Preprints
There are 7994 Preprints listed.
Slab Rollback Orogeny model for the evolution of the Central Alps: Seismo-Thermo-Mechanical test
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Forces associated with subduction of cold and dense oceanic plates control the motions and deformations of convergent margins. However, how these forces sustain mountain building processes — especially after slab breakoff — is still poorly known. Here we investigate this conundrum by performing 2-D, visco-elasto-plastic, seismo-thermo-mechanical numerical modeling, which simulates both tectonic [...]
Concurrent wet and dry hydrological extremes at the global scale
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Multi-hazard events can be associated with larger socio-economic impacts than single-hazard events. Understanding the spatio-temporal interactions that characterise the former is, therefore, of relevance to disaster risk reduction measures. Here, we consider two high-impact hazards, namely wet and dry hydrological extremes, and quantify their global co-occurrence. We define these using the [...]
Decadal land-use/land-cover and land surface temperature change in Dubai and implications on the urban heat island effect: A preliminary assessment
Published: 2019-06-05
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, International and Area Studies, Near and Middle Eastern Studies, Other Environmental Sciences, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Remote Sensing, Social and Behavioral Sciences
The emirate of Dubai is the most populous and most developed of the seven emirates that comprise the United Arab Emirates. By the end of the 20th century, the emirate had shifted its economy from being primarily petroleum-based to a focus on tourism and financial services. The emirate’s capital, also named Dubai, has been growing at a rapid pace; the population in 1999 was 862,000 inhabitants, [...]
Comments on, Scaled Random Number Simulation of High Correlation Coeffieients for Gasoline Range Compound Concentrations (unpublished results), disclosed in EarthArXiv, 5 April, 2019, by Lloyd R. Snowdon.
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The paper comments on disclosure EarthArXiv 5 April, 2019 by L. R. Snowdon discounting correlations between light hydrocarbons suggesting steady-state catalysis in the origin of petroleum. The correlations are shown to be valid and Snowdons arguments not relevant.
Glacier area and the variability of glacier change
Published: 2019-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This is the preprint of a letter that is under review in the Journal of Glaciology. The abstract is as follows: Large-scale remote-sensing data on ice loss in the Himalaya and other glacierised regions indicate that the differences in glacier area do not significantly influence the glacier-to-glacier variability of the thinning rate. An analysis of the available data from several regions across [...]
Estimation of the total sub-debris ablation from point-scale ablation data on a debris-covered glacier
Published: 2019-05-31
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Glaciology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This is the preprint of an article that is under review in the Journal of Glaciology. The abstract is as follows: Glaciological mass balance is computed from point-scale field data at a few ablation stakes that are regressed as a function of elevation, and averaged over the area-elevation distribution of the glacier. This method is contingent on a tight control of elevation on local ablation. On [...]
Lake Level Fluctuations in the Northern Great Basin for the Last 25,000 years
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Hydrology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Sedimentology
During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ~23,000 to 19,000 years ago or ka) and through the last deglaciation, the Great Basin physiographic region in the western United States was marked by multiple extensive lake systems, as recorded by proxy evidence and lake sediments. However, temporal constraints on the growth, desiccation, and timing of lake highstands remain poorly constrained. Studies aimed [...]
Implicitly localized ensemble observational update to cope with nonlocal/nonlinear data constraints in large-size inverse problems
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Many practical applications involve the resolution of large-size inverse problems, without providing more than a moderate-size sample to describe the prior probability distribution. In this situation, additional information must be supplied to augment the effective dimension of the available sample. This is the role played by covariance localization in the large-size applications of the ensemble [...]
Gondwana accretion tectonics and implications for the geodynamic evolution of eastern Arabia: first structural evidence of the existence of the Cadomian Orogen in Oman (Jabal Akhdar Dome, Central Oman Mountains)
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
The present work describes two early Cambrian folding events within Cryogenian to earliest Cambrian rocks of the western Jabal Akhdar Dome (Central Oman Mountains). This sequence is truncated at an angular unconformity and topped by Permo-Mesozoic sedimentary shelf strata. The Permo-Mesozoic is brittlely deformed and largely unfolded. This differs in style and intensity of deformation with the [...]
A constant Chinese Loess Plateau dust source since the Late Miocene
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary marks a major change in global climate and East Asian monsoon dynamic. However, the role of the global atmospheric dust-cycle over this time is unclear; in particular, whether, changes in the dust cycle influenced climate change, or resulted from it. Chinese loess records past dust-cycle history and the influences of aridification and monsoon circulation over the [...]
HESS Opinions: Improving the evaluation of groundwater representation in continental to global scale models
Published: 2019-05-24
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Continental- to global-scale hydrologic and land surface models increasingly include representations of the groundwater system, driven by crucial Earth science and sustainability problems. These models are essential for examining, communicating, and understanding the dynamic interactions between the Earth System above and below the land surface as well as the opportunities and limits of [...]
A Temperature- and Pressure-Sensitive Visco-Plasticity Theory based on Interface Mechanisms for Sedimentary Rocks
Published: 2019-05-24
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, Other Materials Science and Engineering
Constitutive modelling in geotechnical engineering and applied earth sciences is facing the challenge of assessing the long-term potential of both man-made and natural geohazards. This involves designing engineering operations for length scales and timescales well beyond those observable in the laboratory. In order to bridge the gap between scales, study rock behaviours well beyond their yield [...]
Understanding Low Cloud Mesoscale Morphology with an Information Maximizing Generative Adversarial Network
Published: 2019-06-05
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Atmospheric Sciences, Computer Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are a class of machine learning algorithms with two neural networks, one generator and one discriminator, playing adversarial games with each other. Information maximizing GANs (InfoGANs) is a particular GAN type that tries to maximize mutual information between a subset of latent variables and generated samples, thereby establishing a mapping between the [...]
A Stella® version of the Arctic Mediterranean Double Estuarine Circulation model: SAMDEC v1.0
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Arctic Mediterranean can be described as a double estuarine circulation regime. This observed circulation feature, which connects the North Atlantic to the Arctic Ocean, is composed of two interconnected branches of circulation: an overturning circulation, where dense water formed in the Nordic Seas returns toward the Atlantic and an estuarine circulation, where the East Greenland Current [...]
Teleseisms and Microseisms on an Ocean-Bottom Distributed Acoustic Sensing Array
Published: 2019-05-30
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Sparse seismic instrumentation in the oceans limits our understanding of deep Earth dynamics and submarine earthquakes. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), an emerging technology that converts optical fiber to seismic sensors, allows us to leverage pre-existing submarine telecommunication cables for seismic monitoring. Here we report observations of microseism, local surface gravity waves, and a [...]