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Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Atmospheric Sciences

Amplifying Exploration of Regional Climate Risks: Clustering Future Projections on Regionally Relevant Impact Drivers Not Emission Scenarios

Franciscus Eduard Buskop, Frederiek Sperna Weiland, Bart van den Hurk

Published: 2024-07-17
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Hydrology, Meteorology, Other Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Risk Analysis

Climate impacts will continue to evolve over the coming decades, requiring regions worldwide to obtain actionable climate information. Global Climate Models (GCMs) are often used to explore future conditions, but the variability of projections among GCMs complicates regional climate risk assessments. This variability in future projections is only partly explained by the often-used emission [...]

Satellite survey sheds new light on global solid waste methane emissions

Matthieu Dogniaux, Joannes D. Maasakkers, Marianne Girard, et al.

Published: 2024-07-09
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Sciences

Anthropogenic methane emissions are the second most important contributor to climate change, and their rapid reductions could help decrease near-term warming. Solid waste emits methane through the decay of organic material, which amounts to about 10% of total anthropogenic methane emissions. Satellite instruments enable monitoring of strong methane hotspots, including many strongly emitting urban [...]

Increasingly seasonal jet stream raises risk of co-occurring flooding and extreme wind in Great Britain

John Hillier, Hannah Bloomfield, Colin Manning, et al.

Published: 2024-07-03
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Hydrology, Multivariate Analysis

Insurers and risk managers for critical infrastructure such as transport or power networks typically do not account for flooding and extreme winds happening at the same time in their quantitative risk assessments. We explore this potentially critical underestimation of risk from these co-occurring hazards through studying events using the regional 12 km resolution UK Climate Projections for a [...]

How Will Precipitation Characteristics Associated with Tropical Cyclones in Diverse Synoptic Environments Respond to Climate Change?

Katherine E Hollinger Beatty, Gary M. Lackmann, Jared H. Bowden

Published: 2024-06-22
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Meteorology, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) can produce large rainfall totals which lead to devastating flooding, loss of life, and significant damage to infrastructure. Many studies have examined future changes in TC precipitation, however few have considered changes owing to differences in the synoptic environment during landfall. Here we focus on three North Atlantic TCs that impacted the southeastern [...]

Exploring coastal climate adaptation through storylines: Insights from Cyclone Idai in Beira, Mozambique

Henrique Moreno Dumont Goulart, Karin van der Wiel, Bart van den Hurk, et al.

Published: 2024-06-11
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Earth Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology, Meteorology, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Water Resource Management

Coastal settlements, facing increasing flood risk from Tropical Cyclones (TCs) under climate change, need local and detailed climate information for effective adaptation. Analysis of historical events and their impacts provides such information. This study uses storylines to evaluate adaptation strategies, focusing on Cyclone Idai’s impact on Beira, Mozambique, under different climate [...]

The Overlooked Sub-Grid Air-Sea Flux in Climate Models

Julius Busecke, Dhruv Balwada, Paige Martin`, et al.

Published: 2024-05-18
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Climate, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography

Understanding air-sea interaction is crucial for our ability to predict future states of the climate system, and to inform economic and societal decision-making. However, the representation of air-sea interactions in climate models is limited by structural errors associated with model resolution. Coarse-resolution climate models do not resolve small-scale structures in the air-sea state, which, [...]

Mercury records from natural archives reveal ecosystem responses to changing atmospheric deposition

Qinqin Chen, Qingru Wu, Yuying Cui, et al.

Published: 2024-05-15
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Geochemistry, Geography, Physical and Environmental Geography

Global ecosystems face mercury contamination, yet long-term data is scarce, hindering understanding of ecosystem responses to atmospheric Hg input changes. To bridge data gap and assess ecosystem responses, we compiled and compared a mercury accumulation database from peat, lake, ice, and marine deposits worldwide with atmospheric mercury deposition modeled by GEOS-Chem, focusing on trends, [...]

Numerical simulation of the 2D trajectory of a non-buoyant fluid parcel under the influence of inertial oscillation

Sandy Hardian Susanto Herho, Iwan Pramesti Anwar, Katarina Evelyn Permata Herho, et al.

