Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Earth Sciences

Interseismic deformation fingerprints on the hyperarid coastal landscape in North Chilean subduction

Ehsan Kosari, Sabrina Metzger, Victor Navarro-Sanchez, et al.

Published: 2024-10-10
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics and Seismology, Tectonics and Structure

Along-strike seismotectonic behavior of subduction megathrusts feeds back into the forearc deformation as elastic and permanent deformation. However, whether and how short-term elastic deformation reflects long-term permanent deformation in the forearc and shapes the coastal region remains unclear. To evaluate the forearc deformation, we analyze the interseismic surface deformation obtained from [...]

Virtual laser scanning of dynamic scenes (VLS-4D): Current approaches and future perspectives in remote sensing

Hannah Weiser, Bernhard Höfle

Published: 2024-10-07
Subjects: Computer Sciences, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geographic Information Sciences, Geography, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Physical and Environmental Geography, Remote Sensing

Virtual laser scanning (VLS) has proven to be a useful tool for survey planning, method development and training data generation in a variety of areas of Earth and environmental sciences. Until recently, most applications have used static representations of the real or a fictive environment, neglecting the inherent dynamics of our world, that also affect Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) [...]

How can Light Pollution over the City of Mumbai be Assessed and Reversed?

Anandi Khandeparkar

Published: 2024-10-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physics

Light pollution, which adversely affects entire ecosystems, is a lesser-known but completely reversible form of pollution. The financial capital of India, Mumbai has been experiencing a steady rise in light pollution levels. This research article aims to answer the question “How can light pollution over the city of Mumbai be assessed and reversed?” It uses satellite data to map radiance levels [...]

Questioning Dark Oxygen Production in the Deep-sea Ferromanganese Nodule Field

Kentaro Nakamura

Published: 2024-10-04
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Oceanography

Previous studies have concluded that the natural process where oxygen is consumed as decomposition of organic matter that supplied from shallow waters occurs on the deep-sea floor. Sweetman et al.1 presented the surprising observation that deep-sea ferromanganese nodules generate oxygen, which they labelled as dark oxygen production. The authors claimed that oxygen was generated through the [...]

Contrasting Land‑Uses Affect Chemical Composition of Organic Matter in Tropical Soils: A Case Study via Os Staining and FTIR

Maoz Dor, Ricardo de Oliveira Bordonal, Andrey Guber, et al.

Published: 2024-10-03
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Soil Science

Particulate organic matter (POM) is a significant component of soil organic carbon (SOC), particularly in tropical soils, where it often serves as a primary precursor for the formation of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). This study investigates the impact of contrasting land-use practices on composition of POM in tropical soils. Using dual-energy X-ray microtomography approach with [...]

Imaging a buried terrane with district-scale ambient noise tomography and gravity modelling: insights for scale-reduction in mineral exploration

Anthony Reid, Nicholas Smith, Adebajo Ojo, et al.

Published: 2024-10-02
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Mineral exploration proceeds by a process of scale-reduction. Decisions need to be made at all stages as the physical search space becomes progressively reduced from regional through to district, camp and tenement/deposit scale. While there are many regional scale datasets available to explorers through public geoscience agencies, one of the most difficult steps to make is from the regional-scale [...]

Rapid transformation of biogenic silica to authigenic clay during reverse weathering

Simin Zhao, Emily Saad, Rebecca Pickering, et al.

Published: 2024-10-01
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry

Formation of authigenic clay minerals during early diagenesis of marine sediments, termed “reverse weathering” (RW), is an important process for regulating ocean pH and atmospheric CO2 over geologic time scales. It is also considered a“missing sink” of the modern marine Si cycle. Although the importance of RW has been increasingly recognized, the rate and mechanisms of this process remain [...]

Unveiling Year-Round Cropland Cover by Soil-Specific Spectral Unmixing of Landsat and Sentinel-2 Time Series

Felix Lobert, Marcel Schwieder, Jonas Alsleben, et al.

