Preprints
There are 4720 Preprints listed.
Where should hydrology go? An early-career perspective on the next IAHS Scientific Decade: 2023-2032
Published: 2022-05-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences
This paper shares an early-career perspective on potential themes for the upcoming International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) scientific decade (SD). This opinion paper synthesizes six discussion sessions in western Europe identifying three themes that all offer a different perspective on the hydrological threats the world faces and could serve to direct the broader hydrological [...]
Weak coupling of fluvial aggradation and paleo-denudation rates during the last glacial cycle, Crete, Greece
Published: 2022-05-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The impact of Quaternary climate cycles on denudation rates and fluvial aggradation and incision is debated, especially in non-glaciated regions. Here we present paleo-denudation rates and geochronological constraints on aggradation and incision from the Sfakia and Elafonisi alluvial-fan sequences on Crete, Greece. We report seven optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), ten radiocarbon ages, and [...]
Gender Equity in Oceanography
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Gender equity, providing for full participation of people of all genders in the oceanographic workforce, is an important goal for the continued success of the oceanographic enterprise. Here we describe historical obstructions to gender equity, assess recent progress and the current status of gender equity in oceanography by examining quantitative measures of participation, achievement, and [...]
Effect of combined dry-wet irrigation and microbial dynamics on soil nutrient bioavailability
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Life Sciences
Alternate wetting-drying (AWD) cultivation with implication on soil microbiome, nutritional dynamics and rice yield during pre-monsoon (boro) and monsoon (aman) season are not well studied. In the present 4-year field study the impact of AWD (in pre-monsoon season) is compared with conventional mode of irrigation (i.e. flooded field in monsoon season). The release of soil nutrients into the [...]
Cloud feedback depends on Southern Ocean salinity
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The uncertainty in equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) has remained persistently unchanged for the past four decades1–4, with cloud feedback3,5–11 as a primary source of the uncertainty. Here we show that a key component of this uncertainty is rooted in the impact of base-state Southern Ocean salinity on cloud feedback. Sea surface salinity in the sinking zone of the Southern Ocean (45o-60oS) [...]
Researching Natural Hazards: The Harmful Legacy of Colonialism in Geoscience.
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences
Geoscience is a colonial science; its agenda was to survey and map landscapes in colonised nations which could be exploited to grow colonial empire's wealth at the expense of the local population. Natural hazard processes have been part of these landscapes, however their colonial legacy is sometimes neglected in discussions in how to live with them today. Former colonised nations' interactions [...]
Geometry and growth of syn-tectonic plutons emplaced in thrust shear zones: Insights from Abu Ziran Pluton, Egypt
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Tectonics and Structure
Coupling of deformation and magmatism has been reported in several old orogenic belts, particularly along thrust faults and shear zones. The syn-kinematic plutons in exhumed shear zones offer the best opportunity to understand the complex relationship between magmatism and regional deformation. The present paper investigates the geometry and internal structure of granite plutons emplaced in [...]
Mechanisms underlying the vulnerability of seasonally dry ecosystems to drought
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Hydrology, Other Forestry and Forest Sciences
Root-zone water storage (RWS) dynamics regulate when plants experience drought-related water stress and mortality. However, because RWS capacity (Smax) is poorly known, it remains challenging to translate variability in precipitation to water stress. Here, we investigate the relationship between precipitation variability and Smax and implement a framework for identifying the vulnerability of [...]
The microwave snow grain size: a new concept to predict satellite observations over snow-covered regions
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Satellite observations of snow-covered regions in the microwave range have the potential to retrieve essential climate variables such as snow height. This requires a precise understanding of how microwave scattering is linked to snow microstructural properties (density, grain size, grain shape and arrangement). This link has so far relied on empirical adjustments of the theories, precluding the [...]
Linking silicon isotopic signatures with diatom communities
Published: 2022-05-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The use of silicon isotope ratios (expressed as d30Si) as a paleolimnological proxy in lacustrine systems requires a better understanding of the role of lake processes in setting the d30Si values of dissolved Si (dSi) in water and in diatom biogenic silica (bSi). We determined the d30Si of modern dSi (d30SidSi) and bSi (d30SibSi) in three lakes in Lassen Volcanic National Park (LAVO), [...]
Using Synthetic Data Trained Convolutional Neural Network For Predicting Sub-Resolution Thin Layers From Seismic Data
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Geology, Geophysics and Seismology
Numerous studies have demonstrated the capability of supervised deep learning techniques for predicting geological features of interest from seismic sections, including features that are difficult to identify using traditional interpretation methods. However, successful application of these techniques in practice has been limited by the difficulty of obtaining large training dataset where seismic [...]
Deep Compressed Seismic Learning for fast location and moment tensor inferences with natural and induced seismicity
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Fast detection and characterization of seismic sources is crucial for decision-making and warning systems that monitor natural and induced seismicity. However, besides the laying out of ever denser monitoring networks of seismic instruments, the incorporation of new sensor technologies such as Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) further challenges our processing capabilities to deliver short [...]
A univariate extreme value analysis and change point detection of monthly discharge in Kali Kupang, Central Java, Indonesia
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Hydrology, Probability, Water Resource Management
This study presents how Extreme Value Analysis (EVA) can be used to predict future extreme hydrological events and how dynamic-programming based change point detection algorithm can be used to detect the abrupt transition in discharge events variability in Kali Kupang, Central Java, Indonesia. By using the annual block maxima, we can predict the upper extreme discharge probability from the Gumbel [...]
Identifying climate models based on their daily output using machine learning
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Climate
Climate models are primary tools for investigating processes in the climate system, projecting future changes, and informing decision makers. The latest generation of models provides increasingly complex and realistic representations of the real climate system, while there is also growing awareness that not all models produce equally plausible or independent simulations. Therefore, many recent [...]
Methane Emissions from the Fossil Fuel Industries of the Russian Federation
Published: 2022-05-19
Subjects: Climate, Environmental Engineering, Environmental Monitoring, Oil, Gas, and Energy
Methane is second only to carbon dioxide as a driver of human-induced climate change. Moreover, reducing the rate of methane emissions is the fastest and least disruptive way to moderate global temperature rise over the next several decades. The production of fossil fuels – principally coal, oil, and natural gas – is among the main sources of anthropogenic methane. As one of the world’s largest [...]