Preprints
There are 5428 Preprints listed.
Continuous isolated noise sources induce repeating waves in the coda of ambient noise correlations
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Geophysics and Seismology, Other Physics
Continuous excitation of isolated noise sources leads to repeating wave arrivals in cross correlations of ambient seismic noise, including throughout their coda. These waves propagate from the isolated sources. We observe this effect on correlation wavefields computed from two years of field data recorded at the Gräfenberg array in Germany and two master stations in Europe. Beamforming the [...]
The Stirring Tropics: The Ubiquity of Moisture Modes and Moisture-Vortex
Published: 2023-03-17
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Observationsofcolumnwatervaporinthetropicsshowsignificantvariationsinspaceandtime,indicatingthatitisstrongly influenced by the passage of weather systems. It is hypothesized that many of the influencing systems are moisture modes, systems whose thermodynamics are governed by moisture. On the basis of four objective criteria, results suggest that all oceanic convectively-coupled tropical [...]
The Stirring Tropics: Theory of Moisture Mode−Hadley Cell Interactions
Published: 2023-03-16
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Interactions between large-scale waves and the Hadley Cell are examined using a linear two-layer model on an f-plane. A linear meridional moisture gradient determines the strength of the idealized Hadley Cell. The trade winds are in thermal wind balance with a weak temperature gradient (WTG). The mean meridional moisture gradient is unstable to synoptic-scale (horizontal scale of ∼1000 km) [...]
Data, knowledge and modeling challenges for science-informed management of river deltas
Published: 2023-03-16
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Natural Resources and Conservation, Natural Resources Management and Policy, Other Civil and Environmental Engineering, Other Environmental Sciences, Sustainability, Water Resource Management
450 million people live on river deltas and thus on land that is precariously low above the sea level and sinking because of human activities and natural processes. Although global debates around coastal risk typically focus on sea level rise, it is sinking lands and rising seas that together endanger lives and livelihoods in river deltas. However, the ability to quantify and address those risks [...]
Geomorphologic Controls on the Evolution of Submarine Channels in the Clifdenian-Tongaporutuan Interval of the Southern Taranaki Basin, offshore New Zealand
Published: 2023-03-16
Subjects: Life Sciences
The Clifdenian-Tongaporutuan interval in the Southern Taranaki Basin experienced significant turbidity activities during the Middle to Late Miocene leading to formation and burial of several submarine channels. The chronologic evolution of these channels is difficult to prove because of their architectures, repeated cut- and- fill, stacking patterns, erosive nature, and spatial-temporal [...]
Nature based Solutions for flood risks: what insights do the social representations of experts provide?
Published: 2023-03-16
Subjects: Environmental Studies
In the context of intensification of flood risks, NbS propose an interesting approach to conciliate population’s protection and biodiversity. While this recently emerging concept has been the subject of numerous studies, there is still little work on this issue in social sciences. However, it is essential to understand the social representations of NbS in order to help authorities to [...]
LHYMO: a new WFD-compliant multimetric index to assess lake hydromorphology and its application to French lakes
Published: 2023-03-16
Subjects: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
1. Hydromorphology provides a physical framework for aquatic biocenoses. Its condition directly affects the quality of habitats available for fauna and flora and its assessment is therefore required by the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) to assess the ecological status of lake water bodies. 2. In this study, we developed an index of Lake HYdroMOrphology (LHYMO) to provide a quantitative [...]
Co-production of just nature-based solutions to mitigate the impact of domestic effluents on stream water quality in an informal urbanization in Latin America: Diagnosis and a pilot study
Published: 2023-03-15
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly assessed in sustainable urban projects to improve human welfare and biodiversity. Particularly, the design, implementation and assessment of NbS are in most cases spatial and context-dependent, and just NbS must also be included in the agenda. To this end, alternative paradigms such as transdisciplinary and action research can play a fundamental role [...]
Examining knowledge and epistemic justice in the design of nature-based solutions for water management
Published: 2023-03-15
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Over the last decade, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for water management have gained traction as triple-win options for climate action due to their ability to address social, economic, and environmental challenges. Recent developments in the literature of NbS have resulted in a body of work addressing questions about knowledge and justice. In line with these developments, this paper proposes the [...]
Extreme Rainfall Indices and its Effect on Meher Season Crop Calendar: An Agro-Climatic Zone Based Study
Published: 2023-03-15
Subjects: Geography
The study analyzed the daily extreme rainfall indices and its consequences on Meher (summer) season cereal crop calendar in the agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of a watershed. Long-term (1981-2019) rainfall data for 50 sample grid points with a spatial resolution of 5 5 km from Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation (CHIRPS) was considered. Focus group discussions were employed to identifying [...]
Geo-Spatial Analysis of Built-Environment Exposure to Flooding: Iowa Case Study
Published: 2023-03-15
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Risk Analysis
Flooding is the most frequent type of natural disaster, inducing devastating damages at large and small spatial scales. Flood exposure analysis is a critical part of flood risk assessment. While most studies analyze the exposure elements separately, it is crucial to perform a multi-parameter exposure analysis and consider different types of flood zones to gain a comprehensive understanding of the [...]
Levers for transformative nature-based adaptation initiatives in the Alps
Published: 2023-03-15
Subjects: Environmental Studies
Transformative adaptation is essential to face the unprecedented biodiversity and climate change crises. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) could accelerate the transformation of social-ecological systems to address climate change and biodiversity and Nature’s Contribution to People (NCP) loss. However, they are not widely implemented. Understanding the drivers of decision-making context that [...]
A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe
Published: 2023-03-15
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Although earthquakes are a threat in many countries and considerable resources have been invested in safety regulations, communities at risk often lack awareness and preparedness. Risk communication is a key tool for building resilient communities, raising awareness, and increasing preparedness. Over the past 2 decades, seismic risk communication has evolved significantly. This has led to a [...]
Efficient modeling of wave generation and propagation in a semi-enclosed estuary
Published: 2023-03-14
Subjects: Oceanography, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Accurate, and high-resolution wave statistics are critical for regional hazard mapping and planning. However, long-term simulations at high spatial resolution are often computationally prohibitive. Here, multiple rapid frameworks including fetch-limited, look-up-table (LUT), and linear propagation are combined and tested in a large estuary exposed to both remotely (swell) and locally generated [...]
Complex rupture evolution of the 2007 Martinique earthquake: a non-double-couple event in the Caribbean Sea
Published: 2023-03-14
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A large non-double-couple component of a tectonic earthquake indicates that its rupture likely was complex and likely involved multiple faults. Detailed source models of such earthquakes can add to our understanding of earthquake source complexity. The 2007 Martinique earthquake in the Caribbean Sea is one of the largest recent earthquakes with a known large non-double-couple component. It was an [...]