Published: 2024-04-24
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Fluid Dynamics, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Oceanography

The trajectory of non-buoyant fluid parcels under the influence of inertial oscillations is a pivotal phenomenon in geophysical fluid dynamics, impacting processes such as tracer transport, pollutant dispersion, and the dynamics of marine organisms. This study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the two-dimensional trajectory of a non-buoyant fluid parcel subjected to inertial [...]

Moist convective scaling: Insights from an idealised model

Lokahith Narendra Agasthya, Caroline Muller, Mathis Cheve

Published: 2024-04-17
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences

The response of clouds and moist-convective processes to heat-loss to space by long-wave radiative cooling is an important feedback in the earth's atmosphere. It is known that moist convection increases roughly in equilibrium with radiative cooling, an assumption often made in simplified models of the tropical atmosphere. In this study, we use an idealised 2D model of the atmosphere introduced by [...]

Improving Urban Climate Adaptation Modelling in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Through Transient Urban Surface Albedo Representation

Yuan Sun, Bowen Fang, Keith W Oleson, et al.

Published: 2024-04-03
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Civil Engineering, Climate, Computational Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences

Increasing the albedo of urban surfaces, through strategies like white roof installations, has emerged as a promising approach for urban climate adaptation. Yet, modelling these strategies on a large scale is limited by the use of static urban surface albedo representations in the Earth system models. In this study, we developed a new transient urban surface albedo scheme in the Community Earth [...]

An optimized methane retrieval approach based on Kalman filter for mapping methane point emissions from spaceborne imaging spectrometer

Chenxi Feng, Fei Li, Javier Roger, et al.

Published: 2024-02-29
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences

Methane (CH4) emissions from point sources in the energy sector plays a crucial role in global CH4 budget. Spaceborne imaging spectrometer has shown superior ability for monitoring these emission events over large spatial coverages and extended timeframes. Presently, the Matched Filter (MF), which is a data-driven method, is widely employed for satellite-based retrieval of CH4 emission flux [...]

Satellite-based surveys reveal substantial methane point-source emissions in major oil & gas basins of North America during 2022-2023

Fei Li, Shengxi Bai, Keer Lin, et al.

Published: 2024-02-28
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Remote Sensing

Utilizing imaging spectroscopy technology to identify methane super-emitters plays a vital role in mitigating methane emissions in the Oil & Gas (O&G) sector. While earlier research has uncovered significant point-source methane emissions from O&G production in the US and Canada, which are key regions with large methane emissions, a comprehensive post-COVID-19 survey has been notably [...]

Graph Characterization of Higher Order Structure in Atmospheric Chemical Reaction Mechanisms

Sam Silva, Mahantesh M Halappanavar

Published: 2024-02-13
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Other Applied Mathematics, Other Environmental Sciences

Atmospheric chemical reactions play an important role in air quality and climate change. While the structure and dynamics of individual chemical reactions are fairly well understood, the emergent properties of the entire atmospheric chemical system, which can involve many different species that participate in many different reactions, are not well described. In this work, we leverage [...]

Climate and Air Quality Impact of Using Ammonia as an Alternative Shipping Fuel

Anthony Y. H. Wong, Noelle Eckley Selin, Sebastian David Eastham, et al.

Published: 2024-02-07
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Oil, Gas, and Energy

As carbon-free fuel, ammonia has been proposed as an alternative fuel to facilitate maritime decarbonization. Deployment of ammonia-powered ships is proposed as soon as 2024. However, emissions of NOx, NH3 and N2O resulting from ammonia combustion could cause impacts on air quality and climate. In this study, we assess whether and under what conditions switching to ammonia fuel might affect [...]

Daily global methane super-emitter detection and source identification with sub-daily tracking

Tobias A. de Jong, Joannes D. Maasakkers, Itziar Irakulis-Loitxate, et al.

Published: 2024-02-01
Subjects: Atmospheric Sciences, Oil, Gas, and Energy

We use the Shortwave Infrared bands of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) satellite instruments to retrieve atmospheric methane enhancements with 750m resolution. We show that the three VIIRS instruments in orbit uniquely enhance the currently-employed capabilities of tracking methane super-emission events. The VIIRS instrument on Suomi-NPP and the TROPOMI instrument on [...]

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