Preprints
There are 5427 Preprints listed.
CDR modeled in MAGICC to return to preindustrial temperatures by 2100
Published: 2023-04-23
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Scenario pathways greatly inform the opportunity space of possible future climates. The multistep experiment tests the Alternative Method to Determine a Carbon Dioxide Removal Target’s thesis by simulating the novel pathway '300x2050,' SSP1-2.6, and SSP1-1.9 comparing within green growth development in MAGICC 6.8 by removing all cumulative anthropogenic CO₂ over 80 years and phasing out [...]
In-situ frictional behavior of subducting sediment in the shallow Nankai Trough
Published: 2023-04-22
Subjects: Geology, Geophysics and Seismology, Sedimentology, Tectonics and Structure
The transition from smectite to illite at around the depth with temperature of ~150 °C has long been hypothesized as one of controlling factors of the updip limit depth of the seismogenic zone of subduction zones. Although illite has a higher friction coefficient than smectite, previous friction experiments have little reported that the smectite-illite transition accompanies the transition from [...]
The Dynamics of the India-Eurasia Collision: Faulted Viscous Continuum Models Constrained by High-Resolution Sentinel-1 InSAR and GNSS Velocities
Published: 2023-04-22
Subjects: Earth Sciences
The dynamics of lithospheric deformation in the India-Eurasia collision zone has been debated over many decades. Here we test a two-dimensional (2-D) Thin Viscous Shell (TVS) approach that has been adapted to explicitly account for displacement on major faults and investigate the impact of lateral variations in depth-averaged lithospheric strength. We present a suite of dynamic models to explain [...]
Assessing the potential of low transmissivity aquifers for ATES systems: a case study in Flanders (Belgium)
Published: 2023-04-21
Subjects: Geology, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
The Member States of the European Union pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80-95% by 2050. Shallow geothermal systems might substantially contribute by providing heating and cooling in a sustainable way through seasonally storing heat and cold in the shallow ground (<200m). When the minimum yield to install a cost-effective aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system cannot be met, [...]
From strain to displacement: using deformation to enhance distributed acoustic sensing applications
Published: 2023-04-21
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Over a period of less than a decade, Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) has become a well-established technology in seismology. For historical and practical reasons, DAS manufacturers usually provide instruments that natively record strain (rate) as the principal measurement. While at first glance strain recordings seem related to ground motion waveforms (displacement, velocity, acceleration), [...]
Global multi-hazard risk assessment in a changing climate
Published: 2023-04-20
Subjects: Applied Statistics, Climate, Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Risk Analysis
Natural hazards pose significant risks to people and assets in many regions of the world. Quantifying associated risks is crucial for many applications such as adaptation option appraisal and insurance pricing. However, traditional risk assessment approaches have focused on the impacts of single hazards, ignoring the effects of multi-hazard risks and potentially leading to underestimations or [...]
On Constructing Limits-of-Acceptability in Watershed Hydrology using Decision Trees
Published: 2023-04-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A hydrological model incurs three types of uncertainties: measurement, structural and parametric uncertainty. For instance, in rainfall-runoff models, measurement uncertainty exists due to errors in measurements of rainfall and streamflow data. Structural uncertainty exists due to errors in mathematical representation of hydrological processes. Parametric uncertainty is a consequence of our [...]
High-resolution geodetic strain rate field reveals dynamics of the India-Eurasia collision
Published: 2023-04-20
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Determining the distribution of seismic hazard in the continents requires an understanding of how much deformation is accommodated by major faults. Quantifying the role of major faults in continental deformation has been hampered by a lack of high-resolution observations in the deforming interiors of continents. By combining surface movement data derived from 22,000 satellite radar images with [...]
Analysis of factors influencing the efficiency of agricultural cold chain logistics enterprises based on intuitionistic Fuzzy-DEMATEL Method
Published: 2023-04-20
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering
In recent years, the No. 1 document of the Chinese Party Central Committee has repeatedly mentioned the need to strengthen the agricultural logistics industry and the rapid and healthy development of the cold chain logistics industry, and it is urgent to establish and cultivate some agricultural cold chain logistics enterprises with market competitiveness. In this paper, by considering the green [...]
Aboveground biomass estimates from UAV LiDAR improved via contextual learning in a Norway spruce forest
Published: 2023-04-19
Subjects: Engineering, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Forest structure analysis and biomass prediction systems are key tools for advancingforest trait-based ecology and management. Surveys using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems have contributedto this field with increased accuracy in tree phenotyping. Moreover, methods combiningUAV LiDAR surveying and machine learning (ML) have also emerged to [...]
Electric Vehicles as Electric Energy Storage for a Zero Emission Grid
Published: 2023-04-19
Subjects: Other Engineering
Electric Vehicles, especially electric vehicles with bidirectional Vehicle-toGrid (V2G) connectivity can serve as electric energy storage assets. Following the dramtatic increase in electric vehicle registrations in 2022 there can be little doubt that electric vehicles will become a major portion of the entire light duty transportation fleet. This paper endeavors to project the growing electric [...]
A key role for diffusion creep in eclogites: Omphacite deformation in the Zermatt-Saas Unit, Italian Alps
Published: 2023-04-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Mineral Physics, Tectonics and Structure
Eclogites are important components of subduction-collision zones, with the mineral omphacite acting as the supporting framework mineral that accommodates the majority of any accumulated strain. As such it is important to determine which deformation mechanisms operate in omphacite during and after its formation to understand the rheology of deforming subducted crust. Such information is key to [...]
Ammonia emissions from a dairy housing and a wastewater treatment plant quantified with an inverse dispersion method accounting for deposition loss
Published: 2023-04-17
Subjects: Agriculture, Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Engineering
Ammonia (NH3) emissions negatively impact air, soil, and water quality, hence human health and biodiversity. Significant emissions, including the largest sources, originate from single or multiple structures, such as livestock facilities and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The inverse dispersion method (IDM) is effective in measuring total emissions from such [...]
Estimating cooling capacities from aerial images using convolutional neural networks
Published: 2023-04-17
Subjects: Remote Sensing
In recent decades, the global cooling demand has significantly increased and is expected to grow even further in the future. However, knowledge regarding the spatial distribution of cooling demand is sparse. Most existing studies are based on statistical modelling, which lack in small-scale details and cannot accurately identify individual large cooling producers. In this study, we implement and [...]
Proposal of a new climate classification based on Köppen and Trewartha
Published: 2023-04-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A new and detailed climate classification based on Köppen-Geiger and Trewartha schemes is proposed, which uses four components (thermal zone, continentality, humidity, and seasonal distribution of precipitation) to determine a location’s climate type. It specifies thermal zones into nine types by subdividing tropical, subtropical, temperate, and polar zones, which are based on original Trewartha [...]