Published: 2024-09-28
Subjects: Agriculture, Earth Sciences, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Monitoring

Croplands are essential for food security but also impact the environment, biodiversity, and climate. Understanding, monitoring, modeling, and managing these impacts require accurate, comprehensive information on cropland vegetation cover. This study aimed to continuously monitor the state and vegetative processes of cropland, focusing on the assessment of bare soil and its cover with [...]

Improved Precision and Reference Materials for Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis in Basaltic Glasses using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

Joshua Shea, Ery Hughes, Robert Balzar, et al.

Published: 2024-09-27
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Volcanology

We introduce three new reference materials and a new high-precision set-up for stable carbon isotope analysis in basaltic glasses using large-geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) instrument. The new hydrous basaltic reference materials, characterised for carbon concentration and isotope composition by step-heating gas extraction and manometry followed by isotope ratio mass [...]

Assessing the timing of deep ocean oxygenation from uranium elemental and isotopic compositions of ophiolites

Joel Rodney, Morten Andersen, Daniel Stubbs, et al.

Published: 2024-09-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology

The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the deep oceans has varied over Earth History, with the timing of the transition from anoxic to oxic deep oceans debated. Under modern-day, oxic, deep ocean conditions, alteration of the upper sections of mafic oceanic crust with U-rich seawater leads to U enrichment, low Th/U ratios, and heterogeneous 238U/235U ratios relative to fresh mid-ocean ridge [...]

Groundwater use to reduce natural hazard susceptibilities and inequities in the metacrisis

Tom Gleeson, Giuliano Di Baldassarre, Makoto Taniguchi, et al.

Published: 2024-09-26
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Long-term thinking is broadly advocated for groundwater - the largest available freshwater resource that is essential for drinking water, irrigation and ecosystems around the world. Long-term thinking is crucial to support sustainability of this slowly renewed resource, but here we propose another crucial, novel and emerging approach for groundwater: short-term use over days and months during or [...]

Al Hawi, a 4-km-wide impact structure in northern Saudi Arabia

Abdulrahman Toonsi

Published: 2024-09-23
Subjects: Astrophysics and Astronomy, Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Other Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics, Planetary Geology, Planetary Sciences, The Sun and the Solar System

The northern region of Saudi Arabia hosts several impact craters and structures. This paper describes the discovery of a 4-km-wide complex impact structure located in the paleozoic sedimentary rocks of northern Saudi Arabia 210 kilometers north east of the city of Tabuk. The impact structure is composed of a central peak displaying intense folding and shock metamorphism surrounded by an inner [...]

Challenges and Opportunities of Data Driven Advance Classification of Hard Rock TBMs

Georg H. Erharter, Paul Johannes Unterlaß, Nedim Radončić, et al.

Published: 2024-09-21
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Earth Sciences, Geology, Geotechnical Engineering

Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) have revolutionized tunneling industry and are currently the dominant method of tunneling in all ground types including soil and rock. Traditional approaches to TBM advance classification, however, rely heavily on subjective assessments by onsite personnel, which are often hampered by limited access to the excavation face and discontinuous observation intervals. [...]

Gravity affects magma-induced crustal deformation: comparing laccoliths on the Moon, Mars, and Earth

Sam Poppe, Anne Cornillon, Alexandra Morand, et al.

Published: 2024-09-21
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Planetary Sciences

Dome-shaped, uplifted surface areas and associated fractures on Mars and the Moon are inferred to result from the shallow emplacement of magma intrusions. This inference originates from analogue observations at partially eroded or active volcanic systems on Earth. Computational models help estimating the geometry and emplacement depth of those inferred magma bodies. Models often do not consider [...]

B3AM: A beamforming toolbox for three-component ambient seismic noise analysis

Katrin Löer, Claudia Finger

Published: 2024-09-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Geotechnical Engineering

We introduce the code package B3AM for beamforming of three-component ambient noise array data, which is available for MATLAB and Python. We explain the theory behind three-component beamforming and polarisation analysis in particular, provide an overview of the workflow, and discuss the output using a worked example based on the MATLAB implementation. The strength of the presented code package [...]

search

You can search by:

  • Title
  • Keywords
  • Author Name
  • Author Affiliation