Preprints
Filtering by Subject: Earth Sciences
DYCOVE: A Python package for coupling dynamic vegetation processes with hydro-morphodynamic models
Published: 2025-12-23
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Vegetation growth in coastal environments plays an important role in shaping coastal morphology (Kirwan et al., 2016; Kleinhans et al., 2018; Mariotti & Fagherazzi, 2010; Schwarz et al., 2018; Temmerman et al., 2005, 2007). Hydrodynamic and morphodynamic (numerical) models are used widely for understanding the processes that impact coastal systems, and they inform management strategies for [...]
A review on ice-cores from temperate glaciers: processes, signal preservation, and paleoclimatic significance
Published: 2025-12-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Temperate glaciers, characterized by ice at the pressure melting point and the coexistence of solid and liquid water, are generally considered unsuitable as natural archives because meltwater undermines the paleoclimatic signals they hold. Historically, ice-core studies have favoured cold glaciers. However, the ongoing atmospheric warming is driving many formerly cold portions of glaciers toward [...]
Large-scale rotational extension triggered basin formation in interior East Antarctica
Published: 2025-12-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Glaciology, Tectonics and Structure
Recent sub-ice topography investigations have imaged with greatly improved detail a set of enigmatic low-elevation V-shaped basins hidden beneath a very large sector of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Here we show that these basins form a semi-continental sized fan shaped physiographic unit which radiates from a pin point near the South Pole and name it the East Antarctic Fan-shaped Basin Province. [...]
How Robust are Single Aliquot Regeneration paleo-doses using single grains of Quartz: The role of change in luminescence sensitivity during the measurement of natural luminescence
Published: 2025-12-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Luminescence dating using quartz is generally carried out using the single aliquot regeneration (SAR) protocol (Murray et al., 2021; Murray and Wintle, 2000). Singhvi et al. (2011) suggested a methodological improvement in the SAR protocol to account for the changes in the luminescence sensitivity during the readout of natural OSL signal. It was suggested that such changes are common and if not [...]
Resource expansion with uncertainty quantification of regolith-hosted REE deposits using radiometric data
Published: 2025-12-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability
Rare earth elements (REE) are critical raw materials due to their essential role in modern technologies. In regolith-hosted REE (RH-REE) deposits a substantial fraction of the REE is present as ionically adsorbed, exchangeable cations on secondary clay minerals and amenable to mild extraction routes potentially being less environmentally disruptive than conventional hard-rock REE operations. [...]
Caravan-Qual: A global scale integration of water quality observations into a large-sample hydrology dataset
Published: 2025-12-17
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Hydrology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Protecting and improving surface water quality is contingent upon understanding the trends and spatial patterns in physical, biological, and chemical conditions and their underlying drivers. This requires observational data, spanning a diverse range of water quality constituents, coupled with contextual environmental data. Here we present the first global-scale integration of water quality into [...]
Joint Rock Physics Inversion and Basin Modeling for Comprehensive Source Rock Characterization
Published: 2025-12-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy
This study presents an integrated workflow that combines statistical rock physics inversion with Monte Carlo basin modeling to comprehensively quantify source rock properties and their uncertainties. First, well-log and seismically-derived elastic properties are used in a statistical rock physics inversion to estimate porosity, kerogen content, and mineral fractions. These posterior distributions [...]
Lower crustal magmatic processes and andesite genesis at Shiveluch Volcano
Published: 2025-12-15
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The silicic melts that eventually erupt at arc volcanoes are produced in the lower crust, yet, the storage conditions of magma in the lower crust have not been the topic of extensive study. In this study, we conduct and analyze hydrous piston cylinder experiments to determine the mid-to-lower magma storage conditions of primitive melt at Shiveluch, an arc volcano located in northern Kamchatka. [...]
Solubility and speciation of sulfur in silicate melts under crustal conditions
Published: 2025-12-12
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Volcanology
We have determined the solubility of sulfur as either sulfide (S2-) or sulfate (S6+) in a wide range of silicate melts at 1 atm pressure and temperatures of 1050° to 1250°C. The method involved suspension of the melt in either a mixture of CO2-CO-SO2 (sulfide solubility) or SO2 and air (sulfate solubility) for periods of up to 120 hours. Sulfur concentrations, measured by electron microprobe were [...]
Multi-Planar Hierarchy in Pan-American Seismic Fractality: A Bayesian Resolution to the Projection Paradox
Published: 2025-12-10
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Statistics and Probability
Earthquake catalogs worldwide exhibit an enduring paradox: seismicity appears confined to planar faults (correlation dimension D2≈ 2.0), yet operates within volumetric lithospheric deformation. We resolve this paradox through Bayesian fractal analysis of 50,010 earthquakes across seven Pan-American tectonic regimes (2010–2025), revealing that apparent planarity reflects instrumental projection [...]
Earth Embeddings: Towards AI-centric Representations of our Planet
Published: 2025-12-09
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences
This paper presents a new perspective for the flexible and efficient representation of geospatial data, tailored to and empowered by AI: Earth embeddings. Earth embeddings provide a unified and accessible vector representation of local geographic characteristics. They fuse different geospatial data sources across time and space, compress highly-correlated raw geospatial data into one dense [...]
A Himalayan-Scale Orogen in the Central African Copperbelt and the Formation of a World-Class Metal Province.
Published: 2025-12-08
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Tectonics and Structure
The Central African Copperbelt (CACB) of Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the world’s largest sediment-hosted copper-cobalt province. It comprises Tonian–Ediacaran sedimentary rocks of the Katangan Basin and Ediacaran–Cambrian metamorphic and intrusive rocks formed during the assembly of Gondwana. The age distribution of metal deposits within the CACB peaks during the orogeny, [...]
Shelf invading low oxygen waters control Cenozoic organic carbon burial rates
Published: 2025-12-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The thermostatic mechanisms of Earth’s persistent habitability are far from resolved. High resolution C isotope records, with P accumulation and coarse fraction I/Ca over the Cenozoic, allow the recalculation and assessment of controls on the global proportional flux of organic carbon burial, a regulator of atmospheric CO2 and O2. Proportional Corg burial was suppressed during the hothouse of the [...]
ShallowLandslider: a physics-based component for predicting regional distributions of coseismic landslides
Published: 2025-12-06
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology
Earthquakes can trigger thousands of shallow landslides across mountainous terrain, reshaping landscapes and posing severe hazards. Predicting their spatial distribution remains challenging because most existing models are empirical, event-specific, and lack physical interpretability. We introduce ShallowLandslider, a physics-based component within the open-source Landlab framework for regional [...]
Comment on Barboni et al. (2025), ‘Pervasive impact modification of pristine lunar clasts’
Published: 2025-12-05
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Planetary Sciences
In a recent contribution, Barboni et al. (2025) present an experimental calibration relating the aluminium content of zircon and its parent melt under lunar conditions. This calibration is then used to argue that lunar zircons are not in equilibrium with their host silicate melts, and that caution is required when interpreting zircon-derived U-Pb dates in evolved lunar rocks. Their contribution [...]