the vegetation canopy through soils and weathered rock to groundwater. While the CZ concept has become foundational within earth and environmental sciences, it remains unfamiliar to many educators, students, and community audiences. This paper presents the evolution [...]
CryoSentinel: A Multimodal Foundation-Model Segmenter for Glacial Lakes in High Mountain Asia from Sentinel-1 SAR, Sentinel-2 Optical, and Copernicus DEM Imagery
Published: 2026-05-16
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Environmental Monitoring, Geomorphology, Glaciology, Hydrology
Glacial-lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are the dominant climate-driven hazard in High Mountain Asia, and reliable lake-extent segmentation is the prerequisite for every downstream early-warning workflow. We present CryoSentinel, a multimodal foundation-model semantic segmenter built on the IBM/ESA TerraMind 1.0 Large encoder (1.1 B parameters) with a UperNet decoder, fine-tuned on 5,614 [...]
Ice Surface Change Drives Subglacial Hydrologic Reorganization and Interior Speedup in Northwest Greenland
Published: 2026-03-22
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Changes in ice surface elevation and slope influence subglacial water pressure and sliding velocity. Leveraging changes in elevation observed by the Ice, Cloud, and land-Elevation satellite (ICESat) and ICESat-2 missions, we use coupled subglacial hydrology--ice dynamics modeling applied to a section of the northwest Greenland Ice Sheet to explore i) how decadal scale changes in ice surface [...]
A satellite-monitoring research agenda for urban stormwater infrastructure: capabilities, gaps, and a community-benchmark proposal
Published: 2026-06-09
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology
Urban stormwater best management practices (BMPs) are a core component of urban-resilience portfolios worldwide. Per-asset performance monitoring, however, is both limited and difficult to enumerate at the global scale. We argue that publicly available satellite Earth observation has reached the capability point at which the resulting accountability gap can be closed at portfolio scale, and that [...]
Agricultural Fallowing Drives Extreme Anthropogenic Dust and Visibility Degradation During the October 2021 Dust Event in California’s Central Valley
Published: 2026-04-26
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences
Anthropogenic dust aerosols from agricultural land affect regional air quality, visibility, and radiation, yet they are often ignored in atmospheric models. Here, we investigate the role of fallow croplands in driving anthropogenic dust emissions during the October 11, 2021, wind-driven dust event over California’s Central Valley (CV). The simulation without fallow croplands fails to reproduce [...]
Interplay between geometry and brittle deformation of bedrock fault scarps
Published: 2026-03-01
Subjects: Geology, Tectonics and Structure
Energy built up during interseismic phases is released during earthquakes as seismic energy and dissipated within fault zones. Seismological observations indicate spatial variations in earthquake behavior across a fault (e.g., rupture speed, stress drop, wave directivity). However, how this relates to energy dissipation through brittle fracturing in the fault zone is difficult to quantify from [...]
Enhancing daily precipitation reconstruction: An improved version of the reddPrec R package
Published: 2025-06-11
Subjects: Engineering, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reconstructing high-quality daily precipitation series is essential for climate studies, hydrological modeling, and environmental applications. This work presents a new version of reddPrec, a versatile and flexible R package designed to reconstruct precipitation datasets through standard quality control, gap-filling, and grid creation procedures. The update introduces greater flexibility in [...]
Resonant Activation of Oxygen as a Hypothetical Method for Low-Temperature Oxidation of Methane in Coal Seams: Theoretical Analysis, Parametric Modeling, and Regime Maps
Published: 2026-03-01
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical study of a hypothetical method for low-temperature oxidation of methane directly within a coal seam. The method is based on resonant excitation of molecular oxygen by an electromagnetic field at ∼1.6 MHz, corresponding to its EPR transition in the Earth's geomagnetic field. The work includes calculation of a priori determinable parameters (resonant [...]
The Solar Paradox: Pure Social Diffusion and Competitive Resource Capture in Semi-Arid Irrigated Land Expansion
Published: 2026-03-01
Subjects: Agriculture, Engineering, Life Sciences
Solar-powered irrigation is expanding rapidly across semi-arid regions, but the mechanisms through which this technology diffuses in informal groundwa- ter economies—where the majority of wells operate without permits—remain poorly understood. We address this gap through a spatiotemporal analysis of 3,201 solar wells identified via satellite census in Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia, combined with 10,000 [...]
Last Interglacial shoreline successions in southeastern Australia: A framework for identifying a waning mantle upwelling, neotectonic movements and sea-level change
Published: 2026-01-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure
Relict shoreline successions are critically important for investigations of recent tectonism, as they are commonly amenable to dating and may provide information about surface displacement and changes in sea level since their deposition. In this study, Last Interglacial (MIS 5e; 128–116 ka) shoreline successions from 47 locations across southeastern Australia are reviewed. The surface [...]
Detection of coastal flooding with TinyCamML: a low-cost, privacy-preserving cellular-connected camera with onboard ML
Published: 2025-09-18
Subjects: Environmental Monitoring, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering, Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Systems and Communications
Chronic flooding is an issue for low-lying coastal communities globally, and it is expected to worsen with rising sea levels. In contrast to floods driven by extreme storms, predicting when and where these floods occur can be difficult as they can be hyper-local and short-lived, depending on the flood drivers (e.g., tides, rain). These factors make it difficult to measure the full spatial and [...]