Preprints
There are 7999 Preprints listed.
An adaptive hybrid model for wildfire front forecasting based on cellular automata, multi-agent UAV observations, and binary data assimilation: A case study of the 2021 Dixie Fire
Published: 2026-05-29
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This study presents a retrospective case-study evaluation of a hybrid framework for daily wildfire-front forecasting during the 2021 Dixie Fire in California, USA. The framework couples a stochastic cellular automaton (CA) with a multi-agent system (MAS) of simulated UAV observations and a lightweight binary data-assimilation scheme. The model uses topography, vegetation, fuel proxies, and [...]
Chitosan-Modified Loofah Scaffold for Sustainable Microplastic Removal from Water
Published: 2026-04-01
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering
The global accumulation of over 400 million tons of plastic waste annually has intensified the growing crisis of micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) contamination in natural and drinking water systems. These particles persist in the environment and act as vectors for toxic pollutants. Existing mitigation strategies often rely on costly synthetic materials or energy-intensive infrastructure, which may [...]
A variational approach at uncertainty estimation in data-driven rainfall-runoff modeling
Published: 2025-12-27
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hydrology
Reliable uncertainty estimation is essential for decision making, evaluating model performance, and defining the limits of what can be inferred from data. While uncertainty estimation typically requires specifying prior assumptions about a distributional form, we introduce an approach to learn the structure of uncertainty directly from data. Specifically, we introduce a variational long [...]
Evidence of non-additional pig manure offset projects
Published: 2026-04-25
Subjects: Geography
Each carbon offset represents the claim that one ton of CO₂ emissions has been avoided or removed from the atmosphere. For offsets to deliver real climate benefits, the emission reductions they represent must be “additional,” meaning they would not have occurred without financial support from the carbon market. Despite its importance, additionality has proven difficult to achieve in practice. [...]
Trace element contamination of sand samples by grinding
Published: 2026-03-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry
Blanks during powdering processes were examined for major and trace elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Quartz sand (reference CV32.2) was used as a test substrate for powdering with grinding mills of several kinds: an agate mortar grinder, a stainless steel mortar grinder, a hard porcelain mortar grinder, an agate hand mill, and a hard porcelain hand mill. The [...]
A global life-cycle inventory database of deforestation area and emissions for agricultural products
Published: 2026-10-26
Subjects: Agriculture, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Other Food Science, Other Forestry and Forest Sciences, Sustainability
Food-system actors are increasingly required to quantify and report the greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture-driven deforestation in their supply chains, yet comprehensive, up-to-date and openly accessible data to support such Scope 3 reporting remain scarce. Here we present a harmonized life-cycle inventory (LCI) database of deforestation area and carbon footprints covering 183 agricultural [...]
A prescribed wave probe reveals phase hidden vortex force memory in turbulence
Published: 2026-04-16
Subjects: Fluid Dynamics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Phase averaging closes the equations of multi scale flows by removing bilinear couplings with vanishing one time means. Their two time correlations can still survive. We test this distinction for waves passing through turbulence. We study the stochastic vortex force in direct numerical simulation of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. This wave vorticity coupling is removed by classical phase [...]
Data-driven modeling of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes across the Arctic-boreal region: recent achievements and future opportunities
Published: 2026-03-11
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The Arctic-boreal region contains a significant portion of the global carbon reservoir, which is becoming increasingly vulnerable to atmospheric release due to climate change. Thus, it is vital to monitor and model Arctic-boreal carbon flux dynamics to understand the shifting carbon balance. Data-driven statistical and machine learning models are now commonly used to upscale carbon dioxide (CO₂) [...]
A Unified Treatment of SKS Splitting and Surface-Wave Anisotropy for Media with Arbitrary Elastic Symmetry
Published: 2026-06-09
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
SKS splitting and azimuthal anisotropy of surface-wave phase speed are two of the primary observational constraints on crustal and upper-mantle anisotropy, yet anisotropy models derived from surface waves commonly underpredict the magnitude of observed SKS splitting. We present a unified treatment of the two observables for weakly anisotropic media with arbitrary elastic symmetry. We derive a new [...]
QM1D: A 1D model of shear attenuation in the mantle from differential body waves
Published: 2026-03-03
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology
A qualitative content analysis of wildfire smoke preparedness and response plans in the United States and Canada
Published: 2026-08-28
Subjects: Public Health
Wildfires in North America have become more frequent and intense in recent years. This increase can be attributed to climate change, which has led to higher temperatures and altered precipitation patterns, creating conditions that favor wildfires. In addition, human activities, such as land development, forest management practices, and the ignition of fires, further contribute to the rising [...]
Structural Transformation, Energy Intensity, and GHG Emissions in East Africa: Implications for Green Development
Published: 2026-03-02
Subjects: Environmental Studies
This paper dissected the intricate drivers of per-capita greenhouse gas emissions across East Africa, with a laser focus on the dynamics of sectoral shifts in synergy with the shockwaves of energy consumption for a time period of 1993 to 2022. The study engaged a balanced panel of five East African countries which are Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda. The balanced panel was designed by [...]
Constructed floating wetlands cut greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater lagoons
Published: 2026-03-02
Subjects: Life Sciences
Wastewater treatment is a significant, yet often overlooked, contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for ~1.6% of anthropogenic emissions (~0.77 Gt CO2-equivalent per year), including 7-10% of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide emissions (N2O). However, scalable mitigation options remain scarce. Constructed floating wetlands (CFWs) are widely used to reduce nutrient loads in [...]
Wildfire house loss hazard mapping and fuel management scenario planning on a Tasmanian wildland-urban interface using radiant heat and firebrand exposure modelling
Published: 2026-03-02
Subjects: Forest Management, Physical and Environmental Geography, Spatial Science
Globally, wildfire disasters are increasing in frequency through a combination of urban expansion into flammable wildlands and climate change. Accordingly, the wildland urban interface (WUI) is a crucial geographic domain for disaster risk reduction. Accurate mapping of wildfire house loss hazard is a basic requirement for effective wildfire risk management. We developed a novel geographic [...]
Hamiltonian Monte Carlo applied to inverse petrological problems
Published: 2026-03-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Mineral Physics, Probability
Inversion is inherent in petrology and is used to investigate both experimental and natural field data. When field observations, petrography, geochronology and geochemistry are combined with numerical models, inversion is used to quantify important parameters that provide insights into natural processes involved in the petrogenesis of rocks. Additionally, with the current advances in the field of [...]