Preprints
There are 8000 Preprints listed.
Quantifying onset period rather than single date reveals projected intensification of dry-to-wet season transition.
Published: 2026-08-28
Subjects: Climate, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
Recent years have seen increasingly frequent delayed rainfall onset, especially in South America (SAm) and Southern Africa (SAfr). This arrival of the wet season is critical to water resources, ecosystems, and rain-fed agriculture. Existing rainfall-based approaches define the rainfall onset by a single date, limiting their ability to characterise the progression into the wet season. We introduce [...]
Translation and commentary on Carl Eduard Ney’s (1893/1894) Ueber die Messung des an den Schäften der Bäume herabfliessenden Regenwassers
Published: 2026-06-26
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Forest Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Water Resource Management
Stemflow is now recognized as a hydrologically consequential pathway, yet much of twentieth-century forest hydrology treated it as negligible. This paper revisits a counterpoint, a formal exchange regarding stemflow between Government and Forestry Councilor C.E. Ney and Imperial-Royal Trainee Dr. E. Hoppe at the first Congress of the International Union of Forestry Research Stations (Mariabrunn, [...]
A Vertical Equilibrium Model for CO2 Migration in Depleted Gas Fields
Published: 2026-05-15
Subjects: Engineering
This study extends the vertical equilibrium (VE) modeling framework to simulate multi-phase flow involving CO₂, methane, and brine in depleted gas reservoirs. Methane presence introduces complexity not captured in traditional VE models. The proposed model integrates a black-oil approximation with VE assumptions, reducing dimensionality and enabling rapid simulation of large-scale CO₂ injection. [...]
Uncovering a hidden resource for wildfire resilience: groundwater governance solutions to social-ecological challenges in a warming world
Published: 2026-06-08
Subjects: Engineering
Wildfires are intensifying worldwide and increasingly threaten cities and communities in the wildland–urban interface. While attention has focused on forests, fuels, and firefighting capacity, water systems are also under growing pressure during major fire events. Groundwater, accessed through decentralized wells across urban, peri-urban, and rural landscapes, remains largely overlooked in [...]
Analyzing The Capabilities Of Frugal Digital Twins For Sustainable Smart City Infrastructure Development In Africa: An ESGS Perspective From Ghana.
Published: 2026-06-19
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Digital twins, virtual replicas that mirror physical infrastructure through real-time data, have emerged as a pivotal technology for smart city development globally. However, their deployment in developing countries remains constrained by high costs, limited digital infrastructure, and insufficient local expertise. This paper analyses the capabilities of frugal digital twins as enablers of [...]
Navigating Rising Waters: Applying Protection Motivation Theory to Communities Facing Recurrent Flooding along the Shunganunga Creek
Published: 2025-07-25
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Studies, Meteorology, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Floodplain communities face persistent and compounding challenges as climate change and urban development increase the frequency and severity of flooding events. This case study examines how residents living near the Shunganunga Creek floodplain in Topeka, Kansas, perceive recurring flood risks and respond to current communication strategies. Using 11 semi-structured interviews analyzed through [...]
Coordinated satellite, aircraft, and ground-based observations of a large transient methane release
Published: 2026-02-01
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy
We present the results of a Very Large Methane Release (VLMR) experiment evaluating methane retrievals from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) Advanced Baseline Imagers (ABIs) and multiple low-Earth-orbit satellite instruments with high point-source detection thresholds. The experiment coordinated observations of a U.S. gas pipeline blowdown with nine satellites, an [...]
AI–Based Classification of Coffee Leaf Rust from Leaf Images in Smallholder Kenyan Farms
Published: 2026-05-26
Subjects: Life Sciences
Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by Hemileia vastatrix, remains a major threat to smallholder coffee production, yet access to timely and actionable disease risk information is limited. This study developed and compared machine learning models for predicting CLR incidence using plot-level data from 9,850 observations collected across six Arabica-producing counties in Kenya between 2018 and 2023. [...]
Local Prediction of Temperate Forest Structure in Eastern North America Using LiDAR, Radar, and Optical Data
Published: 2025-10-30
Subjects: Other Forestry and Forest Sciences, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
Forest structure underpins the emergence of ecological patterns and processes yet remains costly to measure directly at broad scales. NASA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission provides three-dimensional LiDAR measurements at discrete footprints, leaving spatial gaps that complicate wall-to-wall mapping. Few studies have produced high-resolution, broad-extent predictions of [...]
Effect of Three-Phase Relative Permeability on Field-Scale Carbon Dioxide Storage and Oil Recovery
Published: 2026-08-04
Subjects: Engineering, Petroleum Engineering
Currently, the vast majority of subsurface carbon dioxide storage occurs in mature oil fields, where sequestration is combined with enhanced oil recovery. When carbon dioxide is injected below the minimum miscibility pressure, three-phase flow occurs. We study the sensitivity of assumptions made in the assignment of three-phase relative permeabilities on predicted oil recovery and carbon dioxide [...]
Wrack as a Roughness Element: Nonlinear Controls on Wind Reduction and Sediment Deposition in a Coastal Dune System
Published: 2026-07-02
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Geomorphology
Coastal dunes are shaped by interactions among wind, sediment supply, and surface roughness elements. While vegetation is widely recognized as a driver of aeolian sediment dynamics, beach wrack remains understudied despite its frequent occurrence on sandy coastlines. This study investigated how wrack modifies airflow and influences sediment deposition. Paired 2D anemometers positioned upwind and [...]
Exact solutions for ice flow across the no-slip to free-slip transition
Published: 2026-06-06
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The downhill flow of a viscous ice stream across a no-slip to free-slip transition remains elusive to exact solutions due to the existence of singularities. Here we replace the point-wise sharp transition by a functional dependency of parametrised horizontal length. Analytical solutions are found for the steady Navier-Stokes flow with Newtonian properties. Our solution remains smooth and [...]
"A valid mixture of anxiety, despair, rage, grief": Canadian clinician perspectives on climate-related extreme weather impacts and mental health
Published: 2026-06-02
Subjects: Public Health
Climate change has been increasingly recognized as a determinant of mental health, yet limited research has examined how mental health care systems and clinicians are perceiving and responding to the impacts. This study explores the experiences of clinicians supporting people with mental health conditions in relation to climate change and extreme weather events (EWEs). We conducted a [...]
Spatial autocorrelation inflates the global leaf-wax d2H-precipitation slope
Published: 2026-06-19
Subjects: Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry
Leaf wax hydrogen isotope ratios (δ²Hwax) are used to make inferences about past hydroclimate, but global calibrations between δ²Hwax and precipitation isotopes (δ²Hprecip) ignore spatial autocorrelation and inflate apparent relationships. This study compiled 1,129 surface sediment and soil measurements of δ²Hwax from n-C29 alkanes and developed hierarchical Bayesian spatial models to separate [...]
Exploratory MPAS Sensitivity Experiments on Rainforest Biogenic Salt Aerosols, Tropical Rainfall, and Poleward Moisture Transport
Published: 2026-04-25
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Planetary Hydrology
Equatorial rainforest trees and their associated fungi emit hygroscopic potassium-salt (K-salt) aerosols that activate readily as cloud condensation nuclei and can accelerate warm rain — a biogenic, vegetation-linked pathway not represented as a dedicated process in major climate models. We ask whether this source measurably modulates the poleward transport of latent heat, using MPAS-Atmosphere [...]